| 单词 | cruel |
| 释义 | cruel adjectiveverbs | adverb | preposition verbs➤be, seem, sound残酷；显得残酷；听起来残酷▸➤become变得残酷adverb➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.极其／相当／非常残暴◆an extremely cruel regime一个极端残暴的政权➤incredibly, unspeakably残暴得令人难以置信／无法形容▸➤a little, slightly, etc.有点儿／略有些残忍▸➤deliberately故意表现出残暴▸➤unnecessarily过分残暴preposition➤to对⋯残忍◆i can't stand people who are cruel to animals.我无法容忍虐待动物的人。 cruel adjective ➡ see also the entry for ruthless另见 ruthless 条cruel ♦︎ brutal ♦︎ savage ♦︎ vicious ♦︎ sadistic ♦︎ barbaric ♦︎ inhuman ♦︎ inhumanethese words all describe people deliberately causing pain and suffering.这些词均表示人残酷的、冷酷的、暴虐的。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆cruel / brutal / savage / vicious / sadistic / barbaric / inhuman / inhumane treatment◆cruel / brutal / savage / vicious / sadistic / barbaric / inhuman acts◆cruel / brutal / sadistic torture◆a cruel / an inhuman / inhumane punishment◆a cruel / brutal / vicious man◆cruel / savage / sadistic / inhuman eyes◆brutal / vicious / barbaric crimes◆brutal / savage / sadistic violence◆a brutal / savage / vicious / barbaric murder◆a brutal / savage / vicious attack / assault◆a brutal / savage killing / beating◆a brutal / vicious / sadistic killer / murderer■ cruel deliberately causing pain and suffering; showing a desire to cause pain and suffering残酷的；残忍的；残暴的◆he was known to be a cruel dictator.他是一个出了名的残暴独裁者。◆i can't stand people who are cruel to animals.我无法容忍虐待动物的人。◆her eyes were cruel and hard.她目光冷酷。opp kind → kind adj. , humane → sensitive 1 ▸ cruelly adverb◆the dog had been cruelly treated.那条狗曾经一直受到虐待。■ brutal /bruːtl/ deliberately causing physical pain and suffering残忍的；残暴的；兽性的◆we did not want to hear the details of the brutal attack.我们不想听那次野蛮攻击的细节。◆he had escaped from a brutal and repressive regime.他从一个残暴专制的政权逃了出来。 ➡ see also brutal → ruthless ▸ brutally adverb◆he had been brutally assaulted.他遭到了毒打。note 辨析 cruel or brutal? brutal is usually used to talk about murders or attacks, or the people or regimes that carry these out. cruel is used to talk about physical attacks too, but it is also commonly used to describe acts which cause mental pain and suffering. cruel can often give the impression that the person carrying out the violence is enjoying the experience; it can be used with words describing how people look. * brutal 一般用来形容谋杀或袭击，或施行此类暴行的人或政权。cruel 亦用于形容身体袭击，但也常用于描述引起精神痛苦和伤害的行为。cruel 常给人以施暴者以此为乐的印象，可与描述人的样子的词搭配◆a cruel mouth / grin / look残忍的嘴巴／咧嘴笑／样子 cruel can vary in strength: it can mean 'deliberately causing extreme pain' or it can just mean 'rather unkind'; brutal is always much stronger than 'unkind'. * cruel 表示的残忍程度可强可弱，可指“故意导致极端的痛苦”，或仅为“相当不和善”； brutal 表示的残忍程度总是比“不和善”大很多。 ➡ see also unkind → mean adj. 1■ savage /sævɪdʒ/ (especially journalism尤用于新闻) fierce and violent; causing great harm凶恶的；凶残的；损害严重的◆she had been badly hurt in what police described as 'a savage attack'.她遭受袭击而身受重伤 － 警方称这是一次“野蛮的袭击”。■ vicious /vɪʃəs/ violent and cruel狂暴的；残酷的；狠毒的◆he was set upon by vicious thugs.他受到凶狠暴徒的袭击。◆she has a vicious temper.她性情暴虐。ⓘ vicious is often also used, sometimes with attack, to talk about things that people say or write. * vicious 亦常形容言辞尖刻严厉，有时与 attack 连用。 ➡ see also vicious → vicious ■ sadistic /sədɪstɪk/ getting pleasure, especially sexual pleasure, from hurting other people施虐的；（尤指）喜欢性施虐的◆he took sadistic pleasure in taunting the boy.嘲讽这个男孩让他有施虐的快感。■ barbaric /bɑːbærɪk; name bɑːrbærɪk/ cruel and violent, and not as expected from people who are educated and respect each other残暴的；野蛮的；没有文化的◆it was described as a particularly barbaric act.那被描述成一种特别野蛮的行为。◆the way these animals are killed is barbaric.宰杀这些动物的方式很残忍。■ inhuman (rather formal) completely lacking the qualities of kindness and pity无同情心的；冷酷无情的◆we regard their treatment of the prisoners as inhuman.我们认为他们对待囚犯不人道。◆the photos showed inhuman and degrading conditions.这些照片展示了不人道和有辱人格的状况。▸ inhumanity noun [uncountable] ◆man's inhumanity to man人类相残 opp humanity → sympathy ■ inhumane (rather formal) not caring about the suffering of other people or animals, especially in the way they are treated or punished（对他人或动物的痛苦）无动于衷的；残忍的；不人道的◆they protested about the inhumane treatment of the prisoners.他们抗议对囚犯的非人对待。 opp humane → sensitive 1 crueldeliberately causing pain and suffering; showing a desire to cause pain and suffering残酷的；残忍的；残暴的◆he was known to be a cruel dictator.他是一个出了名的残暴独裁者。◆i can't stand people who are cruel to animals.我无法容忍虐待动物的人。◆her eyes were cruel and hard.她目光冷酷。opp kind → kind adj. , humane → sensitive 1 ▸ cruelly adverb◆the dog had been cruelly treated.那条狗曾经一直受到虐待。cruel/kru:əl ||; kruəl/adj (crueller;cruellest) causing physical or mental pain or suffering to sb/sth 残忍的；残酷的；冷酷的: ◇i think it's cruel to keep animals in cages. 我认为把动物关在笼里是很残忍的。◇a cruel punishment 残酷的惩罚 ➔cruelly /ˈkru:əli ||; ˈkruəlɪ/ advcruel1 words for describing people who are cruel2 cruel behaviour/punishments/treatment3 deliberately cruel in order to upset someone4 cruel behaviour5 to treat a person or animal in a cruel way6 not cruelrelated wordsoppositekind,to treat someone badly and use them for your own advantage 对某人不好并利用他们 use,see alsounkind,violent,bad,strict/not strict,1. words for describing people who are cruel 描写残酷的人的词语 cruel /ˈkruːəl/ [adjective] someone who is cruel deliberately causes pain or makes people suffer 残忍的，残酷的 children can sometimes be very cruel. 小孩子有时候会很残忍。 brand was a cruel and intimidating man who abused his children and his wife. 布兰德虐待自己的妻儿，是个残忍骇人的家伙。cruel to her parents were very cruel to her when she was young. 她年幼时，父母对她非常残忍。 cruelly [adverb] the prisoners were so cruelly beaten that some even died in captivity. 囚犯们遭到了毒打，有的甚至死在牢狱之中。 ruthless /ˈruːθləs/ [adjective] so determined to get what you want that you do not care how much you harm other people 无情的，冷酷的 these men are ruthless terrorists and will kill anyone who tries to stop them. 那些家伙是残忍的恐怖分子，会杀死任何企图阻止他们的人。 father could be quite ruthless about getting his own way. 父亲为了达到目的，可能相当无情。 the ruthless dictator, joseph stalin 无情的独裁者约瑟夫·斯大林 ruthlessly [adverb] all political opponents were ruthlessly executed. 所有的政治异己都被无情地处决了。 heartless /ˈhɑːʳtləs/ [adjective] not feeling any pity and not caring about other people or their problems 无情的，冷酷的；铁石心肠的 how can you be so heartless? 你怎么能那么冷酷? in his autobiography, he portrays his father as cold and heartless. 在自传中，他把父亲描绘成冷酷无情的人。 she was a heartless, money-grabbing woman who made her fortune from the misery and desperation of others. 她是个铁石心肠、见钱眼开的女人，以别人的痛苦和绝望为代价发财致富。 tyrannical /tɪˈrænɪkəl, təˈrænɪkəl/ [adjective] using your power to cruelly force other people to do what you want 暴虐的，专横的 lewis was a tyrannical boss who frightened and humiliated his employees. 刘易斯是个专横的老板，他威吓、羞辱员工。 thousands of refugees fled the tyrannical regime in search of political freedom. 成千上万的难民逃离暴虐的政权，追求政治自由。 sadistic /səˈdɪstɪk/ [adjective] someone who is sadistic gets pleasure from making other people suffer 施虐狂的 the principal was a sadistic man who enjoyed tormenting his students. 校长是个施虐狂，他以折磨学生为乐。 in the film, khan portrays a murderer who gets a deep sadistic thrill out of killing. 影片中，卡恩扮演了一个从杀人中获取极度施虐刺激的凶手。 ‘i'm afraid you will never see your children again,’ he said with a sadistic smile. “恐怕你再也见不到自己的孩子了。”他面带施虐的微笑说道。 sadistically [adverb] the man was taken deep into a mississippi forest by a local gang and sadistically murdered. 那人被当地的匪帮带至密西西比的一个森林深处，然后被残忍地杀害了。 sadist /ˈseɪdɪst, ˈseɪdəst/ [countable noun] someone who enjoys being cruel to other people 施虐狂，虐待狂 andrea's father was an absolute sadist. it's not surprising she hates him. 安德烈娅的父亲绝对是个施虐狂，难怪她恨他。 bully /ˈbʊli/ [countable noun] someone who uses their authority or strength to frighten or hurt someone who is weaker 恃强凌弱者 a group of kids stood by and watched the school bully beat up a smaller boy. 一群小孩袖手旁观，看着那个学校里的恶霸打一个年纪较小的男孩子。 critics describe the mayor as an arrogant bully who hates to be contradicted. 批评家把市长形容成盛气凌人的恶霸，讨厌别人顶撞他。 tyrant /ˈtaɪərənt/ [countable noun] someone in a position of power who treats other people very cruelly 暴君 she was a tyrant who had absolutely no tolerance for mistakes. 她是个暴君，绝不允许出错。2. cruel behaviour/punishments/treatment 残酷的行为/惩罚/对待 cruel /ˈkruːəl/ [adjective] intended to upset someone or make them suffer 残忍的，残酷的 lyle was always playing cruel jokes on his little sister. 莱尔老是跟妹妹开恶毒的玩笑。 the electric chair is possibly the cruellest method of execution. 电椅可能是最残酷的处决方式。it is cruel to do something i think it's cruel to keep dogs locked up inside all day. 我认为整天把狗关起来是残酷的。 barbaric /bɑːʳˈbærɪk/ [adjective] extremely cruel, in a way that shocks people 野蛮的，凶残的 we consider the death penalty to be barbaric. 我们认为死刑是残忍的。 the barbaric treatment of civilians in the concentration camps 集中营里对平民的虐待 inhuman /ɪnˈhjuːmən/ [adjective] very cruel and not showing any of the pity or concern that normal people feel when they see other people suffering 无人性的；野蛮的；极其残酷的 the prison conditions in this country are inhuman. 该国监狱的环境缺乏人性。 the government has been accused of using artificial and inhuman criteria to decide which refugees should be deported. 政府被指控使用野蛮的人为标准来决定哪些难民应该被驱逐出境。 inhumane /ˌɪnhjuːˈmeɪn/ [adjective] inhumane treatment/conditions/methods etc actions or conditions that are not considered acceptable because they cause too much suffering 不人道的待遇/条件/方法等 amnesty international is protesting against the inhumane treatment of these political prisoners. 大赦国际抗议这些政治犯受到不人道的待遇。 this method of slaughtering chickens is now regarded by many as inhumane. 这种杀鸡方法现在被许多人认为是不人道的。 cold-blooded /ˌkəʊld ˈblʌdə̇d◂/ [adjective usually before noun] cold-blooded murder/killing/attack a murder etc done without showing any feeling or pity for the person who is attacked 无情的谋杀/杀戮/袭击 the entire nation has been shocked by the cold-blooded murder of the two girls. 全国上下对那两个女孩被残杀感到震惊。 in cold blood /ɪn ˌkəʊld ˈblʌd/ [adverb] if you kill someone in cold blood, you kill them in a cruel and deliberate way without showing any emotion 无情地 the killers hunted pedro down like an animal and murdered him in cold blood. 杀手们像追踪野兽一样追踪佩德罗，将他无情地杀害。3. deliberately cruel in order to upset someone 为令人不安而故意残忍 malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/ [adjective] deliberately cruel and unkind to someone because you really want to upset them and enjoy doing so 恶意的；恶毒的 miss simms took a malicious pleasure in other people's misfortunes. 西姆斯小姐对别人幸灾乐祸。 mr jameson dismissed the allegations as malicious rumours. 詹姆森先生把那些指控当作恶意的诽谤，置之不理。 nixon's family called stone's depiction of the late president ‘erroneous and malicious’. 尼克松家族称斯通对已故总统的描写“不正确而且恶毒”。 maliciously [adverb] beatrice maliciously delighted in catherine's dismay. 凯瑟琳感到很忧虑，而比阿特丽特却幸灾乐祸。 malice /ˈmælɪs, ˈmæləs/ [uncountable noun] heard told the court that he had acted out of love and not malice. 赫德向法院陈述说，他的举动是出于爱，并非恶意。 ‘i see,’ she said, and her small eyes glimmered with malice. “我明白。”她说道，小眼睛里闪着恶意。 spiteful /ˈspaɪtfəl/ [adjective] deliberately nasty to someone in order to hurt or upset them, especially because you are jealous of them or are angry with them 怀有恶意的；恶毒的［尤因妒忌或愤怒］ on the rare occasions when he was angry, lowry could be spiteful and petty. 劳里偶尔生气时会充满恶意、心胸狭窄。spiteful to you shouldn't be so spiteful to your sister. 你不该对妹妹那么恶毒。 i tried to like julie but i couldn't forget how spiteful she'd been to me in the past. 我试着喜欢朱莉，可我无法忘记过去她对我多么恶毒。 spitefully [adverb] ‘doreen never liked you,’ rob said spitefully. “多琳从来就没有喜欢过你。”罗布满怀怨恨地说道。 spite /spaɪt/ [uncountable noun] a feeling of wanting to hurt or upset other people by saying or doing cruel things, especially if you feel jealous or think you have been unfairly treated 恶意；怨恨，坏心眼 gerald's feelings of injustice turned to bitterness and spite. 杰拉尔德的委屈变成了怨愤和仇恨。pure/sheer spite spite and nothing else 纯粹的怨恨［别无他意］ ignore what martin says. it's pure spite. 别理马丁说的话，那全是气话而已。out of spite because of spite 出于怨恨 she quit college and worked as a waitress out of spite towards her parents. 出于对父母的怨恨，她从大学退学，当了侍者。 vindictive /vɪnˈdɪktɪv/ [adjective] deliberately cruel and unfair because you want to harm someone who has harmed you 想复仇的；怀恨的 ‘i'll pay her back for this.’ ‘don't be so vindictive. it doesn't help anyone.’ “这笔账我会找她算的。”“别那么记恨。这对谁都没好处。” doug could be nasty and vindictive when he was drinking. 道格喝酒时会露出凶相，不怀好意。 vindictiveness [uncountable noun] tom's generosity to his friends was matched by vindictiveness to those who fell out of his favour. 汤姆对朋友慷慨大方，同时对不再喜欢的人又非常记恨。4. cruel behaviour 残忍的行为 cruelty /ˈkruːəlti/ [uncountable noun] cruel treatment or behaviour 残忍的行为 what kind of person could treat a fellow human being with such cruelty? 什么人能那么残酷地对待他的同类? her black eye and bruises were undeniable evidence of his cruelty. 她的黑眼圈和瘀伤是他虐待的明证。cruelty to burnett has campaigned against cruelty to animals for more than 20 years. 伯内特已与虐待动物的行为斗争了20多年。 abuse /əˈbjuːs/ [uncountable noun] deliberately cruel treatment of someone, especially someone in your family that you are supposed to care for ［尤指对有责任或应该照顾的对象的］虐待 doctors believed that there was no evidence of abuse, despite the woman's claims. 医生们相信，尽管有那位女性的陈述，还是没有虐待的证据。child abuse cruel treatment of children 虐待儿童 there has been an increase in the number of cases of child abuse. 虐待儿童案的数量在上升。sexual abuse when someone forces another person to take part in sexual activities 性虐待 a victim of sexual abuse 一位性虐待的受害者 bullying /ˈbʊliɪŋ/ [uncountable noun] cruel treatment of someone who is smaller, younger, or weaker - use this especially about children being cruel to other children 恃强凌弱［尤用于孩子间］ the government has become involved in the effort to solve the problem of bullying in schools. 政府已经在努力解决学校里以大欺小的问题。 mistreatment/ill-treatment/maltreatment /mɪsˈtriːtmənt, ɪl ˈtriːtmənt, mælˈtriːtmənt/ [uncountable noun] cruel treatment of people or animals, especially those you have some control over ［对人或动物的］虐待，粗暴的对待 there can be no good reason for the ill-treatment of factory-farm animals. 工厂化农场里的动物不应该受到虐待。 jailers singled out certain prisoners for maltreatment. 狱卒挑选出一些犯人加以虐待。 there can be no excuse for the mistreatment of people seeking asylum in this country. 没有理由粗暴对待在这个国家里寻求避难的人。 persecution /ˌpɜːʳsɪˈkjuːʃən, ˌpɜːʳsəˈkjuːʃən/ [uncountable noun] cruel treatment of people because of their religious or political beliefs, or because of the race they belong to ［因宗教、政治信仰、种族不同而进行的］迫害 many jews fled to america to escape persecution in europe. 许多犹太人为了免遭迫害，从欧洲逃到美国。 katya asked the united states to protect her from persecution in her home country. 卡泰亚请求美国保护不受本国的迫害。persecution of the relentless persecution of american communists in the 1950s 20世纪50年代对美国共产党人的残酷迫害 atrocities /əˈtrɒsɪtiz, əˈtrɒsətizǁəˈtrɑː-/ [plural noun] extremely cruel and shocking actions against people, especially during a war 暴行［尤指在战时］ survivors from the concentration camps had witnessed unspeakable atrocities. 集中营的幸存者目睹了言语无法形容的暴行。commit atrocities retreating soldiers told stories of awful atrocities committed by the enemy. 撤退的士兵们叙述了敌军犯下的可怕暴行。 sadism /ˈseɪdɪzəm/ [uncountable noun] taking pleasure in cruel acts 虐待狂 sadism may stem from a desire to dominate. 虐待狂也许来源于支配欲。 mzukwa grew quiet as he recalled the brutality and sadism of the prison guards. 迈朱克瓦回想起狱警的残暴和虐待狂便沉默下来。 inhumanity /ˌɪnhjuːˈmænɪti, ˌɪnhjuːˈmænəti/ [uncountable noun] cruelty that includes violence and a complete lack of sympathy for people's suffering 无人性；野蛮；残酷 reformists were appalled by the immorality and inhumanity of the slave trade. 不道德而且无人性的奴隶贸易使改革主义者大为惊骇。 the novel focuses on the inhumanity of prisons and labour camps. 这部小说重点表现了监狱和劳改营里的人所遭受的非人待遇。5. to treat a person or animal in a cruel way 残忍地对待人或动物 be cruel to /biː ˈkruːəl tuː/ [verb phrase] my father drank too much and was often very cruel to my mother. 我父亲酗酒，而且常常对母亲很凶暴。 it is unspeakably cruel to the prisoners to house them in such conditions. 把囚犯关押在这种环境里，其残忍难以言表。 mistreat/ill-treat /mɪsˈtriːt, ɪl ˈtriːt/ [transitive verb] to deliberately treat a person or animal in a cruel way, especially when you are responsible for looking after them 虐待［尤指有责任照顾的人或动物］ it looks as though this dog has been mistreated by its owner. 这条狗看上去像是受了主人的虐待。 neighbours were sure that the young couple had been ill-treating their children. 邻居们确信这对年轻夫妇一直在虐待他们的孩子。 bully /ˈbʊli/ [transitive verb] to be cruel to someone who is weaker, younger, or has less authority than you 以大欺小 a group of girls would bully the younger kids, and force them to give them money. 一帮女孩子会欺侮小一点的孩子，逼他们交钱。 the court heard that the head of department would routinely bully and humiliate workers. 证人在法庭上作证说，部门负责人经常欺侮、羞辱工人。 abuse /əˈbjuːz/ [transitive verb] to treat someone in your family or someone you are responsible for in a cruel way, especially violently or sexually 虐待，凌虐［家人或有责任照顾的人］ my father abused us for years. 多年来父亲一直虐待我们。 erica runs a hostel for women who have been abused by their husbands. 埃丽卡管理一家为受丈夫虐待的女性提供服务的旅舍。sexually abuse force someone to take part in sexual activities 性虐待 erik testified he was sexually abused by his father since the age of 6. 埃里克证实，自六岁起他一直受到父亲的性虐待。 persecute /ˈpɜːʳsɪkjuːt/ [transitive verb] to be cruel to a person or group of people over a period of time, because of their race or their religious or political beliefs 迫害，残害［因种族或宗教、政治信仰不同］ countries all over europe have persecuted gypsies for centuries. 许多世纪以来，全欧洲的国家一直迫害吉卜赛人。 human rights advocates say racial minorities continue to be persecuted. 人权拥护者称少数民族继续受迫害。 persecution /ˌpɜːʳsɪˈkjuːʃən/ [uncountable noun] they left the country to escape religious persecution. 他们为逃避宗教迫害而离开那个国家。 treat somebody like dirt /ˌtriːt somebody laɪk ˈdɜːʳt/ [verb phrase] informal to treat someone as if they were completely worthless and not care about their feelings 【非正式】视某人为草芥；瞧不起某人 she treats him like dirt but he still loves her. 她根本瞧不起他，但他还是爱她。 i wanted us to be friends again, but i wasn't prepared to be treated like dirt to achieve it. 我希望我们再成为朋友，但是我也不想为此而被你踩在脚下。 pick on /ˈpɪk ɒn/ [transitive phrasal verb] informal to choose someone from a group to treat cruelly and unfairly especially by repeatedly criticizing them 【非正式】专和…过不去，专找…岔子 bullies usually pick on younger children. 恶棍们专和比自己小的孩子过不去。 why don't you pick on someone your own size? 你为什么不和个子跟你一样的人过不去？ older members of staff often pick on an apprentice and make his life a misery. 老员工常常找新手的岔子，弄得他们苦不堪言。 victimize also victimise british /ˈvɪktɪmaɪz, ˈvɪktəmaɪz/ [transitive verb usually passive] if a person or group is victimized, they are treated unfairly, for example because of their beliefs, their race, or because they are weak 不公正地对待；迫害 he wasn't happy at the school and said he was victimized because of his colour. 他在学校里并不快乐，他说因为他肤色不同，受到了别人的歧视。 the company says she was not dismissed because of her political activities but she claims she was victimized. 公司说并不是因为她的政治活动而解雇她，而她却称自己受到了迫害。6. not cruel 不残酷的 humane /hjuːˈmeɪn/ [adjective] treating people or animals in way that is not cruel and causes them as little pain or suffering as possible 人道的，仁慈的 imprisonment is not a humane form of punishment. 监禁是一种不人道的惩罚方式。 french revolutionaries considered death by guillotine to be a more humane method of execution. 法国革命党人将上断头台视为较人道的处决方式。 humanely [adverb] we must all try to treat farm animals more humanely. 我们所有人对待农场动物都要更加仁慈。 cru·el /`kruəl; ˈkruːəl/adj 1. deliberately making people or animals feel pain or sadness 残忍的，残酷的:◇+ to children can be very cruel to each other. 孩子们会对彼此十分残酷。 2. a cruel event causes a lot of sadness 引起痛苦的:◇her husband's death was a cruel blow. 她丈夫的死对她是无情的打击。 ☞ cruel |
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