标题 | CT诊断肝脏病变的临床特点及应用价值 |
范文 | 王伟理 【摘要】目的 通過对确诊患者 CT影像的分析,探讨在对肝脏病变的诊断过程中 CT检查的应用价值。方法 选取某医院2016年1月~2018年6月确诊存在肝脏病变的患者45例,其中13例患者为肝癌、11例患者为脂肪肝、10例患者为肝硬化、6例患者为肝脓肿、5例患者肝囊肿。 脂肪肝11例、肝硬化10例、肝脓肿6例、肝囊肿5例。抽取其在院期间的CT扫描影像资料进行分析。结果 肝肝癌患者多为单发病灶,病灶部位呈现出圆形或者近圆形的肿块状,肿块密度不均匀灶部位呈现低密度,呈现出圆形或者近圆形的肿块状,肿块密度不均匀,动脉期内CT值迅速增强,病灶部位密度显著高于周围的正常肝实质,而在门静脉期却比正常肝实质更低的密度。脂肪肝患者平扫表现为全肝的密度降低,肝内血管影清晰,呈树枝状高密度影,且行走分支等均正常。肝硬化患者肝脏边缘呈结节状凹凸不平,可见肝叶增大和萎缩,密度不均匀,弥漫性减低,存在多发性再生结节。肝脓肿患者CT扫描影像显示圆形或者近圆形的低密度肿块,中央位置分布有脓腔,CT值位于水和肝之间,偶见气泡或液气平面,呈现出双环征与三环征。肝囊肿患者CT扫描影像显示病灶处为圆形或椭圆形,边缘清晰,呈现出均匀的低密度分布。结论 CT扫描影像能够清晰地展现患者的病灶情况,有利于提高临床对患者病情治疗的准确性,值得继续推广应用。 【关键词】CT;肝脏病变;诊断 【中图分类号】R445 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】ISSN.2095.6681.2019.34..02 【Abstract】Objective To explore the value of CT examination in the diagnosis of liver lesions through the analysis of CT images of diagnosed patients.Methods A hospital was selected from January 2016 to June 2018 to confirm the existence of liver lesions in 45 patients,of which 13 patients were liver cancer,11 patients were fatty liver,10 patients were liver cirrhosis,6 patients were liver abscess,5 patients liver cyst.Fat liver 11 cases,liver cirrhosis 10 cases,liver abscess 6 cases,liver cyst 5 cases.The CT scan image data during the hospital were extracted for analysis.Results Liver cancer patients were mostly single lesions,the lesions showed a round or nearly circular mass,the masses showed a low density,and the masses showed a round or nearly circular mass.The density of the masses was uneven.During the arterial phase,the CT value increased rapidly,and the density of the site of the lesion was significantly higher than that of the surrounding normal hepatic parenchyma,while the density of the portal vein was lower than that of the normal hepatic parenchyma.Lipid liver patients with flat sweep showed a decrease in the density of the entire liver,clear blood vessels in the liver,a dendritic high-density shadow,and normal walking branches.Liver edges of patients with cirrhosis are nodular and uneven.It can be seen that the liver leaves increase and shrink,the density is uneven,the diffusivity is reduced,and multiple regenerated nodules exist.CT scans of patients with liver abscesses show a round or nearly circular low-density mass with an abscess in the central position.The CT value is located between the water and the liver.Occasionally,bubbles or liquid gas planes exhibit double ring signs and triple ring signs.CT scans of patients with liver cysts showed that the lesion was round or elliptical, with clear edges and a uniform low density distribution.Conclusion CT scan can clearly show the condition of the patient, it is helpful to improve the accuracy of the clinical treatment of the patient's condition,and it is worth further promotion and application. 【Key words】CT;Liver lesions;diagnosis 由于肝脏病变在早期普遍没有明显的特异性病症在临床实践过程中,影像学检查是诊断肝脏病变的重要方法,例如B超、CT扫描、磁共振成像等[1],本次研究通过对确诊患者CT影像的分析,探讨在对肝脏病变的诊断过程中CT检查的应用价值。 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料 选取某医院2016年1月~2018年6月确诊存在肝脏病变的患者45例。其中男26例,女24例,年龄28~58岁,平均(49.26±7.02)岁。肝脏病变分别为:13例患者为肝癌、11例患者为脂肪肝、10例患者为肝硬化、6例患者为肝脓肿、5例患者肝囊肿。 1.2 方法 碘海醇注射液100ml作为造影剂,采用GE Light speed4 CT诊断仪器进行扫描。使患者采取仰卧位,先行平行扫描,再行增强扫描。扫描后将得到的影像传送至计算机进行分析处理,由两位高年资主治医师对患者的肝脏疾病进行位置判断和病情分析,形成报告。 2 结 果 (1)肝癌患者。平扫CT扫描影像中显示9例患者为单发病例,4例患者为多发病灶。病灶部位呈现低密度,呈现出圆形或者近圆形的肿块状,肿块密度不均匀,增强扫描影像表现按动脉期、门静脉期、延迟期分为三个阶段。动脉期内CT值迅速增强,病灶部位密度显著高于周围的正常肝实质,而在门静脉期却比正常肝实质更低的密度,在延迟期又恢复了类似平扫的表现[2]。 (2)脂肪肝患者。平扫CT扫描影像表现为全肝的密度降低,肝内血管影清晰,呈树枝状高密度影,且行走分支等均正常,而在增强 CT扫描影像中,肝内的血管显示更加清楚。 (3)肝硬化患者。平扫CT扫描影像显示肝脏边缘呈结节状凹凸不平,可见肝左叶和尾状叶增大和肝右叶萎缩,肝实质内密度不均勻,弥漫性减低,存在以散在的高密度结节为表现的多发性再生结节,这种情况在增强扫描中呈现地更为明显[3]。 (4)肝脓肿患者。平扫CT扫描影像显示圆形或者近圆形的低密度肿块,中央位置分布有脓腔, CT值位于水和肝之间,偶见气泡或液气平面。增强CT影像中呈现为双环征与三环征,肝脓肿患者的特殊CT表现即为“环征”和气泡。 (5)肝囊肿患者。平扫CT扫描影像显示病灶处为圆形或椭圆形,边缘清晰,呈现出均匀的低密度分布,增强CT显示囊肿无强化效果,显示情况同平扫CT且更清楚。 3 讨 论 本次研究经CT扫描成像后发现肝癌患者多为单发病灶,病灶部位呈现出圆形或者近圆形的肿块状,肿块密度不均匀。脂肪肝患者平扫表现为全肝的密度降低,肝内血管影清晰,呈树枝状高密度影,且行走分支等均正常。肝硬化患者肝脏边缘呈结节状凹凸不平,可见肝叶增大和萎缩,密度不均匀,弥漫性减低,存在多发性再生结节。肝脓肿患者CT扫描影像显示圆形或者近圆形的低密度肿块,中央位置分布有脓腔,CT值位于水和肝之间,偶见气泡或液气平面,呈现出双环征与三环征。肝囊肿患者CT扫描影像显示病灶处为圆形或椭圆形,边缘清晰,呈现出均匀的低密度分布。 总而言之,利用CT成像结合高年资医师的诊断分析,可以较为清晰地判断患者肝脏病变的位置及病发情况,有利于提高临床对患者病情治疗的准确性,及时发现病变采取积极治疗,值得继续在临床治疗中推广应用。 参考文献 [1] 肖兴丽.螺旋CT诊断肝脏病变的临床价值分析[J].医药前沿,2017,(7):123-124. [2] 许洁如.CT能谱成像在鉴别诊断胆囊良恶性病变中的初步临床应用研究[D].苏州大学,2017,(8):46-48. [3] 苏占亮,刘连杰,张丽微,等.能谱CT诊断早期原发性肝癌的研究进展[J].医疗装备,2018,(20):152-153. 本文编辑:赵小龙 |
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