| 单词 | scruffy |
| 释义 | scruffy adjectivescruffy ♦︎ messy ♦︎ dishevelled ♦︎ unkempt ♦︎ tangled ♦︎ tousled ♦︎ matted ♦︎ stragglythese words all describe sb/sth's appearance when it is untidy.这些词均表示不整洁的、肮脏的、凌乱的。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆a scruffy / a messy / a dishevelled / an unkempt appearance◆a scruffy / a dishevelled / an unkempt man / woman / child◆messy / dishevelled / unkempt / tangled / tousled / matted / straggly hair◆unkempt / tangled / straggly trees / bushes / hedges, etc.◆slightly scruffy / messy / unkempt■ scruffy (especially bre, rather informal, disapproving) (of a person, their clothes or general appearance) untidy（人、衣着或外表）不整洁的，邋遢的◆he looked a bit scruffy.他看上去有点邋遢。◆she was wearing her scruffy old jeans.她穿着脏兮兮的旧牛仔裤。opp smart → elegant ■ messy (name, disapproving) (of sb's hair, clothes or general appearance) untidy（头发、衣着或外表）肮脏的，凌乱的，不整洁的◆her long black hair was messy and dirty.她的黑色长发又脏又乱。■ dishevelled (bre) (name usually disheveled) (literary, disapproving) (of a person, their hair or general appearance) untidy（人、头发或外表）肮脏的，凌乱的，不整洁的◆she returned at 1 a.m. in a dishevelled state.凌晨 1 点，她衣衫不整地回来了。note 辨析 scruffy, messy or dishevelled? scruffy is much more frequent in british english than american english. messy, meaning 'untidy', is only used to describe sb's appearance in american english; in british english it can only describe a place. you can talk about a scruffy/dishevelled man/woman/child, but a messy man/woman/child is sb who makes a mess, not sb who looks untidy. a scruffy person, or sb with a messy appearance, is untidy because they have not taken care of their appearance. a dishevelled person has become untidy as a result of sth, for example being out in wind and rain. scruffy clothes are old and often dirty or with holes, etc.; messy clothes are untidy (in american english) or dirty (in british english). * scruffy 在英式英语中比在美式英语中要常用得多。messy 意为“不整洁的”，在美式英语中仅用于形容人的外表，在英式英语中仅用于形容场所。可以说 a scruffy/dishevelled man/woman/child （邋遢／衣冠不整的男人／女人／孩子），但 a messy man/woman/child 指缺少条理、乱放东西的人而非外表不整洁的人。用 scruffy 形容人或用 messy 形容外表时，指因不修边幅而显得邋遢； dishevelled 则表示外表邋遢事出有因，如遭遇了风雨等。scruffy 形容服装时指衣服又旧又脏，或者有破洞等； messy 形容服装时在美式英语中指不整洁，在英式英语中则指不干净。 ➡ see also messy → dirty , messy → untidy■ unkempt (formal, disapproving) (especially of sb's hair or general appearance) untidy because it is not well cared for（尤指头发或外表）不整洁的，凌乱的，不修边幅的◆he had greasy, unkempt hair.他的头发油乎乎乱蓬蓬的。◆behind the house was a wild and unkempt garden.房子后面有个荒芜凌乱的花园。■ tangled twisted together in an untidy way or with knots in缠结的；混乱的；紊乱的◆they had to fight their way through the tangled undergrowth.他们只能奋力穿过盘根错节的灌木丛。◆her hair was a tangled mass of damp curls.她的鬈发湿漉漉的乱作一团。◆three people were cut from the tangled wreckage of the train.有三人是把火车扭结在一起的残骸切开后才给解救出来的。ⓘ tangled can describe quite a lot of different things. typical collocates include hair, curls, mass, mess and words for plants such as trees, creepers and undergrowth. * tangled 可描述许多不同种类的东西，常见搭配词有 hair、curl、mass、mess 和一些植物名词，如 tree、creeper 和 undergrowth。■ tousled /taʊzld/ (written, often approving) (of sb's hair) untidy, especially in an attractive way（头发）蓬乱的（尤指好看的发型）◆she was an adorable child, with a tousled mass of dark curls.她是个惹人喜爱的孩子，一头黑色鬈发乱蓬蓬的。■ matted (of hair or fur) stuck together in a thick mass, especially after getting wet or dirty（尤指头发或毛皮变湿或变脏后）缠结的，蓬乱的◆the dog's coat easily becomes matted.狗的皮毛很容易变得脏湿蓬乱。◆the back of her head was matted with blood.她后脑勺上的头发因染血而缠结成一团。■ straggly (disapproving) (of hair or plants) growing or hanging in separate long thin bits that need cutting, in a way that is not tidy or attractive（头发）蓬乱不堪的；（植物）杂乱蔓生的◆she was a thin woman with straggly grey hair.她身体瘦削，灰发蓬乱。◆cut the hedge regularly to prevent it becoming straggly.树篱要定期修剪，以免杂乱蔓生。scruffy (especially bre, rather informal, disapproving) (of a person, their clothes or general appearance) untidy（人、衣着或外表）不整洁的，邋遢的◆he looked a bit scruffy.他看上去有点邋遢。◆she was wearing her scruffy old jeans.她穿着脏兮兮的旧牛仔裤。opp smart → elegant scruffy/ˈskrʌfi ||; ˈskrʌfɪ/adj dirty and untidy 不整洁的；邋遢的: ◇he always looks so scruffy. 他的外表总是很不整洁。◇scruffy jeans 肮脏的牛仔裤 scruffysee ⇨ untidy 2 scruf·fy /`skrʌfɪ; ˈskrʌfi/adjdirty and untidy 邋遢的:◇a scruffy kid 邋里邋遢的小孩◇a scruffy old pair of jeans 邋遢的旧牛仔裤 |
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