| 单词 | discipline |
| 释义 | discipline noun¹ 1training people to behave; behaving well纪律adjective | verb + discipline | discipline + noun | phrases adjective➤effective, firm, good, rigorous有效的／严格的／良好的／严苛的纪律◆we need better discipline in our schools.我们的学校需要更好的纪律。➤harsh, iron, rigid, strict苛严的纪律；铁的纪律；严格的纪律◆strict military discipline严格的军纪➤lax, poor松懈的纪律；差的纪律◆discipline was too lax.纪律太松懈了。➤student, team学生／团队纪律▸➤church, military, party, prison, school, social, work教规；军纪；党纪；监狱纪律；校纪；社会规约；工作纪律➤parental家规verb + discipline➤enforce, exercise, impose执行纪律；加诸纪律◆the discipline that the party exercises over its members该党对其党员实行的纪律➤instil/instill引入纪律◆we need someone who is good at instilling discipline.我们需要一个善于引入纪律的人。➤maintain维持纪律◆the teacher was unable to maintain discipline.那名老师无法维持纪律。➤submit to遵守纪律◆they submitted to the discipline imposed by their leaders.他们遵守领导制订的纪律。➤learn学会守纪律◆students have to learn discipline.学生要学会守纪律。➤have有纪律◆the school was criticized for having very poor discipline.该校被指责纪律很差。➤lack缺乏纪律约束◆modern schools lack discipline.现代学校缺乏纪律约束。➤need需要纪律约束◆she believes children need discipline.她认为孩子们需要纪律约束。➤restore恢复纪律discipline + noun➤problem纪律问题phrases➤a breach of discipline (especially bre) 违反纪律◆it's unfair to dismiss somebody for a single breach of discipline.一次违纪就开除，这不公平。➤a breakdown in discipline, a breakdown of discipline纪律的废弛◆a breakdown of discipline in the classroom课堂上秩序大乱➤a lack of discipline缺乏纪律➤order and discipline秩序和纪律◆he quickly brought order and discipline to the regiment.他很快使该团秩序井然、纪律严明。discipline noun² 2controlling yourself自律adjective | verb + discipline | phrases adjective➤good, great良好的自制力；出色的自控力◆it is good discipline to learn to delegate.学会下放权力是良好的素质。➤strict严格的自制▸➤personal自律▸➤mental, spiritual心理／精神约束➤physical身体约束▸➤business, commercial, financial, fiscal, industrial, market, monetary经营管理；商业约束；财政控制；工业控制；市场控制；货币控制◆the government has stabilized the economy through strict fiscal discipline.通过严格的财政控制，政府稳定了经济。➤message (= the practice of only talking about what is relevant to your aims, by a politician) (name) 信息控制verb + discipline➤have有自制力◆he'll never get anywhere working for himself－he has no discipline.他单干永远不会成功 － 他没有自我约束能力。➤show显示自制力▸➤lack缺乏自制力➤apply, bring克制自己◆something to help you bring discipline to your decision-making process有助于在决策过程中增加克制力的东西➤demand, require, take需要自制力◆it takes great discipline to learn a musical instrument.学习乐器需要高度的自律能力。phrases➤a lack of discipline缺乏自制discipline noun³ 3subject of study学科adjective | preposition | phrases adjective➤core, main, major核心科目；主要科目◆students are to be tested on the three core disciplines: mathematics, english and science.学生要考 3 门核心科目：数学、英语和自然科学。➤different, distinct, independent, individual, separate不同的／有区别的／独立的／个别的／单独的学科◆when did sociology emerge as a distinct discipline?社会学是何时成为独立学科的？➤established, traditional老牌的／传统的学科➤emerging, new新兴学科➤related相关学科◆social work and its related disciplines社会工作及相关学科➤academic, intellectual, scholarly学术科目；知识学科◆they established psychology as an academic discipline.他们确立了心理学的学科地位。➤professional (especially name) 专业学科▸➤humanities, science, scientific, etc.人文学科、理科等preposition➤across disciplines跨学科◆there is a lack of communication across disciplines (= between teachers and students of different subjects).不同学科之间缺乏交流。➤within a/the discipline在学科内部◆within a discipline there may be more than one school of thought.一个学科内可以有不止一个学派。phrases➤different disciplines, diverse disciplines不同的／形形色色的学科◆academics from diverse academic disciplines来自不同学科的学者➤multiple disciplines (especially name) 多学科◆experts in multiple disciplines多学科的专家➤a range of disciplines一系列学科◆the university offers a wide range of disciplines.大学设有许多不同的学科。discipline [countable] (formal) an area of knowledge; a subject that people study or are taught, especially at university知识领域；（尤指大学的）学科，科目◆scholars from various disciplines have been working on these problems.来自不同领域的学者一直致力于解决这些问题。discipline [uncountable] the practice of training people to obey rules and orders and punishing them if they do not; the controlled behaviour or situation that results from this training守纪训练；训导；纪律；风纪◆the school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.这所学校以纪律严明著称。◆strict discipline is imposed on army recruits.新兵受到严格的纪律训练。◆she keeps good discipline in class.她严格执行课堂纪律。 ➡ see also discipline → punish verb , disciplined → disciplined , self-discipline → restraint discipline /dɪsəplɪn/ [transitive] (rather formal) to punish sb for sth they have done惩罚；处罚◆the officers were disciplined for using racist language.这些警察因使用带有种族歧视的语言受到处罚。ⓘ a person can be disciplined by sb who has authority over them, for example, a child by a parent or teacher, a worker by an employer, or a soldier by an officer. * be disciplined 可指受到上级或长辈的处罚，如孩子被家长或教师处罚、工人被雇主处罚，或士兵被军官处罚等。 ➡ see also discipline → control noun discipline¹/ˈdɪsəplɪn ||; ˈdɪsəplɪn/noun1. [u] the practice of training people to obey rules and behave well 纪律: ◇a good teacher must be able to maintain discipline in the classroom. 好的老师必须能维持课堂的纪律。 2. [u] the practice of training your mind and body so that you control your actions and obey rules; a way of doing this 训练，磨练（使更能控制自己的行动并且遵守规则）；训练或磨练方法: ◇it takes a lot of self-discipline to study for three hours a day. 每天温习三小时需要很强的自律精神。◇having to get up early every day is good discipline for a child. 每天得早起对孩子来说是很好的锻炼。 3. [c] a subject of study; a type of sporting event 学科；体育项目: ◇barry's a good all-round athlete, but the long jump is his strongest discipline. 巴里是一名出色的全能运动员，但跳远是他最强的一项。 discipline²/ˈdɪsəplɪn ||; ˈdɪsəplɪn/verb[t] 1. to train sb to obey and to behave in a controlled way 训练，磨练（使服从并能克制自己的行为）: ◇you should discipline yourself to practise the piano every morning. 你应该管束自己，每天早上都要练习钢琴。 2. to punish sb 惩罚；处罚 disciplinesee ⇨ punish 1 ⇨ subject 3☞ discipline¹☞ discipline² |
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