| 单词 | bad |
| 释义 | bad adjective¹ 1not good; serious坏；糟糕verbs | adverb | preposition | phrases verbs➤be, look, sound糟糕；看上去不好；听起来不妙▸➤get变得糟糕◆the weather got very bad later in the day.那天晚些时候天气变得很坏。adverb➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.极为／相当／非常糟糕◆john's in a pretty bad mood this morning.今早约翰心情很不好。➤appallingly, incredibly, terribly, truly, unbelievably极其／不可思议地／非常／实在／难以置信地糟糕➤embarrassingly, laughably (especially bre) 糟糕得令人困窘／可笑◆the service was laughably bad.服务糟糕得可笑。➤especially, particularly尤其／特别糟糕◆he is particularly bad at remembering names.他尤其不擅长记人名。➤notoriously出了名地糟糕◆jim was a notoriously bad driver.吉姆的开车技术出名地糟糕。➤enough够糟糕的◆things are bad enough without our own guns shelling us.即便我们的炮弹没有落在自己人身上，情况也已经够糟糕的了。➤equally同样糟糕◆the problem is equally bad in many other countries.这个问题在其他许多国家也是同样糟糕。➤inherently本身就很糟糕◆watching television is not inherently bad for children.对孩子而言，看电视本身并不是坏事。preposition➤at在⋯方面糟糕◆he's really bad at languages.他在语言方面确实很差。➤for对⋯有害◆smoking is very bad for you.吸烟对你害处很大。phrases➤not half bad (= good) 很不错◆i saw him yesterday, and he wasn't looking half bad.我昨天看见他了，他看起来状态很不错。bad adjective² 2not safe to eat不宜食用verbs➤be, look, smell, taste腐烂；看上去坏了；闻起来坏了；尝起来变质◆the sausages tasted bad.这香肠尝起来变质了。➤go, turn变质◆this meat has gone bad.这肉变质了。bad adjective³ 3guilty/sorry歉疚；难过verbs | adverb | preposition verbs➤feel感到内疚adverb➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.极为／相当／非常内疚▸➤enough够难过的◆i feel bad enough without you constantly telling me how it was all my fault!我已经够难过的了，用不着你老跟我说什么一切都是我的错！preposition➤about对⋯感到难过◆she felt pretty bad about leaving him.要离开他，她觉得很难过。bad adjective ➡ see also the entry for terrible 1另见 terrible 条第 1 义bad ♦︎ nasty ♦︎ unpleasant ♦︎ grim ♦︎ lousy ♦︎ wretched ♦︎ ghastlythese words all describe sth that is full of problems and/or makes you feel upset, uncomfortable, disappointed or depressed.这些词均表示情况糟糕的、令人不快或沮丧的。synonym scale 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达糟糕或令人不快的程度bad ○ unpleasant ○ nasty ○ grim ○ lousy ○ wretched ○ ghastlypatterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆a bad / a nasty / an unpleasant / a grim / a ghastly situation◆a bad / a nasty / an unpleasant / a ghastly experience / feeling◆bad / nasty / unpleasant / grim / lousy / wretched / ghastly weather◆a bad / a nasty / an unpleasant / a grim mood◆a bad / a nasty / an unpleasant taste / smell◆bad / grim / ghastly news◆a bad / a grim / a lousy / a wretched day / night / time◆a nasty / an unpleasant / a grim / a wretched / a ghastlythought◆the nasty / unpleasant / grim truth / reality / facts◆to find sth unpleasant / grim◆very bad / nasty / unpleasant / grim / wretched◆really bad / nasty / unpleasant / grim / lousy / wretched / ghastly◆pretty bad / nasty / unpleasant / grim / lousy / ghastly◆rather bad / nasty / unpleasant / grim / ghastly◆particularly bad / nasty / unpleasant / grim / ghastly■ bad full of problems; not what you hope for or want问题成堆的；不如人意的◆i'm having a really bad day.我今天倒霉透了。◆it was the worst experience of her life.那是她一生中最糟糕的经历。◆smoking gives you bad breath.吸烟会导致口臭。◆things are bad enough without our own guns shelling us.本来情况就够糟的了，偏偏我们自己的大炮又向我们开起火来。opp good → nice 1 ■ nasty very bad or serious; making you feel upset, uncomfortable or disgusted极差的；严重的；令人不快（或厌恶）的◆he had a nasty accident.他出了严重的事故。◆the news gave me a nasty shock.这消息可把我吓死了。◆he had a nasty moment when he thought he'd lost his passport.他以为护照丢了，当时苦恼极了。◆this coffee tastes nasty.这咖啡难喝死了。◆don't buy that coat－it looks cheap and nasty.别买那件外套，一看就是差劲的便宜货。opp nice → nice 1 ■ unpleasant (rather formal) not pleasant or comfortable令人不快的；不舒服的◆there was an unpleasant atmosphere in the room.房间里有一种不愉快的气氛。◆the minerals in the water made it unpleasant to drink.水里的矿物质使得这水挺难喝的。◆he may make life unpleasant for the rest of us.他可能让我们大家的日子都不好过。ⓘ unpleasant is usually less strong than nasty and is not used to mean 'serious'. * unpleasant 的语气通常不如 nasty 强烈，没有“严重的”之意◆he had an unpleasant accident. however, it is sometimes used in a rather polite or formal way to describe sth that really is nasty, when you don't want to say exactly how nasty it is.不过，如果事情确实很严重，却又不想直说，有时就会用 unpleasant，这是一种颇为礼貌或正式的用法◆things started to get unpleasant when the neighbours called in the police.邻居把警察叫来时，事态就开始不妙了。 opp pleasant → nice 1■ grim unpleasant and depressing令人不快且沮丧的◆the accident serves as a grim reminder of what drinking and driving can do.这起事故无情地提醒了我们酒后驾车会导致什么样的后果。◆the outlook is pretty grim.前景堪忧。◆things are looking grim for workers in the building industry.对建筑业的工人来说，形势看来很不乐观。ⓘ grim is used especially to talk about things that have just happened and things that are likely to happen in the future. collocates include news, reminder, discovery, reality, picture, legacy, fate, future, prospect, forecast, outlook and warning. * grim 尤用于描述刚刚发生的事和将来可能发生的事，搭配词有 news、reminder、discovery、reality、picture、legacy、fate、future、prospect、forecast、outlook 和 warning。■ lousy /laʊzi/ (informal) very bad or disappointing非常糟的；令人极为失望的◆what lousy weather!这天气真糟糕！◆i've had a lousy day.我今天倒霉透顶。ⓘ lousy is used especially to talk about things or people that you are disappointed with. collocates include day, food, husband, lover, summer and weather. * lousy 尤用于描述令人失望的事物或人，搭配词有 day、food、husband、lover、summer 和 weather。■ wretched /retʃɪd/ (written) extremely bad or unpleasant极坏的；恶劣的◆she had a wretched time of it at school.她上学时的日子十分难熬。◆the animals are kept in the most wretched conditions.这些动物的饲养条件极其恶劣。ⓘ wretched is used especially to talk about extreme situations that affect other people (or animals) and that you sympathize with. * wretched 尤用于描述让他人（或动物）难受而令人同情的极端状况。■ ghastly /gɑːstli; name gæstli/ (informal) extremely bad or unpleasant糟透的；差极的◆the weather was ghastly.天气糟透了。◆it's all been a ghastly mistake.这是个极其恶劣的错误。ⓘ ghastly is used especially to talk about extreme situations that affect your senses or emotions. * ghastly 尤用于描述使人感官上或情感上难受的极端状况。 badfull of problems; not what you hope for or want问题成堆的；不如人意的◆i'm having a really bad day.我今天倒霉透了。◆it was the worst experience of her life.那是她一生中最糟糕的经历。◆smoking gives you bad breath.吸烟会导致口臭。◆things are bad enough without our own guns shelling us.本来情况就够糟的了，偏偏我们自己的大炮又向我们开起火来。opp good → nice 1 badfull of problems; likely to cause problems in a particular situation问题成堆的；可能引起麻烦的；不适当的◆things were bad enough without her interfering.事情本来就够糟糕了，偏偏她又来管闲事。◆the situation couldn't get any worse.形势糟糕透了。◆it was the worst time of my life.那是我人生中最倒霉的一段时间。◆i think it was probably a bad time to ask him.我认为在那个时候问他可能不合适。◆he realized it had been a bad decision.他意识到那是个错误的决定。 badcriminal or morally unacceptable犯罪的；不道德的◆the hero gets to shoot all the bad guys.主人公得以击毙所有坏蛋。◆he said i must have done something bad to deserve it.他说我肯定是罪有应得。 opp good → good 5 bad (rather informal, especially spoken) causing or likely to cause damage to sb's health, business, character or reputation（对健康、生意、性格或声誉）有害的，产生损害的◆sugary drinks are bad for your teeth.含糖饮料对牙齿有害。◆weather like this is bad for business.这样的天气不利于做生意。◆that girl's a bad influence on tom.那个女孩带坏了汤姆。◆sunbeds have received a lot of bad publicity in recent years. are they safe?近年来有许多关于日光浴床的负面报道，这种床安全吗？ⓘ in this meaning bad is used in the phrase bad for sb/sth and with the collocates influence, publicity and effect.表达此义时，bad 用于短语 bad for sb/sth，或与 influence、publicity 和 effect 等词搭配。 opp good → valuable 2 bad (especially spoken) not good or skilled at sth不擅长的；不熟练的◆i would be a really bad teacher－i've no patience.我做老师可能会很不称职 － 我没有耐心。◆he's a bad loser (= he complains when he loses a game).他是个输不起的人。◆she is so bad at keeping secrets.她一点都不会保守秘密。 opp good → good 4 ▸ badly adverb◆he plays really badly.他表演得确实很差。 bad [usually before noun](of parts of the body) painful or injured（身体部位）疼痛的，有伤的◆i've got a bad back.我背部疼痛。 opp good → well bad [usually before noun](especially of children) not behaving well（尤指儿童）顽皮的，不乖的◆i will not tolerate this bad behaviour.我不会容忍这种顽皮的行为。◆i was always the 'bad boy' at school.我向来是学校里的“坏小子”。ⓘ if you call a child a bad boy/girl/child, this is usually stricter or more unkind than calling them naughty, unless it is done in a slightly humorous way.如果称一个孩子为 a bad boy/girl/child，通常比称其为 naughty 更严厉或更不友善，除非是略带幽默的意思。 opp good → good 7 bad [usually before noun] offensive冒犯的；得罪人的；无礼的◆most of the complaints received were about bad language.接到的投诉大多跟说粗话有关。ⓘ in this meaning, bad is always used in the phrase bad language.表达此义时，bad 总是用在短语 bad language 中。 bad (rather informal) of a poor quality or standard质量差的；水平低的◆i thought it was a very bad article.我认为那是一篇低劣的文章。◆that's not a bad idea.那主意不错。◆this isn't as bad as i thought.这没我原来想的那么差。opp good → good 1 ▸ badly adverb◆she sang two songs, very badly.她唱了两首歌，唱得糟透了。◆the whole thing was badly organized.整件事的组织工作搞得一团糟。note 辨析 poor or bad? poor is more frequent in written english in this meaning, but bad is used more in informal spoken english. some words do not collocate with both poor and bad. * poor 表达此义时较常用于书面语，bad 多用于非正式的口语。有些词只能与 poor 或 bad 其中之一搭配◆they have a poor standard of living.他们的生活水平很低。◆a bad standard of living ◆i don't think it's a bad school.我认为这所学校不错。◆i don't think it's a poor school. bad(of food) not safe to eat because it has decayed（食物）变质的，腐烂的◆the meat had gone bad.这肉已经坏了。◆there was a smell of bad eggs.有一股臭鸡蛋的味道。 bad (rather informal, especially spoken) serious; severe严重的；剧烈的◆the engagement was a bad mistake.这婚约是个严重错误。◆it was a very bad winter that year.那年冬天极为寒冷。◆my headache is getting worse.我头痛得越来越厉害了。ⓘ bad can be used to describe many unpleasant situations, but it is not used to describe danger or an emergency. it is rather informal and used especially in spoken english; in formal or written english it is often better to choose one of the other words in this group. * bad 可用于表示许多不愉快的情况，但不修饰危险或紧急情况。该词很不正式，尤用于口语中。在正式或书面用语中，最好选用本组词汇中的其他词语。▸ badly adverb◆the building is badly in need of repair.这栋大楼急需维修。 bad (rather informal, especially spoken) sick/ill有病；不舒服◆i'm afraid i'm feeling pretty bad.很抱歉，我觉得很不舒服。ⓘ in this meaning bad is always used after feel or look. * bad 表达此义时总是用于 feel 或 look 之后。 opp good → well bad (always used after the verb feel 总是用在动词 feel 后面) (rather informal, especially spoken) feeling shame because you have done sth that you know is wrong or have not done sth that you should have done感到愧疚；感到羞愧◆she felt bad about leaving him.她因离开他而感到歉疚。◆why should i want to make you feel bad?我干吗要让你自责呢？badhaving a bad effect on your health损害健康的；对身体有害的◆eating too much salt is bad for you.摄入过多的盐有害健康。◆all those sugary drinks are bad for your teeth.所有那些含糖饮料都会损害牙齿。◆bad diet and lack of exercise can lead to serious health problems.不良饮食和缺乏锻炼会导致严重的健康问题。opp good → healthy note 辨析 unhealthy or bad? bad is used especially in the collocations bad for you/your health, etc. and bad diet. unhealthy has a wider range of collocations, but is slightly more formal. * bad 尤用于短语 bad for you/your health 等和 bad diet。unhealthy 稍正式些，搭配词的范围较广。 bad(of the weather) unpleasant, cold, wet, etc.（天气）令人不快的，冷的，下雨的◆on the last day the weather turned bad.最后那天，天气变得很糟。opp good → sunny bad [only before noun] causing problems for sb; not based on good judgement造成问题的；判断错误的◆i know that this is a bad time to ask for help.我知道这个时候请你帮忙不合适。◆he now realized that it had been a bad decision on his part.他现在意识到自己作了不恰当的决定。ⓘ in this meaning bad usually collocates with time, timing, decision or reason.表达此义时，bad 通常与 time、timing、decision 或 reason 搭配。 opp good → good 2 , good → good 3 bad/bæd ||; bæd/adj (worse /wɜ:s ||; wɝs/ worst /wɜ:st ||; wɝst/) 1. not good; unpleasant 坏的；令人不愉快的: ◇our family's had a bad time recently. 最近我们家里有些倒霉事儿。◇bad weather 坏天气◇i'm afraid i've got some bad news for you. 我恐怕得告诉你一些坏消息。 2. of poor quality; of a low standard 质量差的；水平低的: ◇many accidents are caused by bad driving. 许多意外是驾驶技术欠佳所致。◇some of the company's problems are the result of bad management. 公司的某些毛病是管理失当所致。 3. bad (at sth/at doing sth) not able to do sth well or easily; not skilful or reliable 能力差的；技术不佳的；不可靠的: ◇a bad teacher/driver/cook 不称职的老师／司机／厨师◇i've always been bad at sport. 我运动一向很差劲。 4. serious; severe 严重的；厉害的: ◇the traffic was very bad on the way to work. 上班路上，交通拥挤不堪。◇she went home with a bad headache. 她头很痛，回家去了。◇that was a bad mistake! 那是一个大错！ 5. (used about food) not fresh or fit to eat; rotten （指食物）不新鲜的，不能吃的，腐烂的: ◇these eggs will go bad if we don't eat them soon. 如果我们不很快吃掉的话，这些鸡蛋会坏的。 6. (used about parts of the body) not healthy; painful （指身体某部份）不健康的，疼痛的: ◇he's always had a bad heart. 他的心脏一向有毛病。◇keith's off work with a bad back. 基思的背疼痛，没有上班。 7. (used about a person or behaviour) not good; morally wrong （指人或行为）坏的，不道德的: ◇he was not a bad man, just rather weak. 他不是坏人，只是相当软弱。 8. (not before a noun 不用于名词前) bad for sb/sth likely to damage or hurt sb/sth 可能造成损害或伤害；有害于: ◇sugar is bad for your teeth. 吃太多糖对牙齿有害。 9. bad (for sth/to do sth) difficult or not suitable 困难的；不适合的: ◇this is a bad time to phone -- everyone's out to lunch. 现在打电话不是时候，人人都吃午饭去了。 not bad(informal 非正式) quite good 不错；不坏: ◇‘what was the film like? ’ ‘not bad.’ “那部电影怎么样？”“不错。” too bad(informal 非正式) used to show that nothing can be done to change a situation （用以指无可奈何）真遗憾，真可惜: ◇‘i'd much rather stay at home.’ ‘well that's just too bad. we've said we'll go.’ “我宁愿留在家中。”“真糟糕，我们说过要去的。” bad1 bad films/books/methods/food etc2 products that are badly made or of bad quality3 not very bad, but not very good4 bad events/experiences/weather etc5 words for describing bad people or behaviour6 a bad person7 words for describing a bad child8 bad in a clever way9 having a bad way of life10 bad or immoral behaviour11 an extremely bad action12 to influence someone in a bad way13 a situation that you think is wrong or immoralrelated wordsoppositegood,bad at doing something 做不好某事 bad at doing sth,bad condition 糟糕的状况 condition,serious situation 严重的情况 serious,have a bad effect on something 对某事产生不好的影响 harm,to think something is bad or wrong 认为某事不好或错误 disapprove,looking or tasting very bad 看起来或尝起来很糟 horrible,when a situation is so bad that you cannot accept it 某情况糟糕得让你无法接受 stand,to accept a bad situation 接受糟糕的情况 stand,see alsoworse,cruel,dishonest,1. bad films/books/methods/food etc 差的电影/书籍/方法/食物等 bad /bæd/ [adjective] something that is bad is of a low standard, because it has been done badly, designed badly, performed badly etc ［工作、设计、表演等］差的，糟的，坏的 the movie was so bad that we left before it finished. 这部电影太差了，我们没等结束就走了。 it's the worst book she's ever written. 这是她写得最糟的一本书。 opponents of the plan say it is a bad way of managing city traffic. 反对这个计划的人说这种管理城市交通的方法是不行的。 in the 1980s, their cars had a bad reputation for reliability. 20世纪80年代时，他们生产的汽车在可靠性方面名声很差。 their latest album is even worse than their last one. 他们的新专辑甚至比上一张还要糟。 no good /nəʊ ˈgʊd/ spoken not good at all 【口】很差，不好 i wouldn't go there - the food's no good. 我可不愿去那个地方，食物太差了。 i've tried that diet, and it's no good. 我试过那种饮食，不怎么好。 awful/terrible/appalling/lousy /ˈɔːfəl, ˈterə̇bəl, əˈpɔːlɪŋ, ˈlaʊzi/ [adjective] very bad 非常糟糕的 that's such an awful programme! how can you watch it? 这节目糟透了！你怎么看得下去？ your handwriting is appalling. 你的字写得真太糟了。 the food was lousy and the service was terrible. 食物糟糕透了，服务质量差得简直吓人。 dreadful /ˈdredfəl/ [adjective] especially british very bad 【尤英】非常糟糕的 the coffee tasted dreadful! 这咖啡的味道糟透了！ ‘how did you like the film?’ ‘i thought it was dreadful.’ “你觉得那部电影怎么样？”“很糟糕。” rubbish british informal /garbage especially american /ˈrʌbɪʃ, ˈgɑːʳbɪdʒ/ [uncountable noun] use this to describe something you think is very bad 垃圾，糟糕的东西 ‘what did you think of his speech?’ ‘i thought it was rubbish!’ “你认为他的演讲如何？”“我觉得通篇都在胡诌！” most of the food in these fast food joints is garbage. 这些快餐店所售卖的食品大部分都是些垃圾。a load of rubbish/garbage i don't know why you're watching that film, it's a load of old rubbish. 我不明白那电影你为什么还要看下去，尽是些老掉牙的废话。 i've never read such a load of garbage in my life. 我这辈子从未读过这么糟糕的东西。 crap /kræp/ [uncountable noun] informal use this to describe something you think is very bad -- some people think this word is offensive 【非正式】垃圾，废话，废物［有些人觉得该词有冒犯性］ there's nothing but crap on television these days. 如今电视里播的都是些垃圾节目。 the stereo's great but the rest of the car is crap. 这辆车上除了立体声音响不错外，其余的全是垃圾。a load of crap someone told me it was a really interesting museum, but i thought it was a load of crap. 有人跟我说这家博物馆很有意思，可我却觉得它糟糕极了。 suck /sʌk/ [intransitive verb] especially american, informal if you say that something sucks, you think it is very bad -- some people think this word is offensive 【尤美，非正式】很差劲，糟透了［有些人觉得该词有冒犯性］ let's not go there -- the food sucks. 我们别去那里，那儿的食物糟透了。2. products that are badly made or of bad quality 产品质量差的 poor quality /ˌpʊəʳ ˈkwɒlə̇tiǁ-ˈkwɑː-/ [adjective/noun phrase] poor quality products have been made badly ［产品］质量差的： poor quality housing often leads to health problems. 质量差的居住环境常常引起健康问题。be of poor quality investigators believe the bridge collapsed because the concrete was of poor quality. 调查人员认为这座桥倒塌是因为使用了劣质的水泥。 low-quality /ˌləʊ ˈkwɒlə̇tiǁ-ˈkwɑː-/ [adjective usually before noun] low-quality products have been made badly ［产品］劣质的，低质量的 it's not worth building with low-quality materials just to save money. 仅仅为了省钱就用劣质材料造房子是不值得的。 the company wants to change its image as a producer of low-cost, low-quality clothes. 该公司想要改变自己的低成本、低品质服装制造商的形象。 badly made /ˌbædli ˈmeɪd◂/ [adjective] made without care or skill 做工粗劣的 her clothes looked cheap and badly made. 她的服装看上去很低俗，而且做工粗劣。 cheap /tʃiːp/ [adjective] cheap furniture, jewellery, clothes etc look unattractive and badly made, and seem to have been produced using low quality materials 低价劣质的 the room was depressing, with dim light and cheap furniture. 这房间光线昏暗，家具粗劣，令人感到消沉。 hungry-looking men in cheap suits hung around the streets all day. 衣着粗劣，满脸饿相的男人整天在街道上游荡。 shoddy /ˈʃɒdiǁˈʃɑː-/ [adjective] badly and cheaply made, using low quality materials 劣质的，粗制滥造的 you have a right to return any shoddy goods you might buy. 如果买到劣质商品，你有权将它退回。shoddily made police officials blamed the deaths on the shoddily made apartment building. 警方将死因归咎于公寓大楼质量太差。 inferior /ɪnˈfɪəriəʳ/ [adjective] inferior products are not as good as other similar ones because they have been cheaply and badly made ［产品］劣等的，劣质的 consumers buy foreign goods because they believe that british-made goods are inferior. 消费者都买进口商品，因为他们觉得英国货质量差。 i want the best -- i don't want some inferior model that's going to break down the first time i use it. 我要最好的—我不想要一个一用就坏的次等型号。3. not very bad, but not very good 不太差，但也不太好 not very good /nɒt veri ˈgʊd/ [adjective phrase] especially spoken not good - use this when you are disappointed because you were expecting something better 【尤口】不太好［不如原来期望的好而感到失望］ ‘what was the movie like?’ ‘it was ok but the ending wasn't very good.’ “电影怎么样？”“还算可以，但结尾不太好。” he's been learning english for five years, but his pronunciation isn't very good. 他学英语有五年了，但发音仍不太好。 mediocre /ˌmiːdiˈəʊkəʳ◂/ [adjective] something that is mediocre is of a lower standard than it should be, and does not show much quality or skill 平庸的，不够好的 the team gave another mediocre performance last night. 昨晚那支球队再次表现平庸。 tourists crowd the gift shops to buy mediocre products at high prices. 游客挤在礼品商店里以高价购买平庸的礼品。 nothing special /ˌnʌθɪŋ ˈspeʃəl/ [adjective phrase not before noun] spoken not very bad, but not especially good 【口】没什么特别之处，普通 ‘was the food good?’ ‘it was okay, but nothing special.’ “吃得好吗？”“还可以，但没什么特别之处。” the town's nice, but the beach is nothing special. 这城镇不错，但海滩却一般。 all right/ok, but ... /ɔːl ˈraɪt, ˌəʊ ˈkeɪ bət/ spoken say this when you think that something is good in some ways but there are some bad parts of it too 【口】不错，但是… my grades were ok, but i thought i should have gotten an ‘a’ in chemistry. 我的成绩还不错，但我觉得我化学应该得个“a”的。 the game was all right, but it wasn't worth what i paid to watch it. 比赛还算过得去，但以我付的票价来讲，还是不太值得。 so-so /ˈsəʊ səʊ/ [adjective not before noun] informal not very good, but not very bad either 【非正式】一般的；过得去的 ‘how is your meal?’ ‘so-so.’ “食物怎么样？”“还过得去。” the hotel was in a lovely location, but the facilities were only so-so. 这家旅馆所处的位置非常好，但设施只是一般。 second rate/third rate /ˌsekənd ˈreɪt◂, ˌθɜːʳd ˈreɪt◂/ [adjective usually before noun] not as good as other things of the same kind 二流的；三流的；次等的 people are not willing to pay a lot of money for second-rate works of art. 没人愿意花巨款购买二流艺术品。 all they could afford was a room in a second-rate hotel about a mile from the beach. 他们只住得起离海滩约一英里远的一家二流旅店的房间。 not be up to scratch /nɒt biː ʌp tə ˈskrætʃ/ [verb phrase] especially british something that is not up to scratch, is not as good as it should be 【尤英】未达到水准 the hotels and transport system in this city are not up to scratch at the moment. 这座城市的酒店以及运输系统目前尚未达到水准。 patchy /ˈpætʃi/ [adjective] a performance, piece of work etc that is patchy is good in some parts, but bad in others and in general is not good ［表演、作品等］瑕瑜互见的；只有部分是好的 the film is patchy, despite one or two good performances. 这部影片尽管有一两处的演出不错，但总体来说不算好。 many department stores reported patchy sales over christmas. 许多百货商店说圣诞期间的销售情况有好有坏。 lacklustre british /lackluster american /ˈlækˌlʌstəʳ/ [adjective usually before noun] lacklustre performance not very bad, but not as good as was expected 表现平平 the corporation's profits increased dramatically this year, after a rather lacklustre performance last year. 公司去年业绩平平，今年的利润却有大幅度增长。4. bad events/experiences/weather etc 不好的事件/经历/天气等 bad /bæd/ [adjective] not at all pleasant, enjoyable, or successful 糟糕的；令人不快的；不好的 if the weather's bad, we could go to the museum instead. 假如天气不好，我们可以改去博物馆。 bad housing conditions 恶劣的居住环境bad news news of a bad event 坏消息 i'm afraid i have some bad news. 恐怕我带来了坏消息了。a bad day/year/time etc when a lot of unpleasant things happen 糟糕的一天/一年/时候等 this was a very bad year for the banking industry. 这一年对银行业来说是很糟糕的一年。 it had been a bad day, and i just wanted to go home. 那一天过得很糟，我只想回家。 awful/terrible/dreadful /ˈɔːfəl, ˈterə̇bəl, ˈdredfəl/ [adjective] very bad 极糟的，坏透的 the weather has been terrible lately. 最近的天气差极了。 traffic in the downtown boston area is awful. 波士顿市中心区的交通情况坏透了。 conditions in the hospital were dreadful. the place was falling apart and it was understaffed. 医院的条件糟透了。那地方破败不堪，人手也不够。 appalling/atrocious /əˈpɔːlɪŋ, əˈtrəʊʃəs/ [adjective] so bad that you are shocked 极糟的，极差的；令人震惊的 living conditions in the refugee camps were atrocious. 难民营中的生活条件极为恶劣。 the appalling weather continued, with harsh winds, fogs and heavy rain. 天气持续恶劣，又是大风又是雾，还下着大雨。 horrendous /hɒˈrendəsǁhɑː-, hɔː-/ [adjective] extremely bad, unpleasant, and often frightening 可怕的，骇人的 it was a horrendous storm. 那是一场可怕的暴风雨。 she is still recovering from a horrendous car accident. 她遭遇了一场可怕的车祸，至今仍在康复中。 horrific /hɒˈrɪfɪkǁhɔː-, hɑː-/ [adjective] extremely bad, especially in a way that is frightening or upsetting 可怕的，令人恐惧的 it was a horrific experience. we really thought we were going to die. 那次经历很可怕。我们真的以为自己要死了。 the race was stopped after a horrific accident in which two drivers were killed. 比赛期间发生严重事故，两名车手丧生，比赛因此中断。 be a nightmare /biː ə ˈnaɪtmeəʳ/ [verb phrase] spoken informal use this to talk about an extremely bad experience or situation 【口，非正式】像一场噩梦 the traffic coming in to work this morning was a nightmare. 今早上班路上的交通状况真是可怕极了。 the president's trip turned out to be a nightmare for his security staff. 总统这次出行对他的保安人员而言是一场噩梦。be a complete nightmare our vacation was a complete nightmare. the weather was awful and our hotel was worse. 我们的度假简直是一场噩梦。天气不好，住的旅馆更糟。5. words for describing bad people or behaviour 描述坏人或不良举止的词语 bad /bæd/ [adjective] use this about behaviour that is morally wrong, or about people who do things that are morally wrong ［人或行为］坏的，不良的 in most movies, the bad guy gets caught in the end. 在大部分电影里，坏人最终都会被抓住。 he had a bad influence on his younger brother. 他给弟弟带来了不良影响。 is there any crime worse than murdering a child? 难道还会有比杀害小孩更恶劣的罪行吗？ it never occurred to sally that the man had any bad intentions. 萨莉从未想过这男人会有任何不良企图。 immoral /ɪˈmɒrəlǁɪˈmɔː-/ [adjective] use this about actions that you believe are morally wrong and unacceptable, even if they are not illegal ［行为］不道德的 many people think that testing cosmetics on animals is immoral. 许多人认为用动物测试化妆品是不道德的。 to spend £23 billion on nuclear weapons is immoral, and a terrible waste of money. 花费230亿英镑来购买核武器是不道德的，而且钱也浪费得惊人。 critics complain that the lyrics of the song encourage anti-social and immoral behavior. 评论家们批评说这首歌的歌词煽动了反社会与不道德的行为。 evil/wicked /ˈiːvəl, ˈwɪkə̇d/ [adjective] deliberately very bad and very cruel to other people 邪恶的，恶毒的 police described the crime as wicked and inhuman. 警方形容这宗罪案极其凶残和冷血。 he was an evil man who felt no sympathy for his victims. 他是个邪恶的人，对被害人毫无同情心。 no good /nəʊ ˈgʊd/ [adjective] informal use this about someone who is not at all honest, helpful, or kind 【非正式】不好的；坏透的 that friend of yours is no good. i want you to stay away from her. 你那个朋友不是好东西。我要你远离她。 my first husband was a no-good, low-down son-of-a-bitch. 我的第一个丈夫卑鄙下流，真是个狗娘养的。 sinister /ˈsɪnɪstəʳ, ˈsɪnəstəʳ/ [adjective] someone who is sinister looks bad or evil, so that other people are frightened of them 阴险的，邪恶的 her dark eyes and evil laugh made her seem sinister. 她乌黑的眼睛和狞笑使她看上去很阴险。something sinister about somebody the man was dressed in a black suit and wore dark glasses. there was something sinister about him. 那个男子穿着黑衣，戴着墨镜，给人一种阴险的感觉。 twisted /ˈtwɪstɪd, ˈtwɪstəd/ [adjective] behaving in an unusually cruel and shocking way, that is not at all normal 极为残忍的；变态的 what kind of sick and twisted person would do such a thing? 哪种变态可怕的人会干出这种事情？ whoever sent you these disgusting letters must be twisted. 给你寄这些令人作呕的信的人，肯定是变态的。 depraved /dɪˈpreɪvd/ [adjective] completely evil and morally unacceptable 极为堕落的；道德败坏的 he was described as dangerous and depraved and a menace to society. 他被描述成一个既危险又堕落的人，对社会是一种威胁。 the film is about a psychiatrist who helps the police capture a depraved serial killer. 影片讲述一位精神病专家协助警方捉拿一名丧尽天良的连环杀手。 perverted /pəʳˈvɜːʳtɪd, pəʳˈvɜːʳtəd/ [adjective] involving sexual behaviour or intentions that are considered immoral, unnatural, and harmful ［性］变态的 the newspaper has described the killer as perverted and sexually deviant. 报纸上将凶手描述为乖戾的性变态者。 they saw the affection she had for such an old man as unnatural and possibly perverted. 他们认为她爱慕年纪这么大的老头是反常的，而且有可能是变态的。6. a bad person 坏人 villain /ˈvɪlən/ [countable noun] the bad person in a story, film, play etc, especially someone who breaks the law or who is cruel to others ［故事、电影、戏剧等中的］恶棍，坏蛋，反派角色 at the end of the story, the villain is caught and punished. 在故事的结尾，那个坏蛋被抓起来并受到了惩罚。 ‘speed 2’ stars willem dafoe as the villain who takes over a luxury cruise ship. 影片《生死时速2》中由威廉·达福扮演那个控制了一艘豪华邮轮的坏蛋。 monster /ˈmɒnstəʳǁˈmɑːn-/ [countable noun] someone who is so violent and dangerous that people think their behaviour is impossible to understand or forgive 恶魔；丧心病狂的人 a monster like that should not be allowed to live! 这样的恶魔是不该让他活着的。 he argued that unless these monsters were put in prison immediately, they would continue to terrorize the public. 他认为除非立刻把这些恶魔关进监狱，否则他们会继续让公众生活在恐惧之中。 pervert /ˈpɜːʳvɜːʳt/ [countable noun] someone who is thought to be bad or evil, especially because his sexual behaviour is unnatural or offensive 走上邪路者；性变态者 what are you, some kind of pervert? 你是什么人？性变态者吗？ she took him to court, accusing him of being a pervert who was unfit to raise a child. 她把他告上了法庭，指控他是性变态者，不宜抚养小孩。 sicko /ˈsɪkəʊ/ [countable noun] spoken informal especially american someone who gets pleasure from things that most people think are upsetting, cruel, or unpleasant 【口，非正式，尤美】心理变态的人 what kind of sicko would write something like that? 哪种变态的人会写出那种东西？7. words for describing a bad child 形容坏孩子的词语 naughty /ˈnɔːtiǁˈnɔːti, ˈnɑːti/ [adjective] a child who is naughty behaves badly, for example by being rude or by doing things that are not allowed ［小孩］淘气的，顽皮的 we've been looking for you everywhere, you naughty boy! 我们到处找你，你这顽皮的孩子！ i don't believe in hitting children, no matter how naughty they've been. 我认为不该打孩子，不论他们有多调皮捣蛋。 badly behaved /ˌbædli bɪˈheɪvd◂/ [adjective phrase] a badly behaved child behaves badly and causes a lot of trouble 调皮捣蛋的，不守规矩的 two or three badly behaved children are causing all the problems in the class. 两三个捣蛋鬼就搅得全班不太平。 bad /bæd/ [adjective] spoken used especially to speak angrily to a child who has done something bad 【口】不听话的；不乖的［尤用于斥责做了坏事的小孩］ you've been a bad girl -- you know you're not allowed in my room when i'm not there. 你这女孩真不听话—你明知道我不在时你不可以进我的房间。 mischievous /ˈmɪstʃɪvəs, ˈmɪstʃəvəs/ [adjective] a child who is mischievous behaves badly, but in a way that makes people laugh rather than making them angry 淘气的，顽皮的 she was a mischievous little girl who was always playing tricks on people. 她是个淘气的小女孩，老是爱捉弄人。 mischievously [adverb] ‘it wasn't me who broke the window,’ she replied, grinning mischievously. “窗玻璃不是我打碎的。”她调皮地笑着回答。 spoiled also spoilt british /spɔɪld, spɔɪlt/ [adjective] children who are spoiled or spoilt behave badly because their parents always let them do what they want and have what they want ［小孩］宠坏的，惯坏的 you're a spoilt, ungrateful little girl! 你这个被宠坏的、忘恩负义的小女孩! those kids are definitely spoiled - they need to learn some manners. 那些小孩子真的被惯坏了，该让他们学点礼貌。 brat /bræt/ [countable noun] informal a child that you do not like, who behaves badly and is rude 【非正式】顽童，小坏蛋 the school is full of rich brats. 这所学校里全是些有钱的小无赖。spoiled/spoilt brat a child who behaves badly because they have always been allowed to do whatever they want 宠坏了的淘气鬼 should i tell him his kid is a spoiled brat? 我该告诉他，他的小孩是个宠坏了的淘气鬼吗？8. bad in a clever way 狡猾的 calculating /ˈkælkjɑleɪtɪŋ/ [adjective] making careful and clever plans in order to get what you want, without caring about what happens to other people 狡猾的；算计的，专为自己打算的 she was a cold, calculating criminal. 她是个冷血且工于心计的罪犯。 over the years his experiences had turned him into someone who was both calculating and ruthless. 他这些年来的经历已使他变成了一个工于心计、冷酷无情的人。 scheming /ˈskiːmɪŋ/ [adjective only before noun] always trying to cleverly control situations in order to get what you want, especially by deceiving other people 狡诈的［尤指欺骗他人］ blakemore was a cold, scheming man who could not be trusted. 布莱克莫尔是个冷酷又狡诈的人，不能信赖。 collins is best-known as the scheming alexis colby from the television series, ‘dynasty.’ 柯林斯最出名的是演电视连续剧《豪门恩怨》中那个狡诈的亚历克西丝·科尔比。9. having a bad way of life 生活方式腐化堕落的 immoral /ɪˈmɒrəlǁɪˈmɔː-/ [adjective] my parents think my lifestyle is both dangerous and immoral. 我父母认为我的生活方式既危险又不道德。 in many such stories, women are portrayed as untrustworthy and immoral. 在许多这一类的故事里，女人都被描绘成不可信任和不道德的人。 decadent /ˈdekədənt/ [adjective] a way of living that is decadent is concerned mainly with pleasure and enjoyment, and not with hard work or serious activities ［生活方式］腐化的；堕落的 we spent the whole summer drinking, smoking and lying around. it must sound totally decadent. 我们整个夏天都抽烟喝酒，游手好闲。听起来真够堕落颓废的。 decadence [uncountable noun] the decadence of berlin in the early 1930s had a definite charm. 20世纪30年代初期柏林的腐化生活着实有魅力。 degenerate /dɪˈdʒenərɪt, dɪˈdʒenərət/ [adjective] formal not keeping to many of society's accepted moral standards -- use this especially about someone who behaves in a way that is sexually immoral 【正式】堕落的；道德败坏的［尤指在性方面不道德的］ he was labelled a degenerate youth by his teachers, and left the town before he was 16. 他被老师称为堕落少年，16岁不到就离开了那个镇。10. bad or immoral behaviour 不良或不道德的行为 immorality /ˌɪməˈrælɪti, ˌɪməˈræləti/ [uncountable noun] bad or immoral behaviour, especially relating to sex 道德败坏［尤与性有关］ chicago is a dangerous city and she felt surrounded by corruption and immorality. 芝加哥是个危险的城市，她觉得那里四处都有腐化及道德败坏的现象。 religious leaders campaigned against immorality in the film and music industry. 宗教界领袖发起了反对电影和音乐界道德腐化的运动。 wrongdoing /ˈrɒŋˌduːɪŋǁˌrɔːŋˈduːɪŋ/ [uncountable noun] bad or immoral behaviour, especially involving crimes or not being fair or just 作恶；违法行为 the investigators found no evidence of wrongdoing and the company's managers were cleared of all charges. 调查人员未发现任何违法行为的证据，对公司经理们的指控被全部撤回。 misconduct /mɪsˈkɒndʌktǁ-ˈkɑːn-/ [uncountable noun] formal bad behaviour by someone in a position of authority or trust, who is expected to behave according to the rules of their profession 【正式】［有权威或受信任者的］不端行为；不诚实行为 the commission decided there was no evidence of misconduct. 委员会判定没有滥用职权的证据。professional misconduct at present, therapists cannot be found guilty of professional misconduct. 目前尚无法判定治疗专家玩忽职守。gross misconduct very serious misconduct 严重的不端行为 the police officer found guilty of being drunk on duty was dismissed for gross misconduct. 这名警察被发现酒后值勤，他因这一严重的失职行为而被开除。 wickedness /ˈwɪkɪdnəs, ˈwɪkədnəs/ [uncountable noun] a quality in someone that makes them enjoy behaving in a very bad or immoral way 邪恶；卑鄙 we sensed a wickedness in him that made us feel sick inside. 我们察觉到了他的邪恶，这令我们大家都感到恶心。11. an extremely bad action 暴行，恶行 atrocity /əˈtrɒsɪti, əˈtrɒsətiǁəˈtrɑː-/ [countable noun] an unusually cruel and violent action, usually against someone who has done nothing wrong, that is unacceptable even during a time of war ［通常对于无辜者所施加的令人发指的］暴行，罪大恶极的行为 the brutal destruction of an entire village was one of the worst atrocities of the vietnam war. 残酷地摧毁整座村庄是越南战争中最令人发指的暴行之一。 outrage /ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/ [countable noun] an extremely bad, and often cruel and unfair action that people think is shocking 令人震惊的暴行；极端的不公正 it's an outrage that men who didn't finish high school sometimes earn more than women with college educations. 高中都未毕业的男性有时倒比大学毕业的女性挣得多，简直太不公平。 the terrorist attack, in which two innocent tourists were murdered, is the third outrage of its kind this year. 在这次恐怖袭击中有两名无辜的游客遇害，这是今年以来所发生的第三起类似的暴行。12. to influence someone in a bad way 对某人施加不良影响 lead somebody astray /ˌliːd somebody əˈstreɪ/ [verb phrase] to encourage someone to do bad or immoral things that they would not normally do 使某人学坏；把某人引入歧途 they're afraid their son will be led astray by the older boys. 他们害怕儿子会跟着那些年纪较大的孩子学坏。 parents complained that teachers were leading students astray by discussing contraception and abortion in the classroom. 家长们投诉说老师在课堂上讨论避孕和堕胎是在把学生引入歧途。 set a bad example/be a bad example /ˌset ə bæd ɪgˈzɑːmpəl, biː ə ˌbæd ɪgˈzɑːmpəlǁ-ˈzæm-/ [verb phrase] if someone in a position of authority, such as a parent or teacher sets a bad example, they influence others to behave in a bad or immoral way because they themselves behave in a bad or immoral way ［父母或老师等有权威的人］树立坏榜样 doctors who smoke set a bad example. 抽烟的医生给人们树立了坏榜样。set a bad example/be a bad example to not only was it wrong of him to steal from the shop, he was setting a very bad example to his younger brother. 他在店里盗窃不仅是错误的，而且还给弟弟树立了坏榜样。be a bad example for/to somebody waters doesn't drink or curse because he doesn't want to be a bad example for young people. 沃特斯不喝酒不说脏话，因为他不想给年轻人树立坏榜样。 corrupt /kəˈrʌpt/ [transitive verb] to make someone who would not normally behave badly behave in an immoral way, especially by having some influence over them over a long period of time 使腐败，使逐渐堕落 the senate will form a committee to determine if violence on television is corrupting young people. 参议院将成立一个委员会来判定电视节目中的暴力行为会否带坏年青人。 the prison system does not work because many of the younger offenders are being corrupted by older, long-term prisoners. 监狱体制并不起作用，因为有许多年轻的罪犯正逐渐被年纪较大、刑期长的囚犯带坏。 be a bad influence /biː ə ˌbæd ˈɪnfluəns/ [verb phrase] someone who is a bad influence encourages someone else, especially a young person or someone who is easily influenced, to behave in the same bad or immoral way as themselves 施加不良影响［尤指对年轻人或易受影响的人］ my parents don't want me to be friends with you any more. they think you're a bad influence. 我父母不让我再和你做朋友了，他们觉得你对我产生了坏影响。be a bad influence on her new boyfriend has been a very bad influence on her. 她新交的男友对她产生了很坏的影响。13. a situation that you think is wrong or immoral 情况糟糕的或不道德的 bad /bæd/ [adjective only after noun] it's very bad that tons of food are going to waste while people are starving. 一方面数以吨计的粮食被浪费，另一方面人们在挨饿，这情况真是糟糕。 what's really bad is the way the government promises new housing and never provides it. 真正糟糕的是政府承诺提供新的住房，却又从不兑现。 wrong /rɒŋǁrɔːŋ/ [adjective not before noun] morally unacceptable, unfair, and against accepted ideas about what should be allowed to happen 不道德的；不应该发生的 i was taught that abortion is wrong, even though it's not illegal. 人们教导我，堕胎虽然算不上犯法，但是不道德的。 it's wrong the way they treat that poor animal. 他们这样对待那可怜的动物真不应该。 disgusting /dɪsˈgʌstɪŋ, dɪz-/ [adjective] something that is disgusting makes people feel shocked and angry, because it is completely immoral, evil, or unfair 令人憎恶的 the attitude toward immigrants and racial minorities in this country is disgusting. 这个国家对待移民和少数民族的态度真令人作呕。 it's disgusting the way politicians use their position to their personal advantage. 政客们利用职权谋取私利的行为令人憎恶。 shocking/scandalous /ˈʃɒkɪŋǁˈʃɑː-, ˈskændələs/ [adjective] very immoral, unfair, or cruel, in a way that people think is unnecessary and unacceptable 令人震惊的；骇人听闻的 the state of the country's health system is scandalous. 该国保健制度的状况骇人听闻。 a shocking waste of human life 骇人的草营人命情况 the amount of money spent on nuclear weapons is shocking. 花在核武器上的金额令人感到震惊。 it's scandalous that a lawyer who holds a position of trust would be involved in this kind of embezzlement. 被委以重任的律师竟然卷入这种侵吞公款案，真令人震惊。 outrageous /aʊtˈreɪdʒəs/ [adjective] a situation that is outrageous is extremely bad and unfair in a way that makes people very angry 骇人的；极不公正的；令人愤慨的 i've always thought it outrageous that the poor have to pay for tax cuts for the rich. 我一向认为富人的减税要穷人来补偿是极不公平的。 the president accused the writer of an outrageous personal attack on his wife. 总统指责该作者对他妻子作出令人难以容忍的人身攻击。 be a disgrace /biː ə dɪsˈgreɪs/ [verb phrase] if you say something is a disgrace, you think it should not be allowed to happen, because it is very unfair or unkind 是一种耻辱；不光彩 the way they treat their workers is a disgrace. 他们这样对待工人是一种耻辱。it's a disgrace (that) it's a disgrace that the only hospital in the town has been closed. 镇里唯一一家医院也关了门，太不像话了。 disgraceful [adjective] the way children speak to their parents nowadays is disgraceful. 如今的孩子对父母说话的态度太不像话了。 it's disgraceful that rapists are given such short sentences for such awful crimes. 强奸者犯下如此可怕的罪行却被判这么短的徒刑，真是可耻。 be a crime/be a sin /biː ə ˈkraɪm, biː ə ˈsɪn/ [verb phrase] you say that a situation is a crime or is a sin when you mean it is very bad, especially because it is not fair and could easily be prevented 简直是犯罪/罪过 no one should be in such a bad way that they have to beg. it's a sin. 一个人不应该落到乞讨这般糟糕的地步。这是一种罪过。 the condition of the inner cities in this country is nothing short of a crime. 这个国家各旧城区的情况简直惨不忍睹。it's a crime/sin to do something mrs clark said it would be a sin to evict them just because they hadn't paid their rent. 克拉克太太说单单因为没有交房租就把他们赶出去，那是不对的。 it would be a crime not to take this opportunity to reconstruct our educational system. 如不抓住这一机遇重塑我们的教育体制，真是罪过。 criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnəl, ˈkrɪmənəl/ [adjective] a situation that is criminal is morally wrong, but not illegal 不道德的；可耻的 i think keeping animals locked up in cages is criminal. 我认为把动物关在笼子里是不道德的行为。 having such beautiful paintings and not letting the public see them is a criminal waste of the nation's art treasures. 有如此美丽的画作却不让公众欣赏，这是一种浪费国家艺术珍品的可耻行为。 deplorable /dɪˈplɔːrəbəl/ [adjective] formal a situation that is deplorable is very bad, especially when it is unnecessary and could easily be prevented 【正式】可悲的；糟透的 something must be done about the deplorable state of our roads. 我们的道路状况如此不堪，一定要采取些措施才行。 in addition to their harsh sentences, the prisoners have been exposed to deplorable prison conditions. 这些囚徒不仅刑期判得严厉，还得面对狱中糟透的生活条件。☞ bad¹☞ bad² |
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