| 单词 | background |
| 释义 | background noun¹ 1type of family, social class, etc. sb comes from出身adjective | verb + background | background + verb | background + noun | preposition | phrases adjective➤family家庭背景◆can you tell me something about your family background?你能跟我说说你的家庭背景吗？➤broad丰富的背景◆it is important to have a broad educational background.有丰富的教育背景很重要。➤different, diverse, mixed, varied, various不同的／多样的／混杂的／各异的／各种各样的背景◆we work with clients from diverse backgrounds.我们与背景复杂多样的客户打交道。➤similar相似的背景◆i think we get on well because we're from similar backgrounds.我想我们相处融洽是因为我们生活背景相似。➤privileged, wealthy有特权的／富有的背景▸➤deprived, disadvantaged, poor (especially bre) 贫困的家境；下层社会的出身▸➤middle-class, upper-class, working-class中产阶级／上层阶级／工人阶级背景➤solid, stable, strong坚实的／稳固的／强有力的背景◆she has a good solid background in management.她在管理方面具有坚实的背景。➤criminal犯罪背景◆she wanted to know about his criminal background.她想了解他的犯罪背景。➤engineering, military, musical, professional, scientific, technical工程／军人／音乐／职业／科学／技术背景◆children from a military background often move around a lot.出身军人家庭的孩子会常常搬家。◆even people with a technical background will struggle to understand some of the jargon.有些术语即便是有专业技术背景的人也要费很大劲儿才能理解。➤christian, jewish, muslim, etc.基督教、犹太教、伊斯兰教等背景▸➤class, cultural, ethnic, genetic, linguistic, racial, religious, social, socio-economic阶级／文化／民族／遗传学／语言学／种族／宗教／社会／社会经济背景➤academic, educational学历；教育背景◆her academic background includes a degree in education.她的学历中有一个教育学的学位。verb + background➤come from, have出身于⋯家庭；有⋯背景◆he came from a very privileged background.他出身于特权家庭。➤be drawn from来自⋯背景◆the students are drawn from very mixed social backgrounds.这些学生来自多种不同的社会背景。background + verb➤be in sth有⋯方面的背景◆her background was in biology and medicine.她有生物学和医学背景。background + noun➤check背景审查◆in the future, we will require background checks on airport employees.今后，我们会要求对机场职员进行背景审查。preposition➤from a background来自⋯背景◆children from deprived backgrounds来自贫困家庭的孩子➤with a background有⋯背景◆an economist with a background in business有从商经历的经济学家➤background in在⋯方面的背景phrases➤a range of backgrounds, a variety of backgrounds广泛的／多样化的背景background noun² 2facts connected with a situation/an event现实环境adjective | verb + background | background + noun | preposition adjective➤general大致的情况▸➤factual实际情况▸➤cultural, economic, historical, political文化／经济／历史／政治背景verb + background➤describe, explain, give (sb), outline, provide (sb with)描述背景；解释背景；（给某人）提供背景；概述背景◆the book provides the background to the revolution.这本书提供了这次革命的背景。➤form形成背景◆those discussions formed the background to the decision.在那些讨论的基础上形成了这一决议。background + noun➤briefing, info (informal) , information, knowledge, reading背景简介；背景信息；背景知识；背景阅读材料◆background information on the country关于这个国家的背景资料preposition➤against the background以⋯为背景◆against that general background, let me give you a more detailed view of current practice.这是整体的背景，下面让我向你更详细地介绍一下当前的做法。➤background to⋯的背景◆the technical background to the report该报告的技术背景➤background of⋯的背景◆the historical background of the project项目的历史背景background noun³ 3part of a view/picture behind the main parts背后景物adjective | verb + background | background + noun | preposition adjective➤black, blue, grey/gray, etc.黑色、蓝色、灰色等背景➤dark暗色的背景➤neutral中性色背景verb + background➤blend in with, match与背景融合／相配◆the wolves' coats turn white to match their snowy background.狼的皮毛变成白色，与白雪皑皑的环境融为一体。background + noun➤colour/color背景色◆most paintings look good against a neutral background colour / color.大多数画作在中性背景色下看起来较好。preposition➤against a/the background在⋯的背景下◆the areas of water stood out against the dark background.在黑暗背景下映衬出片片水域。➤in the background在背景中◆the mountains in the background were capped with snow.背景中的群山山顶覆盖着白雪。➤on a/the background在⋯的背景上◆bright blue on a red background红底衬托着亮蓝background noun⁴ 4position in which sb/sth is not important/noticed不显眼的位置verb + background | background + noun | preposition verb + background➤blend into, fade into, melt into, recede into, retreat into, slip into融入背景；淡入背景；退隐幕后◆the dispute over the new contract allowed her other problems to fade into the background.关于新合同的争议使得她的其他问题都退居其次。◆he had learned how to melt invisibly into the background.他已学会如何不惹人注意地退居幕后。background + noun➤music, noise, radiation背景音乐；本底噪声；本底辐射➤vocals背景声乐部份◆who did the background vocals on that track?那首歌的伴唱是谁唱的？➤distortion, hiss背景失真／咝咝声◆the signal was very clear, with no background hiss or distortion.信号非常清楚，背景中没有出现咝咝声或失真现象。preposition➤in the background隐约地；在背景声中◆there was a radio on in the background.隐约能听到收音机的声音。◆i could see my secretary hovering in the background.我看得见我的秘书在不被人注意的地方踱来踱去。◆he prefers to remain in the background and let his assistant deal with the press.他宁愿留在幕后而让助手去应付媒体。 background /bækgraʊnd/ noun [countable] 1.the details of a person's experience, education, family, etc. 经历；学历；出身背景◆the job would suit somebody with a publishing background. 这项工作适合有出版经验的人。2.the circumstances or past events which help explain why sth is how it is; information about these （事件发展等的）背景◆gather plenty of background information on the company before your interview. 你面试之前需充分收集有关公司的背景资料。3. (it 信息技术) the part of a computer where a program can continue to operate while the user is working with another program 后台（当用户使用另一个程序时，当前程序能继续运行的计算机部分）◆programs running in the background 在后台运行的程序☞ background background noun ➡ see also the entry for family 3另见 family 条第 3 义background ♦︎ record ♦︎ past ♦︎ history ♦︎ upbringing ♦︎ track record ♦︎ life historythese are all words for the things that sb has done or the things that have happened to sb before now.这些词均表示曾经做过或经历过的事。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆sb has a background / record / history / track record of sth◆sb has a background / record / track record in sth◆a / an proven / impressive / excellent / poor record / track record◆a religious / working class / middle class background / upbringing◆a colourful / chequered history / past◆sb's criminal background / record / past / history◆sb's medical record / history◆your background / upbringing prepares you for / gives you sth■ background [countable] the details of a person's life before now, especially concerning their family, education and experience出身背景；学历；经历◆sb's family / social / cultural / educational / class background某人的家庭／社会／文化／教育／阶级背景◆the classes are designed for students with a background in history or theology.这些课程是为有历史或神学知识的学生设计的。◆the job would suit someone with a business background.这项工作适合有商务经验的人。◆we are from very different backgrounds but we get on very well.我们的出身很不一样，但相处融洽。ⓘ you can also talk about the background to an event or situation. * background 也可表示事件或事态的背景。 ➡ see also background → context■ record [singular] the facts that are known about sb/sth's past behaviour, character or achievements（有关过去的）事实；记录；功过◆the report criticizes the government's record on housing.报告批评政府在住房问题上的所作所为。◆the airline has a good safety record.这家航空公司的安全情况一向很好。◆he has an impressive record of achievement.他所取得的各项成就令人赞叹。■ past [countable, usually singular] a person's life or career before now（某人）过去的经历（或事业）◆we don't know anything about his past.我们对他的过去一无所知。◆she didn't tell them about her boyfriend's criminal past.她没跟他们提起男友犯过罪。ⓘ past can also be used to talk about an aspect of a place before now. * past 也可表示某个地方昔日的一个侧面◆the country still suffers as a result of its colonial past.该国昔日曾为殖民地，至今仍深受其害。■ history [singular] a record of sth happening frequently in the past of a person, family or place; the set of facts that are known about sb's past（某人的）经历；家族史；（某地的）沿革◆he has a history of violent crime.他有暴力犯罪的前科。◆there is a history of heart disease in my family.我家有家族心脏病史。◆the area has a history of subsidence problems.该地区的地面沉降是个老问题。■ upbringing /ʌpbrɪŋɪŋ/ [singular, uncountable] the way in which a child is cared for and taught how to behave while it is growing up抚育；养育；培养◆she had had a very sheltered upbringing.她在备受呵护中长大。◆he was a catholic by upbringing.他受家庭薰陶，从小就是个天主教徒。■ track record [singular] all the past achievements, successes or failures of a person or organization（个人或组织的）业绩记录◆as a company we have a proven track record in catering.我们公司有令人信赖的宴席承办业绩记录。◆britain has a poor track record in foreign language teaching.英国外语教学的成绩乏善可陈。■ life history --> [countable] all the events that happen in the life of a person, animal or plant生平；（生物的）生活史◆he sat at the bar and told me his whole life history.他坐在吧枱旁，对我谈起自己一生的经历。◆the aim of the project is to study the life histories of insects.该项目旨在研究昆虫的生活史。 background [countable] the details of a person's life before now, especially concerning their family, education and experience出身背景；学历；经历◆sb's family / social / cultural / educational / class background某人的家庭／社会／文化／教育／阶级背景◆the classes are designed for students with a background in history or theology.这些课程是为有历史或神学知识的学生设计的。◆the job would suit someone with a business background.这项工作适合有商务经验的人。◆we are from very different backgrounds but we get on very well.我们的出身很不一样，但相处融洽。ⓘ you can also talk about the background to an event or situation. * background 也可表示事件或事态的背景。 ➡ see also background → context background [countable, usually singular, uncountable] the situation that existed before a particular event happened, which helps to explain why it happened; information about this situation（事态发展的）背景；背景信息◆the book explains the complex historical background to the war.这本书解释了这场战争复杂的历史背景。◆the elections are taking place against a background of violence.选举在发生暴力冲突的情况下进行。◆encyclopedias are a good source of background information.百科全书是查找背景信息很好的渠道。◆can you give me more background on the company's financial position?你能多提供一些这家公司财务状况的背景资料吗？ ➡ see also background → background background [countable, usually singular] the things or area behind or around the main objects or people in a place or picture背景；后景◆the mountains in the background were capped with snow.远处的群山山峰覆盖着白雪。◆the areas of water stand out against the dark background.水域的部份在深色背景的映衬下很显眼。opp the foreground → lead noun 1 background/ˈbækgraʊnd ||; ˈbækˌgraυnd/noun1. [sing] the part of a view, scene, picture, etc which is furthest away from the person looking at it 远景；背景: ◇you can see the mountains in the background of the photo. 你可以看见照片背景的山岭。 [opp] foreground 反义词为 foreground 2. [sing] a position where sb/sth can be seen/heard, etc but is not the centre of attention （非注意焦点的）背景；陪衬: ◇the film star's husband prefers to stay in the background. 那个电影明星的丈夫宁愿退居幕后。◇all the time i was speaking to her, i could hear a child crying in the background. 我跟她说话的时候，一直听到旁边有孩子在哭。◇i like to have background music when i'm studying. 我喜欢一边学习一边播放背景音乐。 3. [sing] [u] the facts or events that are connected with a situation 与某一情况有关的事实或事件；（事件等的）背景: ◇the talks are taking place against a background of increasing tension. 会谈在气氛越来越紧张的背景下进行。◇i need some background information. 我需要一些背景资料。 4. [c] the type of family and social class you come from and the education and experience you have 个人背景: ◇we get on very well together in spite of our different backgrounds. 我们尽管背景各不相同，但相处得很好。 backgroundsee ⇨ behind 2 ⇨ class 4 ⇨ come from 3 ⇨ family 1 ⇨ picture 5 • • •• ⇨ in the background back·ground /`bækˏgrand; ˈbækɡraʊnd/n 1. [c] the type of education, experience, and family that someone has 出身，个人背景［包括教育、经历和家庭状况］:◇the kids here have very different backgrounds. 这里的孩子有着大相径庭的家庭背景。◇he has a background in computer science. 他受过计算机学的教育。 2. in the background a) sounds, people, things etc that are in the background are not the main ones that you can see or hear 在背景中:◇in the background you can see the school. 在背景处你可以看到学校。◇the sound of traffic in the background 隐约传来的车辆声 b) someone who stays in the background tries not to be noticed 在不显眼［不被人注意］的位置:◇a waiter stood quietly in the background. 一个服务员静静地站在一旁。 3. [singular 单数，u] a backdrop ［事件的］背景; ［舞台后部的］背景幕布 backgroundadj ☞ background |
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