| 单词 | calm |
| 释义 | calm noun¹ 1peaceful situation/manner/feeling局势安定；心平气和adjective | verb + calm | calm + verb | phrases adjective➤apparent表面上的平静◆under his apparent calm lay real anxiety.他看起来很平静，其实内心非常不安。➤inner内心的平静◆the pursuit of inner calm追求内心的宁静➤uneasy令人不安的平静▸➤forced强作镇静◆with a forced calm she said, 'how do you know?'她强作镇静地问道：“你是怎么知道的？”➤dead死寂◆she felt not fear, but a kind of dead calm.她感到的不是害怕，而是一种死寂。➤deadly, deathly, eerie, icy非常平静；冷漠而镇静◆'i'm calling the police!' he stated with deadly calm.他极其镇静地说：“我要叫警察！”verb + calm➤appeal for, call for呼吁镇静◆the government appealed for calm after the riots broke out.骚乱爆发之后政府呼吁人们镇静。➤restore恢复平静◆calm had been restored to the capital.首都恢复了平静。➤maintain, regain保持／恢复镇静◆he struggled to maintain his calm as they waited.他们在等待的时候他努力保持镇静。➤shatter打破平静◆the calm was shattered by the sound of an explosion.爆炸声打破了宁静。calm + verb➤descend, settle平静来临◆after the bomb, an uneasy calm settled on the city.爆炸发生后，城里笼罩着一种令人不安的平静。phrases➤a period of calm一段时间的平静calm noun² 2at sea海面adjective➤dead, flat (especially bre) 风平浪静◆the water was a dead calm.水面风平浪静。◆seals basked on boulders in a flat calm.海面风平浪静，海豹在巨石上晒太阳。calm adjectiveverbs | adverb | preposition | phrases verbs➤appear, be, feel, look, seem, sound显得镇静；平静；感觉平静；看上去镇静；好像平静；听起来镇静◆i may have appeared calm but i certainly didn't feel it.我可能看起来很平静，但实际上并不感觉如此。➤become变得镇静▸➤keep, remain, stay保持镇静◆sit down and keep calm!坐下，保持镇静！◆the pilot urged the passengers to remain calm.飞行员力劝乘客保持镇静。➤keep sb使某人保持平静◆keep the patient calm.让病人保持平静。adverb➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.极其／相当／非常平静▸➤remarkably非常镇静◆you seem remarkably calm.你看起来极其镇静。➤completely, perfectly十分镇静◆her voice was firm and perfectly calm.她的声音坚定而镇静。➤outwardly表面上平静◆the voice sounded outwardly calm.这声音表面上听起来很平静。➤strangely出奇地平静◆the pain had receded and he felt strangely calm.痛苦减退了，他感到出奇地平静。➤dead寂静无声◆the sea was dead calm.海上风平浪静。preposition➤about对⋯镇静◆she seemed pretty calm about it.对于此事，她似乎非常镇静。phrases➤calm and collected, cool, calm and collected镇定自若◆he remained at all times cool, calm and collected.他总是镇定自若。 calm verbcalm ♦︎ soothe ♦︎ appease ♦︎ placate ♦︎ pacify ♦︎ calm sb downthese verbs all mean to make sb feel more relaxed and less anxious, excited, angry or upset.这些动词均表示使安静、安抚、宽慰。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to calm sb / soothe sb / appease sb / placate sb / pacify sb / calm sb down with sth◆to calm / soothe your nerves◆to soothe / appease your conscience■ calm [transitive] to make sb/sth become quiet and more relaxed, especially after strong emotion or excitement（尤指情绪激动或兴奋过后）使平静，使镇静◆have some brandy; it'll calm your nerves.喝点白兰地吧，能放松你的神经。▸ calming adjective◆his presence had a calming influence.有他在场稳定了大家的情绪。■ soothe /suːð/ [transitive] to make sb who is anxious, upset or nervous feel calmer and more relaxed安慰；抚慰；劝慰◆the music soothed her for a while.音乐让她稍微安静了一会儿。◆he soothed my worries by promising that we could visit whenever we wanted.他答应我们可以随时拜访，这减轻了我的忧虑。▸ soothing adjective◆he placed an arm around her shoulder, and spoke in a soothing voice.他用胳膊搂着她的肩，以安慰的语气说起话来。▸ soothingly adverb◆'there's no need to worry,' he said soothingly.“不必担忧。”他宽慰道。■ appease /əpiːz/ [transitive] (formal, usually disapproving) to make sb calmer or less angry by giving them what they want安抚；抚慰◆the move was widely seen as an attempt to appease critics of the regime.普遍认为，这一举措是试图安抚批评政权的人。◆even dismissing them had not appeased his anger.即便开除了他们都没能平息他的怒气。■ placate /pləkeɪt; name pleɪkeɪt/ [transitive] to make sb feel calmer and less angry about sth安抚；平息（怒气）◆the concessions did little to placate the students.这些让步根本没能平息学生的愤怒。▸ placatory /pləkeɪtəri; name pleɪkətɔːri/ adjective◆ (formal) a placatory remark / smile / gesture抚慰的话／微笑／姿态■ pacify /pæsɪfaɪ/ [transitive] to make sb who is angry or upset become calm and quiet使平静；平息；抚慰◆the baby could not be pacified.怎么也不能让婴儿安静下来。◆the announcement was designed to pacify the irate crowd.这个通告的目的是安抚愤怒的群众。note 辨析 placate or pacify?both these verbs suggest that you bring peace to a person or situation, but pacify can emphasize a person's angry behaviour, while placate emphasizes their angry feelings.这两个词均指安抚某人或平息局势，但 pacify 强调安抚愤怒的行为，而 placate 强调平复愤怒的情绪。■ calm sb down -->phrasal verbto make sb become calm使（某人）平静，镇静，安静◆i put my arm around her and tried to calm her down.我搂着她，试图让她平静下来。◆he took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.他深呼吸了几下，使自己平静下来。 calm adjective ➡ see also the entry for casual另见 casual 条calm ♦︎ patient ♦︎ cool ♦︎ relaxed ♦︎ controlled ♦︎ easy-going ♦︎ placid ♦︎ laid-back ♦︎ unperturbed ♦︎ unfazed ♦︎ composedthese words all describe sb who controls their emotions and is not excited, anxious or angry.这些词均表示情绪平静的、不急不怒的。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆calm / patient / cool / easy-going / laid-back about sth◆unperturbed / unfazed by sth◆a calm / a cool / a relaxed / a controlled / an easy-going / a laid-back manner◆a calm / cool / relaxed / controlled / placid voice◆a calm / a cool / a relaxed / a controlled / an easy-going way◆a calm / cool / placid exterior◆a relaxed / an easy-going / a laid-back atmosphere■ calm not excited, anxious or upset镇静的；沉着的◆strangely, she felt quite calm about it.奇怪的是，她对此感到非常平静。◆it is important to keep calm in an emergency.紧急情况下保持镇静很重要。◆she handled the situation with calm assurance.她沉着自信地应付了局面。opp agitated → restless , excitable → moody ➡ see also calm → composure noun ▸ calmly adverb◆'i'll call the doctor,' he said calmly.“我去请医生。”他镇定地说。■ patient able to wait for a long time or accept annoying behaviour without becoming angry有耐心的；能忍耐的◆you'll just have to be patient and wait till i'm finished.你得耐心等我完成。◆she's very patient with the children.她对孩子特别有耐心。 opp impatient → restless ➡ see also patience → patience ▸ patiently adverb◆to listen / sit / wait patiently耐心倾听／坐着／等待■ cool not excited, angry or emotional冷静的；镇静的；平静的◆keep cool. we'll sort this out.保持冷静，我们会解决这件事的。◆she tried to remain cool, calm and collected.她试图保持冷静、沉着、镇定。◆he has a cool head (= he stays calm in an emergency).他头脑冷静。 ➡ see also cool → composure noun ■ relaxed not anxious or worried放松的；冷静的；镇定的◆i had to learn to be more relaxed about things.我必须学会更加从容处事。◆she appeared relaxed and confident before the match.比赛前，她显得镇静而自信。opp nervous → nervous , nervous → worried note 辨析 calm, cool or relaxed? relaxed describes how you feel about sth: you are genuinely not anxious or worried about it. cool is used more to describe how sb behaves: whether or not they feel angry or emotional, they don't let it affect their behaviour but continue to think clearly and act sensibly. calm can describe feelings or behaviour. * relaxed 形容对事的感受，遇事不着急、不焦虑； cool 多形容人的行为，无论是否生气或激动，行为都不受影响，仍能继续冷静思考，理智行动； calm 既可形容感觉也可形容行为。■ controlled remaining calm and not getting angry or upset, especially by making a special effort to do so（尤指尽力地）保持冷静的，克制的◆he spoke in a controlled, even voice.他用克制而平和的声音说话。■ easy-going relaxed and happy to accept things without worrying or getting angry悠闲的；随和的；不慌不忙的◆his friends described him as an easy-going person.他的朋友形容他是个随和的人。ⓘ easy-going is used especially to describe sb's personality and the way they behave usually, rather than in a particular situation or on a particular occasion. * easy-going 尤用于描述某人的个性和一般情况下的表现，而非某一特定情况下的行为。 opp uptight → tense ➡ see also tolerant → tolerant ■ placid /plæsɪd/ (of a person or animal) not easily excited or irritated（人或动物）温和的，平和的，文静的◆the cattle are placid, so easy to work with.这群牛性情温顺，很容易饲养。◆my second child was a placid baby.我第二个孩子是个文静的宝宝。 opp high-spirited ⓘ high-spirited animals, especially horses, are lively and difficult to control. * high-spirited 指动物，尤其是马，性子很烈，难以控制。 ▸ placidly adverb◆'of course,' said helen placidly.“当然。”海伦平静地说道。■ laid-back (rather informal) calm and relaxed; seeming not to worry about anything安详放松的；看起来无忧无虑的◆steve was very laid-back about it all.史蒂夫对这一切都很漫不经心。◆he loved the laid-back caribbean lifestyle.他喜欢加勒比海地区悠闲的生活方式。■ unperturbed /ʌnpətɜːbd; name ʌnpərtɜːrbd/ [not usually before noun] not worried or anxious, especially when sth surprising or unpleasant happens不担忧；镇定自若；处变不惊◆she seemed unperturbed by the news.她听到消息后似乎并不惊慌。■ unfazed /ʌnfeɪzd/ [not usually before noun] (rather informal) not worried or surprised by sth unexpected that happens不担忧；不惊慌◆the president seems unfazed by the ongoing crises around the world.总统对世界各地持续发生的危机似乎并不担心。■ composed /kəmpəʊzd; name kəmpoʊzd/ [not usually before noun] calm and in control of your emotions镇静；镇定；平静◆she sat with a book on her lap, apparently quite composed.她坐着，腿上有本书，看上去很平静。opp flustered → restless ➡ see also composure → composure calm [transitive] to make sb/sth become quiet and more relaxed, especially after strong emotion or excitement（尤指情绪激动或兴奋过后）使平静，使镇静◆have some brandy; it'll calm your nerves.喝点白兰地吧，能放松你的神经。▸ calming adjective◆his presence had a calming influence.有他在场稳定了大家的情绪。 calmnot excited, anxious or upset镇静的；沉着的◆strangely, she felt quite calm about it.奇怪的是，她对此感到非常平静。◆it is important to keep calm in an emergency.紧急情况下保持镇静很重要。◆she handled the situation with calm assurance.她沉着自信地应付了局面。opp agitated → restless , excitable → moody ➡ see also calm → composure noun ▸ calmly adverb◆'i'll call the doctor,' he said calmly.“我去请医生。”他镇定地说。 calm [uncountable] a quiet and relaxed manner, in control of your feelings and behaviour平静；镇静；沉着◆alex spoke with studied calm.亚历克斯故作平静地说话。◆her previous calm gave way to terror.她原先的平静转为恐惧。 ➡ see also calm → calm adj. calm [uncountable, singular] a situation in which there is no violence, angry protests or arguments（没有暴力、抗议或争吵的）平静，宁静（的状态）◆the police appealed for calm.警方呼吁保持冷静。◆an uneasy calm descended on the streets.街上有一种令人不安的宁静。 ➡ see also calm → quiet adj. 1 calm(of the sea) without large waves; (of the weather) without wind; (of the atmosphere in a place) without noise or violent feeling（海洋）风平浪静的；（天气）无风的；（气氛）平静的◆a calm, cloudless day晴朗无风的一天◆the city is calm again (= free from trouble and fighting) after yesterday's riots.昨天的骚乱过后，城里又恢复了平静。opp rough → rough 2 ⓘ the opposite, rough, only describes the sea and the weather, not times or places. * calm 的反义词 rough 只可描述海洋和天气，不能描述时期和地方。 ➡ see also calm → peace noun , calm → silence noun calm [uncountable, countable] a quiet and peaceful time or situation平静的时期；宁静的状态◆we sat together for a while in the calm of the evening.在宁静的夜晚，我们一起坐了一会。 ➡ see also calm → quiet adj. 1 calm¹/kɑ:m;kɑ:lm||; kɑm/adj1. not excited, worried or angry; quiet 镇静的；冷静的: ◇try to keep calm -- there's no need to panic. 要冷静，没有什么可惊慌的。◇she spoke in a calm voice. 她话说得不慌不忙。◇the city is calm again after last night's riots. 昨晚的暴乱过后，市内又恢复了平静。 2. without big waves 浪不大: ◇a calm sea 宁静的大海 [opp] rough 反义词为 rough 3. without much wind 风不大: ◇calm weather 平静无风的天气 ➔calmly adv ➔calmness noun [u]calm²/kɑ:m ||; kɑm/verb [i,t] calm (sb/sth) (down) to become or to make sb quiet or calm （使）平静下来: ◇calm down! shouting at everybody won't help. 冷静点！对什么人都乱喊乱叫有什么用！◇i did some breathing exercises to calm my nerves. 我做了几次深呼吸以平息紧张的情绪。 calm³/kɑ:m ||; kɑm/noun [c,u] a period of time or a state when everything is peaceful 宁静；谧静: ◇after living in the city, i enjoyed the calm of country life. 我在城市生活一段时间以后，喜欢上了乡间生活的宁静。 calm1 calm in a difficult situation2 usually calm3 to become calm4 to make someone calmer5 what you say to someone when you want them to be calmrelated wordsa calm, quiet place 安静的地方 peaceful,see alsoquiet,relax/relaxed,1. calm in a difficult situation 在困境中保持镇静 calm /kɑːmǁkɑːm, kɑːlm/ [adjective] not getting angry or upset, even in a difficult situation 镇静的，沉着的 i was trying to sound calm even though i was very upset. 尽管我十分不安，但我尽量使自己的声音听上去镇定自若。 everyone praised douglas for the calm way in which he handled the situation. 道格拉斯冷静地处理这局面，得到了每个人的称赞。keep/stay calm keep calm and try not to panic. 保持镇静，不要慌。 calmly [adverb] ‘you can't make me leave,’ he said calmly. “你是无法让我离开的。”他镇定地说。 stay cool/keep cool /ˌsteɪ ˈkuːl, ˌkiːp ˈkuːl/ [adjective] to stay calm and not show your emotions, especially when other people are getting excited or angry 保持冷静［尤指在其他人兴奋或生气时］ sampras is the kind of player who always manages to stay cool, even under pressure. 桑普拉斯是那种始终头脑冷静的选手，即使在压力下也能如此。keep your cool not become angry 沉住气 he managed to keep his cool and ignore her last comments. 他沉住了气，没去理会她最后几句话。 coolly [adverb] she walked coolly up to the front of the hall and picked up the microphone. 她从容地走到会堂前排，拿起话筒。 keep your head /ˌkiːp jɔːʳ ˈhed/ [verb phrase] to manage to stay calm and to behave in a sensible way when something is likely to make you feel frightened or worried ［某事可能令人害怕或担心时］保持镇静 paul's good at keeping his head in a crisis. 保罗总能在危机面前保持镇静。 they were looking for a coach who could stay enthusiastic and keep his head at the same time. 他们在找一个既有热情同时又能保持镇静的教练。 composed /kəmˈpəʊzd/ [adjective] in control of your emotions so that you look and feel calm in a difficult or upsetting situation ［在困境或令人不安的情况中］平静的；沉着的 i could see that she was angry but trying to remain composed. 我看得出她生气了，却在设法克制。 it was several minutes before he felt composed enough to speak to anyone. 过了几分钟后他才平静下来，觉得能和别人交谈了。 presence of mind /ˌprezəns əv ˈmaɪnd/ [noun phrase] the ability to stay calm that makes someone able to do the right thing immediately even in a dangerous or difficult situation ［危急情况或困境中表现出的］镇定自若，遇事不慌 his presence of mind prevented a serious accident. 他的沉着镇定使一起严重的事故免于发生。presence of mind to do something i'm still amazed that a terrified 19-year-old would have the presence of mind to reason with her kidnapper. 一个受惊的19岁少女能够沉住气与绑架她的人讲道理，这仍然让我感到惊奇。 unfazed/not fazed /ʌnˈfeɪzd, nɒt ˈfeɪzd/ [adjective] informal calm in a difficult situation, especially one in which someone is trying to confuse or upset you 【非正式】［尤指被他人烦扰时］沉着的，泰然自若的；没被困窘住的；若无其事的 barton seemed unfazed by the accusations of corruption. 面对收受贿赂的指控，巴顿似乎若无其事。 a few traders are concerned by the recent drop in the stock market, but most are not fazed. 一些交易人受到最近股市下挫的影响，但大多数都没有惊慌失措。 level-headed /ˌlevəl ˈhedə̇d◂/ [adjective] able to behave sensibly, think clearly, and remain calm, even in a difficult situation ［在困境中］稳健的，头脑冷静的 a good pilot needs to be calm and level-headed. 一名优秀的飞行员必须头脑冷静、行事稳健。 he had a level-headed approach to financial matters. 他处理经济上的事态度冷静。2. usually calm 性情平和 calm /kɑːmǁkɑːm, kɑːlm/ [adjective] always sensible and relaxed, rather than getting angry, excited, or upset in a difficult situation ［困境中］冷静的；镇定的 joe is a very calm and competent flying instructor. 乔是个非常镇定的称职的飞行教练。 my sister was always calm and careful, whereas i would get excited and upset by the slightest thing. 我姐姐总是头脑冷静、做事谨慎，但我碰到一点小事就会情绪激动、心情烦躁。 he has such a calm soothing voice - i could listen to him all night. 他的声音平缓，令人舒畅—我愿意听他讲一晚上。 relaxed /rɪˈlækst/ [adjective] someone who is relaxed is calm and does not seem to be worried about anything, and it is pleasant for other people to be with them 随和的，轻松自在的 george greeted us in his friendly relaxed way. 乔治友好、随和地同我们打招呼。 you seem much more relaxed since you changed jobs. 换工作以后你似乎轻松多了。 laid-back /ˌleɪd ˈbæk◂/ [adjective] informal always relaxed and never seeming to worry about things that other people worry about 【非正式】悠闲自在的 sue's always had a laid-back attitude toward life. 休对生活的态度一向悠然从容。 he's very laid-back and lets the kids do whatever they want. 他极其泰然，孩子们想怎样就怎样。 placid /ˈplæsɪd, ˈplæsəd/ [adjective] always calm and satisfied and not often getting upset, angry, excited etc about anything 平和的，温和的 she's a sweet, placid child who rarely gets upset or angry. 她是个可爱、安静的孩子，很少有烦躁或生气的时候。 there was a worried look on her normally placid face. 她一向平和的脸上露出了担忧的神情。3. to become calm 平静下来 calm down /ˌkɑːm ˈdaʊn/ [intransitive phrasal verb] to become calm again after you have been angry or upset ［生气或不安后］镇静下来 i waited for him to calm down before i said anything. 我等他镇静下来才开口说话。 he sat down and exhaled slowly, trying to calm down. 他坐下，缓缓呼出一口气，试图镇静下来。 cool down/off /ˌkuːl ˈdaʊn, ˈɒf/ [intransitive phrasal verb] to calm down after you have been very angry ［指在非常恼怒之后］冷静下来，恢复平静 leave her alone until she cools down a bit. 不要管她，让她冷静下来。 i think you should both cool off, and maybe then you can sit down and discuss it rationally. 我想你们俩都应该冷静下来，到时或许能够坐下来好好谈谈。 compose yourself /kəmˈpəʊz jɔːʳself/ [verb phrase] to deliberately make yourself look and feel calm after you have been upset ［在烦恼之后］努力使自己平静下来［恢复平静］ she took several deep breaths to compose herself before going downstairs. 她做了几次深呼吸，让自己平静下来才下楼。 he waited a moment outside the door so that philip would have time to compose himself. 他在门外等了一会儿，好让菲利浦有时间使自己平静下来。 steady your nerves /ˌstedi jɔːʳ ˈnɜːʳvz/ [verb phrase] especially british if you do something, especially have an alcoholic drink, to steady your nerves, you do it to make yourself calm 【尤英】［尤指通过喝酒］使自己冷静下来，恢复镇静 they finally found him in the bar, where he had gone to steady his nerves. 他们最后发现他在酒吧里喝酒镇定情绪。4. to make someone calmer 使某人平静下来 calm down /ˌkɑːm ˈdaʊn/ [transitive phrasal verb] to make someone calm, especially after they have suddenly become angry or excited 使某人平静下来［尤指在此人突然恼怒或激动之后］ calm somebody down lois spent about an hour trying to calm him down. 洛伊丝用了一个小时左右的时间想使他平静下来。 i laid my hands on her shoulders to calm her down, but she pushed me away. 我把双手搭在她肩上想让她平静下来，可她把我推开了。calm down somebody the coach called a time-out to calm down the players. 教练叫了暂停，让队员们平静一下。 calm /kɑːmǁkɑːm, kɑːlm/ [transitive verb not in passive] to make someone calm when they are worried and upset 使平静；使镇定［指某人担忧、不安时］ we were all very concerned and did our best to calm her. 我们都很担心，尽力使她镇定。 his lawyer's assurances that he would be found not guilty did little to calm him. 律师保证他无罪，但未能令他镇定下来。5. what you say to someone when you want them to be calm 叫某人平静下来时说的话 calm down /ˌkɑːm ˈdaʊn/ spoken say this when someone is angry, upset, or excited and you want them to think calmly or speak calmly again 【口】镇静点［某人生气、不安或激动时对他说的话］ calm down! everything's going to be ok. 镇静点！一切都会好的。 if you don't calm down, mom's going to know something's wrong. 要是你不镇静的话，妈妈就会知道出事了。 relax /rɪˈlæks/ spoken say this to someone who is worried or frightened about something, in order to stop them worrying 【口】放松点，别紧张［某人担忧或害怕时对他说的话］ relax! this won't hurt at all. 别紧张！一点都不疼。 you can relax now - it's all over. 现在你可以放松了—都结束了。 take it easy /ˌteɪk ɪt ˈiːzi/ spoken informal say this when someone is angry or upset, and you want to stop them saying or doing anything stupid 【口，非正式】别生气，不要放在心上 hey, take it easy! nobody's saying you're not good at your job. 嘿，别生气了！没人说你工作不好。 it's okay/it's all right /ɪts əʊˈkeɪ, ɪts ˌɔːl ˈraɪt/ spoken say this to someone to make them stop being worried 【口】没事，别怕［叫某人不要担心时说的话］ it's okay, chris, he's gone now. 没事了，克丽丝，他走了。 it's all right, don't cry, mummy's here. 别怕，不要哭，妈妈在这儿。 chill out/chill /ˌtʃɪl ˈaʊt, tʃɪl/ spoken informal say this when someone is getting very nervous or worried, especially in a way that is annoying or unreasonable, and you want them to be calm - used especially by young people 【口，非正式】放松点，别紧张［尤为年轻人使用］ ok, it's all right - just chill out! 好了，没事的—放松点！ just chill for a second - i'll figure something out. 别担心—我会想到办法的。☞ calm¹☞ calm²☞ calm³ |
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