| 单词 | class |
| 释义 | class noun¹ 1lesson/group of students课；班adjective | verb + class | class + verb | class + noun | preposition | phrases adjective➤big, large大班▸➤small小班▸➤advanced, beginners', beginning, elementary, intermediate, introductory, remedial高级班；初级班；基础班；中级班；入门班；补习班➤master (usually masterclass) 大师班▸➤biology, history, etc.生物课、历史课等➤acting, creative-writing, dance, dancing (bre) , etc.表演班、创作班、舞蹈班等▸➤evening, night (especially name) 夜课➤college, high-school, kindergarten, undergraduate (all name) 大学／中学／幼儿园／本科班级➤entering, incoming (= the students starting a school or college in a particular year) (both name) 新入校的班级verb + class➤attend, go to, take上课；去上课◆he's taking classes in pottery.他在上陶艺课。➤enrol/enroll in, sign up for报名参加⋯班；选修⋯课▸➤cut, miss, skip (name) 旷课；缺课；逃课➤disrupt, interrupt扰乱课堂；打扰上课▸➤hold开办课程◆the institute holds evening classes throughout the year.学院常年开设夜课。➤offer开设课程◆the college offers classes in many subjects.学院开设有多门学科的课程。➤conduct, give, lead, run, take, teach讲课；授课；上课◆who's taking the class today?今天谁上课？➤address向全班同学讲话▸➤dismiss下课◆class dismissed!下课！➤fail, flunk (both name) 课程不及格➤pass (name) 通过课程➤ace (name, informal) 课程获优等成绩➤drop放弃课程➤cover包含课程▸➤observe, sit in on观课；旁听课程class + verb➤be easy, be hard课程容易／难懂➤be available开设有课程➤graduate (name) 班级毕业class + noun➤member, teacher班级成员；班主任▸➤size班级规模➤discussion班级讨论➤work随堂作业➤reunion班级的重聚➤schedule (name) 课程表➤period (name) 课时preposition➤in (a/the) class在课堂上◆we'll start the exercise in class.我们要开始在课堂上做练习。◆which history class are you in?你上哪个历史课？➤class in⋯课◆she's going to evening classes in italian.她打算上意大利语夜课。phrases➤the back of the class, the front of the class班级后排／前排◆he sat at the back of the class.他坐在教室后排。➤be top of the class, come top of the class是班里的尖子◆she came top of the class in english.她是班上的英语尖子。➤the class of...(= a group of students who finish their studies in a particular year) ⋯届（学生）◆the class of 20082008 届学生➤the entire class, the whole class全班class noun² 2social/economic group社会／经济群体adjective | class + noun adjective➤leisure (= rich people) , lower, lower-middle, middle, upper, upper-middle, working有间阶层；下层阶级；中下层阶级；中产阶级；上层阶级；上层中产阶级；工人阶级◆sections of the working class工人阶级中的群体➤chattering, educated, elite, governing, political, privileged, professional, ruling, wealthy（好议论时政的）聒噪／受过教育的／精英／监管／政治／特权／专业／统治／富裕阶层◆topics being discussed at the breakfast tables of the chattering classes聒噪阶层在早餐桌上讨论的话题➤capitalist, entrepreneurial, merchant资本家／企业家／商人阶层➤labouring/laboring, peasant劳动／农民阶级➤landed, landowning地主阶级▸➤dominant支配阶级▸➤social, socio-economic社会／社会经济阶层◆membership of the club is drawn from all social classes.该俱乐部成员来自社会各个阶层。class + noun➤structure, system阶级结构／制度▸➤consciousness阶级意识▸➤interests阶级利益▸➤conflict, differences, divisions, struggle, war, warfare阶级冲突／差异／分化／斗争／战争／战事➤issue阶级问题class noun³ 3group of things类别adjective | verb + class | preposition | phrases adjective➤large, small大类；小类▸➤distinct截然不同的类别➤special特殊类别▸➤rare稀有种类➤age, weight年龄／重量级别verb + class➤constitute, form构成／形成一类◆these writers form a distinct class in russian literature.这些作家在俄罗斯文坛自成一派。preposition➤class of⋯的类别◆a rare class of neurological diseases一种罕见的神经系统疾病phrases➤be in a class of your own, be in a different class (= to be much better than others) 独一无二；出类拔萃class noun⁴ 4high quality/style高质量；高品位adjective | verb + class | phrases adjective➤great, real很高的素质；超凡的品位◆a player of great class一流的运动员verb + class➤have有品位◆she has real class.她很有格调。phrases➤a touch of class一抹情调◆the musical entertainment added a touch of class to the occasion.音乐节目给活动增添了一抹情调。 class /klɑːs; name klæs/ noun1. [countable, usually plural] a series of lessons on a particular subject （某科目的）系列课程◆the institute holds classes in/on accounting throughout the year. 学院全年开设会计课程。 syn course ⨁ to attend / go to / take classes上课 ⨁ to have / hold / offer / teach a class授课 2. [countable + singular or plural verb] one of the groups of people in a society that are thought of as being at the same social or economic level 阶级；阶层◆the new taxes will hurt all classes of society. 新税收会损害社会上所有阶层。◆the professional classes 专业阶层3. [countable] a group of things that have similar characteristics or qualities 种类；等级◆the painkiller is part of a new class of drugs. 这款止痛药是一类新型药品。◆it's the best computer available in its class. 这是该档次中现有最好的计算机。4. [countable] each of several different levels of comfort that are available to travellers in a plane, etc. （飞机等的）舱位等级 best in class ◇ business class ◇ economy class ◇ first class ◇ second class ☞ classclass noun 1➤which classes are you taking?你在上什么课？➤work hard in class在课堂上用功学习➤the youngest in the class班上年龄最小的人➤all classes of society社会各阶层class ♦︎ course ♦︎ programme ♦︎ curriculum ♦︎ syllabusthese are all words for a series of subjects or skills that are taught or studied for the purposes of education or training.这些词均表示课程。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆a / the course / programme / curriculum / syllabus for sb / sth◆in a / the class / course / programme / curriculum / syllabus◆on a / the course / programme / curriculum / syllabus◆a narrow / wide / broad curriculum / syllabus◆a core programme / curriculum / syllabus◆a day / evening class / course / programme◆a / an english / history / mathematics, etc. class / course / programme / curriculum / syllabus◆to design / plan a class / course / programme / curriculum / syllabus◆to follow / teach / offer a / the course / programme / curriculum / syllabus◆to run / take / do / enrol on / sign up for a class / course / programme◆to complete a class / course / programme / syllabus◆a / the class / course / programme / curriculum / syllabus covers sth■ class [countable] (also classes [plural]) a series of lessons on a particular subject or in a particular skill（某科目或某种技能的系列）课程◆i'm taking a management class this semester.我这学期在上管理学课程。◆the college runs specialist language classes.这所学院开设有专门语言的课程。◆ (bre) are you still doing your french evening class?你还在上夜校学习法语吗？◆ (name) i'm taking night classes in art appreciation.我在夜校上艺术欣赏课程。■ course [countable] (bre or formal, name) a series of classes or lectures on a particular subject（某学科的系列）课程◆she's taking a course in art and design.她在上一门美术与设计的课程。◆i've signed up for an evening course on media techniques.我报名参加了晚间的媒体技术课程。◆ (bre) over 50 students have enrolled on the course.超过 50 名学生登记学习这门课程。ⓘ in american english this meaning of course is only used in formal or official language.在美式英语中，course 的这一义项仅用于正式或官方语言◆registration for courses begins tomorrow.课程明天开始注册。in everyday conversation, use class.在日常谈话中用 class◆what classes did you register for?你报了什么课程？in british english course can be used in both formal, written english and everyday spoken english. in british english a course is also a period of study at a college or university that leads to an exam or qualification; in american english this is called a program.在英式英语中，course 在正式的书面语和口语中均可使用。在英式英语中，course 还指大学开设须考试通过或完成可取得资格的课程，这在美式英语中称为 program◆it's a four-year course.这是一个四年制的课程。◆she had taught on a range of undergraduate courses.她教授过许多本科课程。■ programme (bre) (also program, especially in name) [countable] a course of study or training, especially at a college or university（尤指学院或大学的学习或培训）课程◆take a look at our new history and language programs.看一下我们新的历史和语言的课程吧。◆we especially encourage those from minorities to apply for our degree programs.我们尤其鼓励那些来自少数族裔的人申请我们的学位课程。◆we urge as many people as possible to enrol on our management training programme.我们鼓励尽可能多的人报读我们的管理培训课程。ⓘ in american english, program is the usual word for a course or period of time studying in a college or university; in this context it is short for degree program. a degree program is made up of a number of classes or courses. it is also becoming more common for british universities to talk about their undergraduate programmes.在美式英语中，表示学位课程常用 program 一词，此处它是 degree program 的简称，由若干课程组成。undergraduate programme 在英国大学中也越来越常用。■ curriculum /kərɪkjələm/ (plural curricula /kərɪkjələ/ or curriculums) [countable, usually singular] the subjects that are included in a course of study or taught in a school, college or university（学校的）全部课程，所有科目◆the school curriculum should be as broad as possible.学校的课程应当尽可能广泛。◆these subjects are not part of the core curriculum (= consisting of the most basic and important subjects).这些科目不是核心课程。◆ (bre) they all have to study french because it's on the curriculum.依照课程要求，他们都必须学习法语。◆ (name) nutrition education is now in the curriculum.营养教育现已纳入课程内容。note 辨析 on or in?note that in british english it is usual to talk about students being on a course or programme or subjects being on the curriculum or syllabus; in american english students enrol in a program, and subjects are in the curriculum or syllabus.在英式英语中，course、programme、curriculum 或 syllabus 前面的介词用 on ；在美式英语中，program、curriculum 或 syllabus 前面的介词用 in。■ syllabus /sɪləbəs/ [countable, usually singular] (bre) a list of the topics and books that students should study in a particular subject at school or college教学大纲◆a group of experienced teachers were asked to design a new english syllabus.一组经验丰富的教师受命设计新的英语教学大纲。◆the courses do not follow any particular exam syllabus.这些课程不遵循任何具体的考试大纲。ⓘ in american english a syllabus is a summary of the main points of course: a teacher might give a copy of the syllabus to the students on the first day of a class, so that they will know what they will be studying during the semester.在美式英语中，syllabus 指课程要点的汇总。老师可能会在上课第一天发给学生一份课程大纲，让学生了解该学期的学习内容。class noun 2➤which classes are you taking?你在上什么课？➤work hard in class在课堂上用功学习➤the youngest in the class班上年龄最小的人➤all classes of society社会各阶层class ♦︎ session ♦︎ lesson ♦︎ seminar ♦︎ workshop ♦︎ tutorial ♦︎ periodthese are all words for a period of time that is spent learning sth.这些词均表示学习的一段时间、一节课。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial on sth◆in / during a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial / period◆at a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial◆to go to / attend a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial◆to miss a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial / period◆to have a class / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial◆to give / conduct a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial◆to teach a class / session / lesson / seminar◆to hold / run a class / session / seminar / workshop◆a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial takes place■ class [countable, uncountable] an occasion when a group of students meet to be taught课；上课◆i have an english class at 11.我 11 点钟有英语课。◆please see me after class.请下课后来见我。◆she works hard in class (= during lessons).她上课很用功。■ session [countable] a period of time that is spent doing a particular activity一场；一节；一段时间◆a photo / recording / training session一段接受拍照的时间；一场录音；一堂训练课◆your presentation will be part of the morning session.你将安排在上午的课里做简报。◆the programme is made up of 12 two-hour sessions.这门课总共 12 节，每节两小时。■ lesson [countable] a period of time in which sb is taught sth一节课；一课时◆new students get lessons in how to use the library.新生要上如何使用图书馆的课。◆piano / driving lessons钢琴课；驾驶课◆i've decided to take golf lessons.我决定上高尔夫球课。◆she made a living giving private lessons in english.她以做英语家教为生。◆ (especially bre) what did we do last lesson?我们上节课学了什么内容？note 辨析 class or lesson?a class is always for a group of people being taught together; a lesson can be for a group of people or for just one person. * class 总是一群人一起上课； lesson 可以是为一群人或只为一个人授课。■ seminar /semɪnɑː(r)/ [countable] a class at a college or university when a group of students and a teacher discuss or study a particular topic; a meeting of people for training or discussion（大学里的）专题讨论课；培训会；研讨会◆teaching is by lectures and seminars.教学形式为讲座和研讨课。◆a seminar room / group上讨论课的教室；讨论小组◆the company organizes management seminars.这家公司筹办管理研讨会。■ workshop /wɜːkʃɒp; name wɜːrkʃɑːp/ [countable] a period of discussion and practical work on a particular subject, in which a group of people share ideas, knowledge or experience研讨会；讲习班◆a drama / poetry workshop戏剧研讨班；诗歌讲习班◆there are two management development workshops per year.每年有两次管理层发展研讨会。■ tutorial /tjuːtɔːriəl; name tuːtɔːriəl/ [countable] a period of teaching in a college or university that involves discussion between an individual student or a very small group of students and a teacher（大学导师的）个别辅导，小组辅导课◆students have to write an essay for each weekly tutorial.学生需要为每周的辅导课写短篇论文。 ➡ see also tutor → teacher ■ period [countable] any of the parts that a day is divided into at a school or college for study节；学时；课◆we've got french next period.我们下节课上法语。◆i have two free / study periods (= for private study) on tuesday afternoons.我每个星期二下午有两节自习课。class noun 3➤which classes are you taking?你在上什么课？➤work hard in class在课堂上用功学习➤the youngest in the class班上年龄最小的人➤all classes of society社会各阶层class ♦︎ grade ♦︎ year ♦︎ stream ♦︎ track ♦︎ setthese are all words for groups in which students are taught together.这些词均表示班级、年级、小组。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆in a class / grade / year / stream / set■ class [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of students who are taught together班；班级◆we were in the same class at school.我们上学时同班。◆he finished top of the class (= got better results than all the others).他在班上名列前茅。◆the whole class was told to stay behind after school.全班被告知放学后留下。◆ (especially name) the class of 2008 (= a group of students who finished their studies at school or college in 2008) 2008 届毕业生◆ (name) the freshman / sophomore / junior / senior class大学或高中一年级／二年级／三年级／四年级■ grade [countable](in the us school system) one of the levels in a school with children of similar age（美国学制）年级◆he is in (the) second grade.他读二年级。▸ grader noun [countable] ◆the play is open to all seventh and eighth graders.所有七、八年级学生均可观看此剧。■ year [countable] (especially bre) (at a school or university) a level that you stay in for one year; a student at a particular level年级；某年级的学生◆we didn't start latin until year nine.我们直到九年级才开始学习拉丁语。◆the language students go abroad in their third year.学习语言的学生在第三年到国外去。◆the project is the work of a group of year-seven pupils.这个专案是一群七年级学生的努力成果。◆first and second years usually live in college.一二年级学生通常住在学院里。■ stream [countable] (especially bre) a group in which students of the same age and level of ability are placed in some schools（将同龄学生按能力编在一起的）班，组◆he was put into the top stream.他分在快班。▸ stream verb [transitive, usually passive] ◆ (especially bre) pupils are streamed for english and maths.学生上英语课和数学课时按能力分成小组。■ track [countable] (name) a group in which students of the same age and level or ability, or studying the same group of subjects, are placed in some schools and colleges（将学生按年龄、水平、能力或修读科目分编的）班，组◆students pursue one of three tracks: professional writing, film / television / video or new media.学生竞相参加以下三个班中的其中一个：专业写作、影视与录像，以及新媒体。▸ track verb [intransitive, transitive, usually passive] ◆a comparison of schools that track and don't track in math数学课分班与不分班的学校的对比■ set [countable] (bre) a group of school students of the same age and similar ability in a particular subject who are taught together in that subject although they are normally taught in a different group（一同修学某一科目、但分属不同班级的）一批学生◆she is in the top set for french.她的法语成绩名列前茅。class noun 4➤which classes are you taking?你在上什么课？➤work hard in class在课堂上用功学习➤the youngest in the class班上年龄最小的人➤all classes of society社会各阶层class ♦︎ level ♦︎ position ♦︎ rank ♦︎ status ♦︎ rating ♦︎ standing ♦︎ ranking ♦︎ gradethese are all words for a group in society or within an organization that sb belongs to, based on how much importance or authority they have, or for a measure of how good or important sb/sth is compared with sb/sth else.这些词均表示阶级、等级、地位。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆sb's class / level / position / rank / status / standing / ranking in / within sth◆a / the high / higher level / position / rank / status / rating / standing / ranking / grade◆a / the low / lower class / level / position / rank / status / rating / standing / ranking / grade◆the top level / rank / rating / ranking / grade◆the upper class / level / rank◆the middle class / level / rank / ranking / grade◆a / the senior level / position / rank / grade◆sb's social class / position / rank / status / standing / ranking◆a / sb's professional class / status / standing◆to improve your position / status / standing / ranking◆to have a ... rank / rating / status / standing◆to give (sb / sth) a status / rating / ranking◆to achieve a rank / status / rating◆sb's class / position / rank / status / standing in society◆a / the class / level / ranks of society■ class [countable + singular or plural verb, uncountable] one of the groups of people in a society that are thought of as being at the same social or economic level; the way that people are divided into different social or economic groups阶级；阶层；社会等级◆his ideas had an appeal among the wealthy, professional classes.他的想法获得富裕的专业阶层认同。◆do you consider yourself to be middle class?你认为你属于中产阶级吗？◆a lot of british comedy is based on class differences.许多英国喜剧是以阶级差异为基础的。◆the old class system is not appropriate in a modern age.旧的等级制度不适用于现代。 ➡ see also the upper class → elite , the middle class → middle class noun , the working class → general public ■ level [countable] one of a number of positions in a scale of importance, for example in society or within an organization（社会、组织等内部的）层次，级别◆he promised reforms at all levels of government.他承诺对各级政府进行改革。◆she reached a very high level at a very young age.她在很年轻时就晋升到非常高的级别。◆the decision is being made at top level.最高层正在做决策。■ position [countable, uncountable] the level of importance of a person or organization when compared with others地位；等级◆we need to improve the position of women and girls in these societies.我们需要提高女性在这些社会中的地位。◆the company has a dominant position in the world market.那家公司在全球市场占据主导地位。◆wealth and position are not important to her.财富与地位对她并不重要。■ rank [countable, uncountable] a position, especially an important position, that sb has in a particular organization or society; the position that sb has in one of the armed forces or the police（尤指较高的）地位，级别；军阶；警衔◆she rose through the ranks to become managing director (= she started in a low position).她从底层做起，一步步当上了常务董事。◆she was not used to mixing with people of high social rank.她不习惯和社会地位很高的人交往。◆he was promoted to the rank of major.他被提升至少校军衔。◆i gave them only my name, rank and serial number.我只给了他们我的名字、军衔和编号。■ status /steɪtəs, name also stætəs-->/ [uncountable, countable, usually singular] the social or professional position of sb/sth in relation to others, based on the amount of respect they get from other people地位；身分；职位◆the only jobs on offer were of low status and badly paid.仅有的在征人的工作地位低下，薪水很低。◆how do people perceive the status of the full-time mother?人们对全职母亲的地位怎么看？■ rating [countable] a measurement of how good, important, popular, etc. sb/sth is, especially in relation to other people or things等级，级别（质量、重要性、流行程度等的标准）◆it was a very good rating for an amateur performance.对业余演出来说，这是非常高的水平。◆the poll gave an approval rating of 39% for the president.民意调查表明公众对总统的支持率为 39%。 ➡ see also rate → rank verb , rate → judge verb 1 ■ standing [uncountable] the position or reputation of sb/sth within a group of people or in an organization地位；级别；身分；名声◆the prime minister needs to improve his standing with the public.首相需要提高他在公众中的声望。◆their standing as a profession has declined in recent years.他们的职业地位近年来一直在下降。■ ranking [countable] the position of sb/sth on a scale that shows how good or important they are compared with other people or things, especially in sport（尤指体育运动中的）地位，排名，排位◆she has retained her no. 1 world ranking.她保住了自己世界第一的排名。◆the product has consistently been given a high ranking by consumer groups.消费群体对该产品的评分一直很高。 ➡ see also rank → rank verb ■ grade [countable] a rank or level that sb has within an organization, often related to how much they are paid for doing their job（官衔的）级别；职别◆she's still only on a secretarial grade.她的职别仍然是秘书。◆the higher grades within the organization usually get bigger pay rises.在组织内部级别越高，薪水涨幅越大。class [countable] a group of people or things that have similar characteristics, especially when they are of a similar standard or quality种类；类别；（尤指）等级◆it was pretty cheap for this class of hotel.对这个档次的旅馆来说，这个价格很便宜。◆there are several distinct classes of drugs.有几种完全不同的毒品。◆dickens was in a different class from (= much better than) most of his contemporaries.与大多数同辈人相比，狄更斯出类拔萃。◆as a jazz singer she's in a class of her own (= there is no one as good as her).作为爵士乐歌手，她独树一帜，无人能及。 ➡ see also class → classify verb class [countable] (also classes [plural]) a series of lessons on a particular subject or in a particular skill（某科目或某种技能的系列）课程◆i'm taking a management class this semester.我这学期在上管理学课程。◆the college runs specialist language classes.这所学院开设有专门语言的课程。◆ (bre) are you still doing your french evening class?你还在上夜校学习法语吗？◆ (name) i'm taking night classes in art appreciation.我在夜校上艺术欣赏课程。 class [countable, uncountable] an occasion when a group of students meet to be taught课；上课◆i have an english class at 11.我 11 点钟有英语课。◆please see me after class.请下课后来见我。◆she works hard in class (= during lessons).她上课很用功。 class [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of students who are taught together班；班级◆we were in the same class at school.我们上学时同班。◆he finished top of the class (= got better results than all the others).他在班上名列前茅。◆the whole class was told to stay behind after school.全班被告知放学后留下。◆ (especially name) the class of 2008 (= a group of students who finished their studies at school or college in 2008) 2008 届毕业生◆ (name) the freshman / sophomore / junior / senior class大学或高中一年级／二年级／三年级／四年级 class [countable + singular or plural verb, uncountable] one of the groups of people in a society that are thought of as being at the same social or economic level; the way that people are divided into different social or economic groups阶级；阶层；社会等级◆his ideas had an appeal among the wealthy, professional classes.他的想法获得富裕的专业阶层认同。◆do you consider yourself to be middle class?你认为你属于中产阶级吗？◆a lot of british comedy is based on class differences.许多英国喜剧是以阶级差异为基础的。◆the old class system is not appropriate in a modern age.旧的等级制度不适用于现代。 ➡ see also the upper class → elite , the middle class → middle class noun , the working class → general public class [transitive, often passive] to think or decide that sb/sth is a particular type of person or thing把⋯看作；把⋯分类；把⋯归类◆prisoners classed as illiterate were given a basic education.为不识字的囚犯提供基础教育。◆i wouldn't have classed you as a shakespeare fan.我本不该把你归为莎士比亚迷。 ➡ see also class → category noun class [uncountable] (approving) an elegant quality or a high level of skill that is impressive优雅；典雅；高超◆she has class all right－she looks like a model.她的确丰姿娴雅 － 看上去像模特儿一样。◆there's a real touch of class about this team.这个队确实技艺超群。ⓘ class is used especially in the phrase a touch of class. things that have associations with impressive lasting quality are often used to add a touch of class to sth. * class 尤用于短语 a touch of class 中。add a touch of class 指增添高雅情调◆a real parquet floor will add a touch of class to the room.真正的拼花地板会使这个房间更显典雅。 ➡ see also classy → fashionable , classic → elegant class¹/klɑ:s; us klæs ||; klæs/noun1. [c] [with.sop] a group of students who are taught together 班级: ◇jane and i are in the same class at school. 珍妮在学校跟我同班。◇the whole class is/are going to the theatre tonight. 今晚整个班级去看戏。 2. [c,u] a lesson 上课；课: ◇classes begin at 9 o'clock in the morning. 早上9时开始上课。◇we watched an interesting video in class(= during the lesson)yesterday. 昨天我们在课堂上看了一部挺有趣的录像片。 3. [u] [c] the way people are divided into social groups; one of these groups 阶级；阶层: ◇the idea of class still divides british society. 当今的英国社会仍受阶级观念支配。◇class differences 阶级差异 4. [c] (technical术语) a group of animals, plants, words, etc of a similar type 类别；纲: ◇there are several different classes of insects. 昆虫有好些不同的纲。 a class is smaller than a phylum. 纲(class)小于门(phylum)。 5. [u] (informal 非正式) high quality or style 优等；上乘；优秀: ◇pele was a football player of great class. 比利是个一流的足球员。 6. [c] (especially in compounds 尤用于构成复合词) each of several different levels of service that are available to travellers on a plane, train, etc （飞机、火车等舱位或车厢的）等级: ◇a first-class carriage on a train 火车上的头等车厢◇he always travels business class. 他旅行总是坐商务舱。 7. [c] (brit 英) (used to form compound adjectives 用于构成复合形容词) a mark that you are given when you pass your final university exam 等，级（大学毕业考试的成绩）: ◇a first-/second-/third-class degree 一等╱二等╱三等学位 class²/klɑ:s; us klæs ||; klæs/verb [t] class sb/sth (as sth) to put sb/sth in a particular group or type 归类；分类；列为: ◇certain animals and plants are now classed as ‘endangered species’. 有些动植物现在被列为濒危物种。 classin school/college1 a group of students in a school, college etc2 the period of time during which a class is taught3 a series of lessons in one subjectclass in society4 someone's social class5 belonging to the highest class6 the middle class7 the lowest class8 to move into a higher social class9 someone who thinks they are better than people from a lower social classrelated wordssee alsoteach,learn,study,school/university,1. a group of students in a school, college etc 学校、学院等中的一群学生 class /klɑːsǁklæs/ [countable noun] a group of students or schoolchildren who are taught together 班，班级 there are twenty kids in the class. 班里有20个孩子。 she gets along well with the other children in her class. 她和班上其他孩子相处得很好。 i'm going out with some friends from my dance class. 我要和舞蹈班上的几个朋友一起出去玩。 i graduated in 1999. what class were you in? 我1999年毕业，你是哪个班的？ grade /greɪd/ [countable noun] a class or group of classes for children of a particular age in an american school ［美国学校里的］班；年级 third/seventh/twelfth etc grade she's in the fifth grade. 她念五年级。 i really liked my eighth grade math teacher. 我非常喜欢八年级时的数学老师。 the second grade class is doing a play about the pilgrims. 二年级那个班要演关于清教徒移民的戏。 third-/fourth-/fifth- etc grader /ˌθɜːʳd ˈgreɪdəʳ/ [countable noun] a child in the third, fourth, fifth etc grade 三年级/四年级/五年级等学生 according to the test, 40% of fourth-graders are not reading at the basic level. 根据这项测试，四年级的学生有40%未达到基本阅读水平。 form /fɔːʳm/ [countable noun] a class or a group of classes for all the children of the same age in a british school for children between 11 and 18 ［英国11至18岁儿童就读的中学的］班；年级 she's by far the brightest pupil in the form. 她是这个年级里最聪明的，远远超越其他学生。third/fourth/fifth etc form i'm in the third form. 我读中学三年级。 mrs davies took the fifth form to the science museum. 戴维斯女士带领中学五年级学生去了科学博物馆。 third-/fourth-/fifth- etc former /ˈθɜːʳd ˌfɒːʳməʳ/ [countable noun] a child in the third, fourth, fifth etc form 中学三年级/四年级/五年级等学生 some of the fifth-formers have started a rock band. 一些中学五年级学生成立了一个摇滚乐队。 year /jɪəʳ, jɜːʳǁjɪər/ [countable noun] all the classes for children of a particular age in a british school or for students in a particular year of study at a british university ［英国学校或大学里的］年级 he works a lot harder than most of the students in his year. 他比同年级大多数学生都用功得多。third/fourth/fifth etc year there are 130 children in the second year. 二年级有130个学生。 i hated teaching the fifth year. they were always causing trouble. 我讨厌教五年级。他们总是惹麻烦。 third-/fourth-/fifth- etc year /ˈθɜːʳd jɪəʳ/ [countable noun] a student in the third, fourth, fifth etc year 三/四/五等年级 a group of fourth-years are collecting money for food aid to africa. 一群四年级学生为了向非洲提供食物援助而在进行募捐活动。 set /set/ [countable noun] a class for children with a particular level of ability in a british school ［英国学校里按学生能力分的］组，教学班 she's in set one for maths and english and set two for history. 她的数学和英语在甲等班上，历史在乙等班上。 i was useless at school -- always in the bottom set in every subject. 我读书很差，每门科目都总在班上最末等。 we think you've improved sufficiently to go up to a higher set. 我们认为你进步了，能够升到高一级的班上。 freshman /ˈfreʃmən/ [countable noun] american someone who is in the first year at a high school or university 【美】［高中或大学的］一年级学生 we were only freshmen, so the older kids liked to pick on us. 我们才一年级，因此高年级的家伙喜欢欺负我们。freshman class/year/course etc chris remembers his freshman year at ucla as if it were yesterday. 克里斯记得他上加州大学洛杉矶分校一年级的日子，仿佛就在昨天。 sophomore /ˈsɒfəmɔːʳǁˈsɑː-/ [countable noun] american someone who is in the second year at a high school or university 【美】［高中或大学的］二年级学生 this class is mainly for freshmen and sophomores. 这个班主要是为一、二年级学生开设的。sophomore class/year etc george dropped out of college his sophomore year. 大学第二年，乔治退学了。 junior /ˈdʒuːniəʳ/ [countable noun] american someone who is in the third year at a high school or university 【美】［高中或大学的］三年级学生 a junior at nyu 纽约大学一名三年级学生junior class/year etc donna spent spring semester of her junior year in paris. 唐娜是在巴黎度过她在大学第三年的春季学期的。 senior /ˈsiːniəʳ/ [countable noun] american someone who is in the fourth and final year at a high school or university 【美】［高中或大学的］四年级学生，毕业班学生 i can't believe that cari is a high school senior already. 我不能相信卡里已经是高中毕业班学生了。senior class/year etc the entire senior class took a trip to disneyworld. 毕业班全体学生去迪斯尼世界玩。2. the period of time during which a class is taught 上课的一段时间 class /klɑːsǁklæs/ [countable/uncountable noun] a period of time, usually about 30 minutes to one hour, in which a teacher teaches a group of students 课［指上课时间］ heidi fainted during french class today! 今天上法语课时，海迪晕倒了！ let's go - i have my first class in 10 minutes! 一起走吧，我10分钟后要上第一堂课！ lesson /ˈlesən/ [countable noun] a period in which someone teaches one person or a group of people - use this especially about practical skills such as music, swimming, or driving, or in british english about a class in a school 一堂课，一节课［尤指音乐、游泳、驾驶等实用技能的课，英国英语中指校内的一节课］ dominic will be having his first driving lesson this thursday. 本周四，多米尼克将要上第一堂驾驶课。 she gives english lessons to business people in the evenings. 晚上她给商业界人士上英语课。 period /ˈpɪəriəd/ [countable noun] one of the periods of time that a school day is divided into ［学校一天的］学时，课时 at our school we have four periods in the morning and three in the afternoon. 我们学校上午上四节课，下午上三节课。double period british one class which lasts for two periods 【英】［同一科目］连续的两课 on monday mornings there was french, english, and then a double period of maths. 星期一上午有法语课、英语课，然后是连着的两节数学课。 session /ˈseʃən/ [countable noun] the period of time in which a particular subject or a particular area of a subject is taught, especially when this is one of a fixed number of classes ［某一学科或某一学科领域的］授课时间［尤指有固定课时］ we have 5 hours of english a week, including one session in the language laboratory. 我们每周上五小时的英语课，其中有一节课是在语音室上的。 lecture /ˈlektʃəʳ/ [countable noun] a long talk on a subject, given by a teacher at a college or university, and listened to by a large number of students ［学院或大学的］讲课，讲座 lecture on a lecture on the causes of the russian revolution 一场关于俄国革命起因的讲座give a lecture professor blair is giving a series of lectures on einstein's theories. 布莱尔教授在作有关爱因斯坦理论的系列讲座。 seminar /ˈsemɪnɑːʳ, ˈsemənɑːʳ/ [countable noun] a class, usually at a college or university, where a teacher and small group of students discuss a subject ［学院或大学内的］专题研讨班 seminar on every week we have a seminar on modern political theory. 每周我们都上现代政治理论研讨班。 tutorial /tjuːˈtɔːriəlǁtuː-/ [countable noun] a regular class at a british college or university during which a teacher discusses a particular subject with one student or with a small group of students ［英国学院或大学的］导师小组指导课 small group tutorials are used to discuss problems which come up in lectures. 小组指导课用于讨论讲座中出现的问题。 oxford's one-to-one tutorials are an effective but also costly way of teaching. 牛津大学一对一的个别指导课是一种行之有效但费用很高的教学方式。3. a series of lessons in one subject 一门学科的系列课程 course /kɔːʳs/ also class /klɑːs‖klæs/ [countable noun] are you enjoying the course? 你喜欢这门课吗？course in/on a course in music journalism 一门音乐新闻写作课language/computer/history etc course/class the college is offering three basic computer courses this year. 今年该学院开设三门基础计算机课程。take a course/class also do a course british informal she's taking a class in art history. 她在修读艺术史课程。4. someone's social class 某人的社会等级 class /klɑːsǁklæs/ [countable/uncountable noun] the social group that you belong to because of your job, the type of family you come from, or the amount of money you have 阶级，社会等级，阶层 success in this country seems to be based on class rather than on ability. 在这个国家，成功似乎靠的是社会等级而不是能力。 the professional and managerial classes 专业人士和经理阶层the class system the system by which society is divided into classes 阶级体系 the old class system is slowly disappearing. 旧的阶级体系正在慢慢淡化。social class the class in society you come from 社会等级 there is a clear link between social class and educational achievement. 社会等级与教育成就有明显的联系。class distinctions differences between social classes 阶级差别 some people argue that class distinctions do not exist in the u.s., but this is untrue. 有人论证说，美国不存在阶级差别，但这不是真的。 background /ˈbækgraʊnd/ [countable noun] the type of home and family you come from, and its social class 出身背景 the school takes kids from all sorts of backgrounds. 该校录取各种出身背景的孩子。 we come from the same town and share a similar background. 我们来自同一个镇，出身背景也相似。working-class/middle-class etc background the organization helps children from working-class backgrounds to go to university. 该组织帮助工人阶级出身的孩子上大学。 status /ˈsteɪtəsǁˈsteɪtəs, ˈstæ-/ [uncountable noun] someone's position in society, according to how much other people respect them, especially because of the kind of job they have ［尤指根据职业划分的］社会地位，身份 now that he was a bank manager, he wanted a car that would reflect his status. 既已当了银行经理，他想要一辆能显示自己社会地位的汽车。high/low status many mothers feel that they have very low status in today's society. 许多母亲觉得在当今社会，她们的地位很低。status symbol something that someone owns in order to show their high status 地位的象征 the latest mobile phones have become status symbols among teenagers. 在青少年中间，最新款的手机已成为身份的象征。 caste /kɑːstǁkæst/ [countable noun] a fixed division of people in society according to the family they are born into, especially within the hindu religion ［尤指在印度教中的］种姓，社会等级 in the south of india there are up to 20 different castes. 在印度南部，有多达20个不同的种姓。caste system buddha was a social reformer who condemned india's caste system. 佛陀是一位社会改革家，他谴责印度的种姓制度。5. belonging to the highest class 属于最高阶层的 upper-class /ˌʌpəʳ ˈklɑːs◂ǁ-ˈklæs◂/ [adjective] belonging to the class of people who originally had most of the money and power, especially families that own a lot of land 上层阶级的，上等阶层的；上流社会的 most senior politicians in the uk are from upper-class families. 英国的大多数资深政治家都出身于上流社会家庭。 he spoke with an upper-class accent. 他说话带有上流社会口音。 the upper class/the upper classes [singular or plural noun] people who are upper class: 上层阶级，上流社会 in south america, the upper classes tend to be of european origin. 在南美，上层阶级往往是欧洲人后裔。 aristocracy /ˌærɪˈstɒkrəsi, ˌærəˈstɒkrəsiǁ-ˈstɑː-/ [singular noun] the people who belong to families that own a lot of land, and used to have a lot of power, and have special titles before their names, like ‘lord’ or ‘lady’ - used especially when you are talking about the past 贵族［尤用于谈论过去］ the aristocracy daughters of rich merchants would often marry into the aristocracy. 富商的女儿常嫁入贵族世家。 aristocratic /ˌærɪstəˈkrætɪk◂, əˌrɪ-ǁəˌrɪ-/ [adjective] old aristocratic families 古老的贵族家庭 privileged /ˈprɪvɪlɪdʒd, ˈprɪvəlɪdʒd/ [adjective] having a high position in society that has special, and usually unfair, advantages such as power, money and the best education 享有特权的 in many countries today only a privileged minority get the chance of going to university. 在当今许多国家，只有少数享有特权的人才有机会上大学。 privilege [uncountable noun] her comments about immigrants revealed an astonishing sense of privilege and arrogance. 她关于移民的谈话暴露出她惊人的优越感和傲慢无理的态度。 elite /eɪˈliːt, ɪ-/ [countable noun with singular or plural verb in british english] a small group of rich and powerful people who have special, unfair advantages that other people do not have 上层人士，掌权人物；实力集团 the president has been accused of developing policies in favor of a small elite. 总统被指责制定迎合少数上层人士需要的政策。 the sort of goods once reserved for the elite are now available to everyone. 曾经供上层人士专用的商品现在任何人都能买到。 elitist [adjective] the british house of lords is seen by many as an elitist institution. 许多人认为英国上议院是上层人士组成的机构。 posh /pɒʃǁpɑːʃ/ [adjective] british spoken use this about someone who behaves and speaks in a way in which upper-class people usually behave or speak 【英口】［行为或口吻］上流社会的 will your posh university friends be coming tonight? 你那些派头十足的大学里的朋友今晚来吗？posh school/hotel/restaurant etc one that is very expensive, that rich people go to 贵族学校/高级酒店/高级餐馆等 she went to a posh girls’ school in switzerland. 她曾在瑞士一所女子贵族学校就读。6. the middle class 中等阶层的 middle-class /ˌmɪdl ˈklɑːs◂ǁ-ˈklæs◂/ [adjective] belonging to the class of people who are usually well educated, fairly rich, and who work in jobs which they have trained to do. for example, doctors, lawyers, and managers are middle-class 中产阶级的［如医生、律师、经理等］ the newspaper's readers are mostly middle class. 那份报纸的读者大都是中产阶级。 they live in a middle-class neighbourhood on the edge of town. 他们住在市郊的中产阶级住宅区。 the middle class/the middle classes [singular or plural noun] people who are middle class: 中产阶级 the government needs the support of the middle classes to win the next election. 该政府需要中产阶级的支持以赢得下次大选。 bourgeois /ˈbʊəʒwɑːǁbʊərˈʒwɑː/ [adjective] typical of richer middle-class people and their attitudes or way of life, especially their concern with money, property, and correct social behaviour 中产阶级的，资产阶级的 she rejected her parents’ conventional bourgeois lifestyle. 她拒绝接受父母那种传统的资产阶级生活方式。 they never married because they believed that marriage was a bourgeois institution. 他们从未结婚，因为他们认为婚姻是有产阶级的习俗。 the bourgeoisie /ðə ˌbʊəʳʒwɑːˈziː/ [] the class that owns most of the wealth, property, and industry - use this especially when you are talking about politics or history 中产阶级，资产阶级［尤在谈论政治或历史时用］ the poor viewed with envy the increasing wealth of the bourgeoisie. 穷人十分羡慕资产阶级不断增长的财富。 a revolution would be a threat to the nation's bourgeoisie. 革命是对该国资产阶级的威胁。 white-collar /ˌwaɪt ˈkɒləʳ◂ǁ-ˈkɑː-/ [adjective only before noun] white-collar worker/job/employee someone who works in an office, not a factory, mine etc 白领阶层的工作者/职业/雇员 the economic recession has put many white-collar workers in danger of losing their jobs. 经济衰退使许多白领工作者处于失业的危险之中。7. the lowest class 最低阶层的 working-class /ˌwɜːʳkɪŋ ˈklɑːs◂ǁ-ˈklæs◂/ [adjective] belonging to the class of people who do not have much money or power, and who have jobs where they do physical work. for example, factory workers, builders, and drivers are working-class 工人阶级的 most of the people who live round here are working class. 住在附近的大多数人都是工人阶级。 i come from a working-class family - i'm the first one to graduate from college. 我出身于工人阶级家庭—我是第一个大学毕业生。 the working class/the working classes [singular or plural noun] people who are working class: 工人阶级 cuts in welfare spending affect the working class most. 削减福利开支对工人阶级影响最大。 lower-class /ˌləʊəʳ ˈklɑːs◂ǁ-ˈklæs◂/ [adjective] an impolite word meaning belonging to the class that has less money, power, and education than anyone else 下层阶级的［不礼貌用语］ it has been shown that children of lower-class parents are less likely to do well at school. 事实表明，父母属于下层阶级的孩子学业优秀的可能性较小。 my mother's parents thought my father was terribly lower-class. 我的外祖父母认为我父亲的社会地位太低了。 the lower class/the lower classes [singular or plural noun] there was a time when tequila was a cheap product drunk only by the lower classes. 过去有一阵子，龙舌兰酒只是下层阶级的人喝的东西。 the masses /ðə ˈmæsə̇z/ [plural noun] all the ordinary people in society who do not have power or influence, especially when they are thought of as not being very educated ［尤指被认为文化层次不高的］群众，劳动群众 television has brought cheap entertainment to the masses. 电视向大众提供了廉价娱乐。 lenin's position depended on the support of the masses. 列宁的地位依赖于群众的支持。 blue-collar /ˌbluː ˈkɒləʳ◂ǁ-ˈkɑː-/ [adjective only before noun] blue-collar worker/job/employee someone who does physical work, for example in a factory or a mine, and does not work in an office 蓝领阶层的工人/职业/雇员 his political support comes mainly from blue-collar workers. 他的政治支持主要来自蓝领工人。 humble /ˈhʌmbəl/ [adjective] of (a) humble background/family/origins etc from a low social class and without much money, but often with a lot of determination to work hard and succeed 卑微的家庭出身等 the school had originally provided a good education for children of humble backgrounds. 起先该学校向出身卑微的孩子提供良好的教育。 eisenhower, nixon, and ford were all men of humble origins and no inherited wealth. 艾森豪威尔、尼克松和福特都出身卑微，没有财富可继承。 underclass /ˈʌndəʳklɑːsǁ-klæs/ [singular noun] the lowest social class, who are very poor and may not have jobs, homes etc 下层社会 the government has created an underclass who do not feel they have any rights in society. 这届政府造成了一个下层社会，他们感觉不到在社会中有任何权利。8. to move into a higher social class 进入更高的社会阶层 move/go up in the world /ˌmuːv, ˌgəʊ ˈʌp ɪn ðə ˌwɜːʳld/ [verb phrase] hillary was bright and ambitious and wanted to move up in the world. 希拉里聪明而且雄心勃勃，想提高自己的社会地位。 education, he believed, was the only way that anyone could move up in the world. 他认为教育是唯一能使人提高社会地位的手段。 upwardly mobile /ˌʌpwəʳdli ˈməʊbaɪlǁ-ˈməʊbəl/ [adjective phrase] someone who is upwardly mobile is in the process of moving into a higher class, especially because they have a well-paid job ［尤因有份高薪工作］社会地位正在提升的 a highly educated, upwardly mobile young woman 一个受过高等教育、社会地位正在提升的年轻女子 the dating agency specializes in finding partners for the young and upwardly mobile. 这家婚姻介绍所专门为社会地位正在提升的年轻人士寻找伴侣。 social climber /ˌsəʊʃəl ˈklaɪməʳ/ [countable noun] someone who wants very much to move into a higher social class, and tries to do this by becoming friendly with people who have more money and power than they do 结交权贵向上爬的人；努力挤进上流社会的人 the new private schools cater for the children of social climbers rather than those of the old upper classes. 这些新的私立学校投合向上爬的人的孩子所需，而不是老式上流社会孩子的需要。 the hotel lobby was full of the usual hangers-on and social climbers. 酒店的大堂里和平时一样，满是钻营拍马的人和一心向上爬的人。9. someone who thinks they are better than people from a lower social class 认为自己比较低社会阶层好的人 snobbish /ˈsnɒbɪʃǁˈsnɑːb-/ [adjective] someone who is snobbish thinks that they are better than people from a lower social class 势利眼的 snobbish home-owners are protesting about a refugee family moving into their street. 势利眼的房主们在抗议一个难民家庭搬进他们的街道。 aunt harriet was very rich and very snobbish. 哈丽雅特姑妈很有钱，而且很势利。 snob /snɒbǁsnɑːb/ [countable noun] someone who thinks that they are better than people from a lower social class, and does not want to talk to them or be friends with them 势利的人 my mother was such a snob she wouldn't let me play with the local children. 我母亲真是个势利眼，她不让我同当地小孩玩。 they're just a bunch of snobs - you wouldn't want to be friends with them anyway. 他们就是一群势利鬼—你反正不会想同他们交朋友的。 stuck-up /ˌstʌk ˈʌp/ [adjective] informal proud and unfriendly because you think you are better and more important than other people 【非正式】傲慢的，自以为了不起的 tanya is so stuck-up. she won't go out with anyone who went to a state college. 塔尼娅很傲慢，她不愿与州立大学的毕业生交往。 the spoiled, stuck-up daughter of a millionaire 一个百万富翁家被宠坏的、自以为了不起的女儿☞ class¹☞ class² |
| 随便看 |
|
英汉双解词典收录171353条英汉汉英双解翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。