体育教师教育类课程发展的新诉求及内容优化建议

    张赫 唐炎

    

    

    摘????? 要:梳理我国教师教育发展历程和基础教育体育课程的实际需求,探讨体育教师教育类课程改革的新方向:提升专业品质内涵,注重师德养成;关注教学对象信息,扩展儿童成长相关内容;加强体育学科教学知识,突出专业属性;完善课程内容结构,强化实践取向;落实终身学习理念,推动个人专业发展。以此为引领,提出内容优化建议:调整学校体育学、体育教学论、体育教材教法、现代教育技术应用的内容;补充体育教学对象分析、儿童健康教育、体育与健康课程标准内容;加强教师专业品质、体育基本教学技能、运动项目教学能力、课余体育指导、体育游戏等内容;减弱班级管理、心理咨询、教育研究方法、儿童发展等内容。最后,形成以专业品质、教育知识、教育能力3个维度为框架的体育教师教育类课程内容体系。

    关? 键? 词:体育教师;教育类课程;体育教育专业;课程内容优化

    中图分类号:G807??? 文献标志码:A??? 文章编号:1006-7116(2019)03-0101-08

    Abstract: By collating the course of development of teacher education in China and the actual needs of physical education courses in basic education, the authors summed up the following five new directions for the reform of physical education teacher education courses: uplift professional quality connotations, value teacher morality cultivation; concern teaching object information, expand children growth related contents; strengthen physical education discipline teaching knowledge, highlight professional attributes; perfect the course content structure, intensify the practice orientation; implement the lifelong learning conception, boost individual professional development. Guided by the said directions, the authors put forward the following suggestions for content optimization: adjust the contents of school physical education, physical education teaching theories, physical education teaching materials and methods, modern education technology application; supplement such contents as physical education teaching object analysis, children health education, and physical education and health curriculum standards; improve the teachers professional qualities, physical education basic teaching skills, sports event teaching abilities, extracurricular sports guidance, and sports games; weaken class management, psychological consultation, education research methods and children development. Lastly, a physical education teacher education course content system, which bases its frameworks on such 3 dimensions as professional quality, education knowledge and education ability, is formed

    Key words: physical education teacher;education course;physical education major;course content optimization

    體育教师教育类课程是体育教育专业中专门培养教育教学能力的一类课程,在教师教育专业化发展和基础教育改革的大背景下,许多院校和学者已经发现该类课程在设置上存在不足[1-3]。目前,这些问题已经影响到体育教师教育教学能力的养成。现阶段,有部分院校对培养方案进行了调整,但就结果来看大多是对原有课程的小修小补,例如增加几门政策中强调的内容,对课程理论与实践部分的比例进行变更等[4]。这样确实增加了教育类课程的学分比例,授课形式也更加丰富,但是在缺乏对课程内容系统整理基础上的增减,又会产生新旧内容冲突、与学生实际情况不匹配等新问题。随着教师教育改革的深入,一系列政策文件均对教师教育类课程提出了新要求,特别是2018年1月中共中央国务院发布了《关于全面深化新时代教师队伍建设改革的意见》,作为新中国成立以来党中央出台的第一个专门面向教师队伍建设的政策文件,更进一步指明了教师教育的发展路线。由此,本研究从社会需求角度入手,将相关政策的导向精神落实到体育领域中,结合基础教育体育课程的实际需要,探讨体育教师教育类课程新的改革方向;并以此为引领,对照前期研究中发现的课程问题[5],梳理体育教师教育类课程内容体系,提出优化建议。