| 单词 | have |
| 释义 | have /hæv/ verb ●be had (informal) if you have been had, you have been cheated or tricked 被骗◆you've been had—it's not worth that much. 你被骗了 ── 它根本不值那么多钱。☞ havehave verb 1➤have a new car/coat/job有一辆新车；有一件新外衣；有一份新工作➤have an ability/two children有能力；有两个孩子➤have an accident出事故➤have a meeting/party/conversation举行会议／聚会；进行谈话have ♦︎ have got ♦︎ own ♦︎ hold ♦︎ possessthese words all mean to have sth that belongs to you.这些词均表示拥有。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to have / have got / own / possess a car / house◆to have / have got / own a company◆to have / have got / hold a driving licence / passport◆to have / have got money◆to own / hold sth legally / jointly■ have (has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to have sth as a possession; to have sth that belongs to you有；持有；拥有◆he had a new car and a boat.他有一辆新车和一条船。◆i don't have that much money on me.我身上没带那么多钱。◆she has a ba in english.她拥有英语学士学位。▸ the haves noun [plural] ◆the division between the haves and the have-nots (= between the people who have enough money and possessions and those who don't) 富人和穷人之间的差异■ have got -->(has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (especially bre) (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to have sth有；持有；拥有◆he's got a new job.他有了一份新工作。◆we haven't got much time, i'm afraid.恐怕我们没有很多时间。◆have you got a belt i could borrow?你有腰带可以借给我吗？note 辨析 have or have got?there is no difference in meaning between these two verbs, but have got is not often used in american english. it is common in british english, especially in spoken and informal written language and especially in the present tense. in the past tense, a form of have is used more often than the forms had got and hadn't got.这两个动词含义无差别，但是 have got 一般不用于美式英语，但常用于英式英语，尤其常见于口语和非正式书面语，特别用于现在时。过去时中，have 的过去式比 had got 和 hadn't got 常用◆he had a house by the sea.他在海边有座住宅。◆he had got a house by the sea. ◆did you have this toy when you were a child?你小时候有这样的玩具吗？◆we didn't have enough bedrooms.我们的卧室不够住。◆ (less frequent) i hadn't got a car at the time.我那时候没车。■ own [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to have sth that legally belongs to you, especially because you have bought it拥有，有（尤指买来的东西）◆do you own your house or do you rent it?你的房子是自己的，还是租的？◆i don't own anything of any value.我没有什么值钱的东西。◆most of the apartments are privately owned.多数公寓都是私人的。◆an american-owned company一家美资公司◆don't tell me what to do－you don't own me!别支使我 － 我又不是卖身给你！■ hold (held, held) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (rather formal) to have or own sth, especially money, shares or official documents拥有，持有（尤指钱、股份或官方文件）◆employees hold 30% of the shares.员工持有 30% 的股份。◆the company has held the advertising contract since 2005.这家公司自 2005 年起一直拥有这份广告合同。◆applicants must hold a full driving licence.申请人必须持有正式驾照。ⓘ you can also hold an opinion, views, a job, position or office or a record or title. * hold 可以后跟 opinion、view、job、position、office、record、title 等◆he holds strange views on education.他对教育的看法很不一般。◆how long has he held office?他任职多久了？◆she held the title of world champion for three years.她世界冠军的头衔保持了三年。■ possess [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (formal) to have or own sth, especially sth special or valuable有，拥有（尤指特殊或昂贵的物品）◆he was charged with possessing a shotgun without a licence.他被控无照持有猎枪。◆i'm afraid this is the only suitcase i possess.恐怕我只有这一个箱子。◆the gallery possesses a number of the artist's early works.这家画廊藏有一些那位画家的早期作品。 ➡ see also possession → thing 3 have verb 2➤have a new car/coat/job有一辆新车；有一件新外衣；有一份新工作➤have an ability/two children有能力；有两个孩子➤have an accident出事故➤have a meeting/party/conversation举行会议／聚会；进行谈话have ♦︎ have got ♦︎ enjoy ♦︎ possess ♦︎ boast ♦︎ be endowed with sth ♦︎ be blessed with sb/sththese words and expressions all mean to show a particular quality or feature.这些词语均表示显示出某种性质或特征。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to have / have got / possess / be blessed with charm / talent / charisma◆to have / have got / possess / be endowed with intelligence◆to have / have got / possess beauty◆to have / have got / enjoy / possess / be endowed with / be blessed with an / the ability to do sth◆to have / have got / possess / be endowed with / be blessed with a talent (for sth)◆to have / have got / be blessed with a child■ have (has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to show a quality or feature; used to show a particular relationship显示出，带有（性质或特征）；（表示关系）有◆the ham had a smoky flavour.这火腿有一种烟熏的香味。◆the car has four-wheel drive.这部车是四轮驱动的。◆they have a lot of courage.他们胆量超人。◆do you have a client named peters?你们有一位名叫彼得斯的客户吗？■ have got -->(has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (especially bre) (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to have sth显示出，带有（性质或特征）；（表示关系）有◆he's got a front tooth missing.他有一颗门牙掉了。◆has the house got a garden?这所房子有花园吗？◆i've got three children and two cats!我有三个孩子和两只猫！note 辨析 have or have got?there is no difference in meaning between these two verbs, but have got is not often used in american english. it is common in british english, especially in spoken and informal written language and especially in the present tense. in the past tense, a form of have is used more often than the forms had got and hadn't got.这两个动词含义无差别，但是 have got 一般不用于美式英语，但常用于英式英语，尤其常见于口语和非正式书面语，特别用于现在时。过去时中，have 的过去式比 had got 和 hadn't got 常用◆he had got a special talent. ◆you had blond hair as a child.你小时候头发是金色的。◆the hotel didn't have a swimming pool.这家宾馆没有游泳池。◆ (less frequent) i hadn't got a clue what they were talking about.他们在说什么，我一点头绪也没有。■ enjoy [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (formal) to have sth good that is an advantage to you, especially because it is sth that other people do not have享有，享受（尤指别人没有的东西）◆people in this country enjoy a high standard of living.该国国民享有很高的生活水平。◆he has always enjoyed good health.他的身体一直很好。■ possess [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (formal) (especially of people) to have a particular quality or feature（尤指人）具有（某种特质或特点）◆i'm afraid he doesn't possess a sense of humour.恐怕他没什么幽默感。◆he credited her with a maturity she did not possess.他认为她很成熟，其实不然。■ boast [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses or the passive不用于进行时或被动语态) (especially written) to have sth that is impressive and that you can be proud of有（值得自豪的东西）◆the hotel boasts two swimming pools and a golf course.酒店拥有两个游泳池和一个高尔夫球场。◆rhodes boasts 300 days of sunshine a year.罗得岛一年有 300 天都是阳光灿烂的日子。◆this is a region which proudly boasts its own distinct culture.这是一个拥有独特文化的地区。ⓘ boast is often used to advertise places, for example in information for tourists on a hotel, city, etc. * boast 常用来为某地做广告宣传，如见于介绍旅馆、城市等的旅游资料中。■ be endowed with sth phrase (rather formal) -->to naturally have a particular positive ability or quality天生赋有，生来具有（某种好的能力或品质）◆she was endowed with intelligence and wit.她天资聪颖。◆the stones are believed to be endowed with magical powers.人们认为这些石头具有神奇的力量。■ be blessed with sb/sth idiom (rather formal) -->to have sth good that brings you great happiness or pleasure享有（福气）◆she's blessed with excellent health.她身体很好，是一种福气。◆we're blessed with five lovely grandchildren.我们很有福气，有五个可爱的孙子孙女。ⓘ using this expression suggests that you feel that you or sb else is lucky to have sth, as if it was given to you by god or some other higher power.这个短语表示因拥有某物感到幸运，仿佛是天赐的恩典。have verb 3➤have a new car/coat/job有一辆新车；有一件新外衣；有一份新工作➤have an ability/two children有能力；有两个孩子➤have an accident出事故➤have a meeting/party/conversation举行会议／聚会；进行谈话have ♦︎ suffer ♦︎ experience ♦︎ receive ♦︎ feel ♦︎ undergo ♦︎ go through sth ♦︎ take ♦︎ encounter ♦︎ run into sth ♦︎ meetthese words all mean to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you.这些词均表示经受、经历、遇到。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to have / experience / encounter / run into / meet problems◆to have / experience / encounter / run into difficulties / trouble◆to experience / encounter / run into / meet resistance◆to receive / encounter / run into / meet opposition◆to have / suffer / experience / receive / encounter a setback◆to have / suffer / experience / receive / feel a / the shock◆to suffer / experience / undergo / go through an ordeal◆to have / experience / receive / undergo treatment◆to have / suffer / experience / receive / encounter sth directly■ have (has, had, had) [transitive] to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you经受；经历；遇到◆i went to a few parties and had a good time.我去了几次聚会，玩得挺高兴的。◆i was having difficulty in staying awake.我正困得睁不开眼。◆she'll have an accident one day.她总有一天会出事的。ⓘ people typically have problems and difficulties, a shock, a fright, an accident and a good or bad time. * have 的宾语常为 problem、difficulty、shock、fright、accident、good time 和 bad time。■ suffer [transitive] (rather formal) to have sth unpleasant happen to you, such as injury, defeat or loss遭受，蒙受（伤害、失败或损失等）◆he suffered a massive heart attack.他的心脏病严重发作。◆the party suffered a humiliating defeat in the general election.该党在大选中惨败。◆the company suffered huge losses in the last financial year.公司在上一财政年度出现巨额亏损。■ experience [transitive] (rather formal) to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you经受；经历；遇到◆the country experienced a foreign currency shortage for several months.该国经历了几个月的外汇短缺。◆he had not directly experienced the fighting in the city.他没有亲历那场市内巷战。 ➡ see also experience → event noun 1 , experience → life noun 3 ■ receive [transitive] (rather formal) to get an injury or be given a particular type of treatment受到（伤害或某种待遇）◆several of the passengers received severe injuries.几名乘客受了重伤。◆emergency cases will receive professional attention immediately.急诊病人将立刻得到医疗诊治。◆we received a warm welcome from our hosts.我们受到了主人的热情欢迎。note 辨析 suffer or receive?you can suffer or receive an injury. receive suggests less emotional attachment to the situation; suffer places more emphasis on the bad effect or pain experienced by the person. * suffer 和 receive 都可以后接 injury。receive 感情色彩较淡，suffer 更强调不良后果或痛苦经历。■ feel [transitive] to experience the effects or results of physical conditions or an event, often strongly受⋯（强烈）影响；（深深）体验到◆he feels the cold a lot.他很怕冷。◆she felt her mother's death very deeply.她深感丧母之痛。◆the effects of the recession are being felt everywhere.经济衰退的影响无处不在。◆we all felt the force of his arguments.我们都体会到了他的论据的分量。■ undergo /ʌndəgəʊ; name ʌndərgoʊ/ (undergoes, underwent, undergone) [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to have sth happen to you, especially a change or sth unpleasant经历，经受（尤指变化或不快的事）◆some children undergo a complete transformation when they become teenagers.有些儿童进入青少年期会完全变个样。◆my mother underwent major surgery last year.我母亲去年动了个大手术。◆the drug is currently undergoing trials in america.这种药目前正在美国进行试验。ⓘ people and things typically undergo tests and trials, medical procedures such as operations and examinations, and changes, transformation or metamorphosis. * undergo 的宾语常为 test 和 trial，还有医疗方面的 operation 和 examination，以及 change、transformation 或 metamorphosis。■ go through sth -->phrasal verb(goes, went, gone) (rather informal) to suffer an unpleasant experience or difficult period of time经历，遭受（苦楚或困难）◆she's been going through a bad patch recently.她最近很不走运。◆he's amazingly cheerful considering all he's had to go through.经历了这么多磨难，他还这么乐观，真了不起。◆i went through hell in my first year at the school.我上学的第一年吃尽了苦头。ⓘ go through sth is often used to talk about a difficult period of time such as a phase, a patch, a period or a stage. it is also used with words like hell, agony and ordeal to talk about people experiencing extremely unpleasant situations. * go through sth 常指经历一个困难时期，搭配词有 phase、patch、period 或 stage，还可与 hell、agony 和 ordeal 等词连用，指遭受很严重的艰难困苦。■ take (took, taken) [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) to have sth happen to you, especially sth that involves you being hit or hurt遭受，经受，承受（尤指打击或伤害）◆she's taken a nasty fall and has her leg in plaster.她重重摔了一跤，腿上打了石膏。◆the team took a terrible beating.该队遭到惨败。◆the school took the full force of the explosion.这所学校在爆炸中毁坏最严重。■ encounter [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to experience sth, especially sth unpleasant or difficult, while you are trying to do sth else遭遇，遇到（尤指令人不快或困难的事）◆we encountered a number of difficulties in the first week.我们在第一周遇到了一些困难。◆i had never encountered such resistance before.我以前从未遇到过这样大的阻力。■ run into sth -->phrasal verb(running, ran, run) (rather informal) to have difficulties遇到（困难）◆be careful not to run into debt.小心不要背上债务。◆we were worried that she may have run into trouble.我们担心她可能遇到了麻烦。ⓘ apart from debt and bad weather, people typically run into problems, difficulties or trouble.除了 debt 和 bad weather 外，run into 还可与 problem、difficulty 或 trouble 等词搭配。■ meet (met, met) [transitive] to experience sth, often sth unpleasant经历（常指不快的事）◆others have met similar problems.其他人遇到过类似的问题。◆how she met her death will probably never be known.她的死因也许将永远无人知晓。ⓘ people typically meet problems, resistance or their death or fate. * meet 常与 problem、resistance 或 sb's death/fate 搭配。have verb 4➤have a new car/coat/job有一辆新车；有一件新外衣；有一份新工作➤have an ability/two children有能力；有两个孩子➤have an accident出事故➤have a meeting/party/conversation举行会议／聚会；进行谈话have ♦︎ hold ♦︎ host ♦︎ call ♦︎ give ♦︎ convene ♦︎ throwthese words all mean to arrange for people to be together for a particular purpose.这些词均表示组织、举办。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to have / hold / host / call / give / convene a conference◆to have / hold / call / convene a meeting◆to have / hold / host / give / throw a party◆to have / hold / host / give a dinner◆to have / hold / call an election◆to have / hold / host a competition / contest◆to have / hold a conversation / debate / discussion■ have (has, had, had) [transitive] to organize an event; to organize or take part in a discussion or conversation组织（活动）；举办，参加（讨论或谈话）◆let's have a party to celebrate.我们办个聚会庆祝一下吧！◆we had a very interesting discussion about climate change.我们就气候变化举办了一场非常有趣的讨论会。■ hold (held, held) [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to organize or have an event or discussion召开，举行，进行（活动或讨论）◆the next conference will be held in ohio.下一次会议将在俄亥俄州举行。◆it's impossible to hold a conversation with all this noise.噪音这么大，根本没法交谈。■ host [transitive] to organize an event to which others are invited and make all the arrangements for them主办，主持（活动）◆the president hosted a banquet in her honour.总统设宴欢迎她。◆germany hosted the world cup finals.德国主办了世界杯决赛。▸ host noun [countable] ◆ian, our host, introduced us to the other guests.主人伊恩把我们介绍给其他客人。◆the college is playing host to a group of visiting russian scientists.学院正在接待一批来访的俄罗斯科学家。■ call [transitive] to order sth to happen; to announce that sth will happen下令举行；宣布进行◆the principal called a staff meeting to discuss the changes.校长宣布召开教职工大会讨论这些变化。◆the drivers were going to call a strike.司机将举行罢工。■ give (gave, given) [transitive] to organize an event and invite people to it; to perform sth in public举办，举行（活动）；表演◆the chancellor will be giving a press conference later today.今天晚些时候校长将举行记者招待会。◆she gave a reading from her latest novel.她朗诵了她最近出版的小说中的一段。■ convene /kənviːn/ [transitive] (formal) to arrange for people to come together for a formal meeting or meetings召集，召开（大会）◆a board of enquiry was convened immediately after the accident.事故发生后立即成立了调查委员会。■ throw [transitive] (threw, thrown) (rather informal) to organize a party and invite people to it举行（聚会）◆they threw a party for him on his birthday.他们在他生日那天为他办了一个生日会。◆ (informal) he always throws a big bash on oscar night.他总是在奥斯卡之夜举办盛大的聚会。ⓘ in this meaning throw always collocates with party or bash.表达此义时，throw 总是与 party 或 bash 搭配。have (also have got) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to be formed from the people or things mentioned包括；包含；由⋯组成◆in 2006 the party had 10 000 members.这个党在 2006 年时有 1 万名党员。note 辨析 which word? consist of sb/sth is the most general of these words and the only one that can be used for activities with the -ing form of a verb. * consist of sb/sth 是这些词中最通用的，也是唯一可后接动词 -ing 形式，表示包含⋯活动的词◆my life at that time just consisted of feeding the baby and washing nappies.那时我的生活就只是喂孩子和洗尿布。the other main difference is between those verbs that take the whole as the subject and the parts as the object另一个主要区别是有的动词将整体作主语，将部份作宾语◆the group consists of / comprises / is made up of / is composed of / has ten people.小组由十个人组成。and those that take the parts as the subject and the whole as the object.有的动词将部份作主语，将整体作宾语◆ten people make up / constitute / comprise the group.小组由十个人组成。it is not correct to use 'comprises of' or 'is composed by/from'. * comprise of 和 be composed by/from 是不正确的用法。have(had, had) [transitive] to eat or drink sth吃；喝◆have you had breakfast yet?你吃过早饭了吗？◆i just had a sandwich for lunch.我午饭就吃了个三明治。◆i'll have the salmon (= in a restaurant).我要一份鲑鱼。have(has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to have sth as a possession; to have sth that belongs to you有；持有；拥有◆he had a new car and a boat.他有一辆新车和一条船。◆i don't have that much money on me.我身上没带那么多钱。◆she has a ba in english.她拥有英语学士学位。▸ the haves noun [plural] ◆the division between the haves and the have-nots (= between the people who have enough money and possessions and those who don't) 富人和穷人之间的差异have(has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to show a quality or feature; used to show a particular relationship显示出，带有（性质或特征）；（表示关系）有◆the ham had a smoky flavour.这火腿有一种烟熏的香味。◆the car has four-wheel drive.这部车是四轮驱动的。◆they have a lot of courage.他们胆量超人。◆do you have a client named peters?你们有一位名叫彼得斯的客户吗？have(has, had, had) [transitive] to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you经受；经历；遇到◆i went to a few parties and had a good time.我去了几次聚会，玩得挺高兴的。◆i was having difficulty in staying awake.我正困得睁不开眼。◆she'll have an accident one day.她总有一天会出事的。ⓘ people typically have problems and difficulties, a shock, a fright, an accident and a good or bad time. * have 的宾语常为 problem、difficulty、shock、fright、accident、good time 和 bad time。have(has, had, had) [transitive] to organize an event; to organize or take part in a discussion or conversation组织（活动）；举办，参加（讨论或谈话）◆let's have a party to celebrate.我们办个聚会庆祝一下吧！◆we had a very interesting discussion about climate change.我们就气候变化举办了一场非常有趣的讨论会。have(has, had, had) [transitive] to produce a baby or young animal生，生产（小孩或小动物）◆she's going to have a baby.她快生孩子了。◆our cat has just had five kittens.我们的猫刚刚生了五只小猫。have (also have got) (has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to suffer from an illness or pain患（病）；得（病）；有（病痛）◆i had a cold yesterday and i couldn't come to work.昨天我感冒了，没能来上班。◆i've got a headache.我头疼。◆he found out that he had hiv just last year.他去年才知道自己染上了艾滋病。have¹/həv;strong form hæv ||; həv; hæv/auxiliary verb used for forming the perfect tenses （用于构成完成时） ☞look at the quick grammar reference section at the back of this dictionary. 参看本词典末“语法便览”部份。 have²/hæv ||; hæv/verb[t] 1. (brit also 英亦作 have got) (not used in the continuous tenses 不用于进行时) to own or to hold sth; to possess 有；拥有: ◇i've got a new camera. 我有一架新相机。◇the flat has two bedrooms. 这套房间有两个卧室。◇he's got short dark hair. 他长着又短又黑的头发。◇to have patience/enthusiasm/skill 有耐心╱热情╱技术◇have you got any brothers or sisters? 你有没有兄弟姐妹？◇do you have time to check my work? 你有没有时间帮我检查一下作业？ 2. used with many nouns to talk about doing sth （与许多名词连用，表示做某事）: ◇what time do you have breakfast? 你什么时候吃早餐？◇to have a drink/something to eat 喝一杯；吃东西◇i'll just have a shower then we'll go. 我淋个浴，然后我们就走。◇to have an argument/talk/chat 吵起来；谈一谈；聊一聊 3. to experience sth 经历（某事）: ◇to have fun 玩得高兴◇to have problems/difficulties 遇到问题╱困难◇to have an idea/an impression/a feeling 想出主意；得到印象；产生感觉◇to have an accident 遇到事故◇she had her bag stolen on the underground. 她的包在地铁上给人偷走了。 4. (also have got) (not used in the continuous tenses 不用于进行时) to be ill with sth 患（病）: ◇she's got a bad cold. 她得了重感冒。◇to have flu/a headache/cancer/aids 患流感╱头痛╱癌症╱艾滋病 5. have sth done to arrange for sb to do sth 安排（某人做某事）: ◇i have my hair cut every six weeks. 我每六个星期理发一次。◇you should have your eyes tested. 你该检验一下眼睛。 6. (also have got) to have a particular duty or plan 有某种责任或计划: ◇do you have any homework tonight? 今晚你要做家庭作业吗？◇i've got a few things to do this morning, but i'm free later. 今天上午我有几件事情要办，之后就有空了。 7. (also have got) (not used in the continuous tenses 不用于进行时) to hold sb/sth; to keep sth in a particular place 支承；放置: ◇the dog had me by the leg. 那狗缠住我的腿。◇we've got our tv up on a shelf. 我们的电视机放在架子上。 8. to cause sb/sth to do sth or to be in a particular state 使某人或某事物做某事；使处于某种状态: ◇the music soon had everyone dancing. 音乐很快就让大家跳起舞来。◇i'll have dinner ready when you get home. 你到家的时候，我会把晚饭准备好。 9. to look after or entertain sb 照管，招待（某人）: ◇we're having some people to dinner tomorrow. 明天我们有几个人来吃晚饭。 have had it used about things that are completely broken, or dead （表示已彻底毁坏或死亡）: ◇this television has had it. we'll have to buy a new one. 这台电视机已经完蛋，我们得买新的了。 for other idioms containing have, look at the entries for the nouns, adjectives, etc, for example not have a clue is at clue. 其他含have的习语，参看有关名词、形容词等词条，如not have a clue可参看词条clue。 have sb on to trick sb as a joke 戏弄；捉弄: ◇don't listen to what jimmy says -- he's only having you on. 别听吉米的话─他只是在戏弄你。 have (got) sth on 1. to be wearing sth 穿着某物: ◇she's got a green jumper on. 她穿着绿色的套头毛衣。 2. (informal 非正式) to have an arrangement to do sth 安排好做某事: ◇i've got a lot on this week (= i'm very busy). 这个礼拜我很忙。 have sth out to allow part of your body to be removed 将（身体的某部位）切除或去除: ◇to have a tooth/your appendix out 拔牙；切除阑尾 ☞ have/not have☞ have¹☞ have²☞ have³ |
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