| 单词 | principle |
| 释义 | principle noun¹ 1basic general rule基本规则adjective | verb + principle | principle + verb | preposition | phrases adjective➤basic, broad, central, fundamental, general, underlying基本原则；主要原则；总的原则◆the basic principles of car maintenance汽车保养的基本原则➤bedrock, cardinal, core, essential, key基本／首要／核心／根本／关键原则▸➤universal普遍的准则➤organizing组织原则◆his novels reject chronology as an organizing principle.他的小说放弃了以年代为序的布局原则。➤abstract, theoretical抽象／理论原则◆she is interested in actual human relationships rather than abstract principles.她感兴趣的是人与人之间实际存在的关系，而不是抽象的原则。➤constitutional, democratic, legal, market, political宪政／民主／法律／市场／政治原则➤mathematical, physical, scientific数学／物理／科学原理verb + principle➤violate违反原则◆this violates every principle of good writing.这违反了优秀文章的所有原则。➤embody, embrace, illustrate, incorporate体现／接受／说明／整合原则◆the house incorporates many principles of modern environmentally aware design.这所房子采用了许多具有现代环保意识的设计原则。➤discover, establish, formulate, lay down发现／建立／制订／规定原则▸➤apply, invoke运用／援引原则▸➤articulate, explain, outline阐明／解释／概括原则principle + verb➤apply原则应用◆this principle applies to all kinds of selling.这一原则适用于各种形式的销售。➤underlie sth, underpin sth原理构成⋯的基础◆the principles underlying western philosophy构成西方哲学基础的基本原则preposition➤in principle原则上◆i agree with you in principle, but we'll need to discuss the details.我原则上同意你的意见，但是我们需要讨论一下细节问题。➤principle behind背后的原则◆she went on to explain the principles behind what she was doing.她接着解释了自己行为背后的原则。phrases➤the pleasure principle, the precautionary principle, the uncertainty principle快乐／预防／不确定性原则◆does everything we do come down to the pleasure principle?我们做的一切都符合快乐原则吗？principle noun² 2moral rule道德规范adjective | verb + principle | preposition | phrases adjective➤high高度的道德准则▸➤founding, guiding基本／指导性行为规范◆freedom is the founding principle of our republic.自由是我们共和国的基本行为准则。➤biblical, religious《圣经》／宗教原则▸➤christian, islamic, etc.基督教、伊斯兰教等的行为准则▸➤ethical, moral伦理／道德规范◆he was a man of high moral principles.他是一个道德高尚的人。verb + principle➤abandon, betray, compromise放弃／背叛／有损于原则◆i refuse to compromise my principles by eating meat.我拒绝违背自己的原则开荤。➤adhere to, stick to, uphold坚持行为准则◆she sticks to the principle that everyone should be treated equally.她坚持一视同仁的准则。➤be enshrined in sth⋯受到原则的保护◆the principle of equality is enshrined in our constitution.平等原则是我国宪法明文规定的。preposition➤against your principles违背行为准则◆eating meat was against her principles.吃肉违背她的行为准则。➤on principle出于道德准则◆she's opposed to abortion on principle.她出于道义的原因反对堕胎。phrases➤a matter of principle原则问题◆they reject the proposal as a matter of principle.他们拒绝了这一提议，对他们来说这是个原则问题。➤a man/woman of principle (= person with high moral standards) 品行端正的男人／女人 principle /prɪnsəpl/ noun [countable] 1.a law, rule or theory that sth is based on 法则；原则；原理◆the principles of banking have not changed much over the centuries. 几个世纪以来，银行业的原则没有多大改变。2.a general or scientific law that explains how sth works or why sth happens 定律；工作原理◆the principle that heat rises 热气上升的定律 syn law (5) ●in principle1.if sth can be done in principle, there is no reason why it should not be done although it has not been done yet 理论上；原则上◆in principle, such loans have always been available. 原则上，这样的贷款一直可以提供。2.in general but not in detail 基本上；大体上◆the companies reached an agreement in principle last week. 上周，这些公司基本上达成了协议。 ability-to-pay principle ◇ accounting principle ◇ benefit principle ◇ pareto's principle ◇ statement of principles ☞ principleprinciple noun 1➤a matter of principle原则问题➤the principle that education should be available to all所有人都应有权受教育的观念 ➡ see also the entries for morality and values另见 morality 条和 values 条principle ♦︎ ethics ♦︎ ideal ♦︎ standards ♦︎ morals ♦︎ moralitythese are all words for a moral rule or strong belief that influences people's actions.这些词均表示道德规范、道德意识。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆high principles / ideals / standards◆personal principles / ethics / standards / morality◆public ethics / morals / morality◆moral principles / ideals / standards◆religious principles / ideals / morality◆political principles / ethics / ideals / morality◆professional ethics / standards◆have (no / high etc.) principles / ideals / standards / morals◆compromise your principles / ideals / standards◆betray your principles / ideals◆a matter / question of principle / ethics / morality■ principle [countable, usually plural, uncountable] a moral rule or strong belief that influences your actions道德原则；行为准则；规范◆i refuse to lie about it－it's against my principles.我绝不就此事说谎 － 那样做违背我的原则。◆stick to your principles and tell him you won't do it.要恪守自己的原则，告诉他你是不会干的。◆he doesn't invest in the arms industry on principle.他有自己的原则，不投资军火工业。 ➡ see also unprincipled → corrupt ■ ethics /eθɪks/ [plural] moral principles that control or influence sb's actions; the degree to which sth is right or wrong according to these principles道德准则；伦理标准；道德水平◆their professional body is drawing up a code of ethics (= a statement of acceptable principles for a particular group).他们的专业组织正在拟订一套道德规范。◆he began to question the ethics of his position.他开始质疑自己的立场是否符合道德准则。ⓘ ethics is used especially about the principles that control a particular area of activity, especially business or professional life. collocates include professional, business and medical. * ethics 尤指商业道德或职业道德，与之搭配的词有 professional、business 和 medical。 ➡ see also ethical → good 5 , ethical → moral , ethic → values ■ ideal [countable] an idea or standard that seems perfect and worth trying to achieve or obtain理想；看似完美的思想（或标准）◆his followers sometimes found it hard to live up to his high ideals.他的追随者有时觉得很难达到他的高标准。◆is true love an unattainable ideal (= one that can never be achieved)?真爱是渺不可得的吗？■ standards [plural] a level of behaviour that sb considers to be morally acceptable行为标准；道德水准◆standards aren't what they used to be.现在的行为标准跟以前不一样了。◆we intend to uphold standards of behaviour throughout the college.我们希望维护整所大学的道德水平。■ morals [plural] standards or principles of good behaviour, especially in sexual matters（尤指性方面的）品行，道德◆he thinks that young people these days have no morals.他觉得现在的年轻人根本不讲道德。◆the play was considered an affront to public morals.人们认为这出戏有辱公德。 ➡ see also amoral → corrupt , moral → good 5 , moral → moral ■ morality /məræləti/ [uncountable] a system of moral principles followed by a particular person or group of people; the degree to which sth is right or wrong according to these principles道德规范；道德体系；道德水平◆whatever her personal morality, she has no right to judge others.不管她的个人品行如何，她都没有权利去评判他人。◆there is a continuing debate on the morality of abortion.关于堕胎是否道德的辩论持续不休。 ➡ see also moral → good 5 , moral → moral principle noun 2➤a matter of principle原则问题➤the principle that education should be available to all所有人都应有权受教育的观念principle ♦︎ rule ♦︎ law ♦︎ tenetthese are all words for a belief about the way sb should behave and what actions they should take.这些词均表示行事原则、行为准则。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆the principle / rule / law / tenet that ...◆a basic / fundamental principle / rule / law / tenet◆a moral principle / rule / law◆a religious principle / law◆to accept a principle / rule / tenet◆to apply a principle / rule■ principle [countable, uncountable] a belief that is accepted as a reason for acting or thinking in a particular way观念；（行动或思想的）理由；信条◆their policy is based on the principle that free education should be available for all children.他们的政策以所有儿童都有权享受免费教育的理念为基础。◆the order to show no mercy was contrary to the most basic principles of their religion.绝不心慈手软这一命令与他们宗教最基本的信条相背离。 ➡ see also principle → theory 1 ■ rule [countable] a statement of what you do, or are advised to do, in a particular type of situation规矩；准则◆i've made it a rule not to talk to the press.我已立下规矩，不接受媒体采访。◆there are no hard and fast rules for planning healthy meals.在安排健康饮食方面，没有什么一定之规。◆the golden rule (= most important rule) of teaching is to remember that all children learn at different rates.做教师最重要的一条是要牢记孩子学习有快有慢。 ➡ see also rule → habit , rule → rule noun , rule → theory 1 , as a rule → usually ■ law [countable, uncountable] a rule or set of rules for good behaviour or how you should behave in a particular situation良好行为的准则；（某场合下的）行为规范◆he frequently behaved as though moral laws did not exist.他的所作所为常常无视道德准则的存在。 ➡ see also law → rule noun , law → theory 1 ■ tenet /tenɪt/ [countable] (formal) one of the principles or beliefs that a theory or larger set of beliefs is based on原则；信条；教义◆underlying leninism was the tenet that revolution was inevitable.列宁主义的根本信条是革命是不可避免的。principle [countable, usually plural, uncountable] a moral rule or strong belief that influences your actions道德原则；行为准则；规范◆i refuse to lie about it－it's against my principles.我绝不就此事说谎 － 那样做违背我的原则。◆stick to your principles and tell him you won't do it.要恪守自己的原则，告诉他你是不会干的。◆he doesn't invest in the arms industry on principle.他有自己的原则，不投资军火工业。 ➡ see also unprincipled → corrupt principle [countable, uncountable] a belief that is accepted as a reason for acting or thinking in a particular way观念；（行动或思想的）理由；信条◆their policy is based on the principle that free education should be available for all children.他们的政策以所有儿童都有权享受免费教育的理念为基础。◆the order to show no mercy was contrary to the most basic principles of their religion.绝不心慈手软这一命令与他们宗教最基本的信条相背离。 ➡ see also principle → theory 1 principle [countable, uncountable] an idea or theory that sth is based on; a general or scientific idea that explains how sth works or why sth happens法则；原则；原理；定律◆the principle behind it is very simple.这背后的原理很简单。◆we must get back to first principles (= the basic principles of sth).我们必须回到根本原则上来。◆it is based on the principle that heat rises.这是基于热气上升的定律。◆a tidal current turbine is similar in principle to a windmill.潮流涡轮机从原理上和风车相似。 ➡ see also principle → principle 2 principle/ˈprɪnsəpl ||; ˈprɪnsəpḷ/noun1. [c,u] a rule for good behaviour, based on what a person believes is right 原则；行为准则: ◇he doesn't eat meat on principle. 他依照原则不吃肉。◇she refuses to wear fur. it's a matter of principle with her. 她拒绝穿毛皮，对她来说，那是个原则问题。 2. [c] a basic general law, rule or idea 原理；定律: ◇the system works on the principle that heat rises. 那系统根据热空气上升的原理运作。◇the course teaches the basic principles of car maintenance. 这门课程教授汽车保养的基本原理。 in principle in general, but possibly not in detail 基本上；大体上: ◇his proposal sounds fine in principle, but there are a few points i'm not happy about. 他的建议听起来大体上不错，但有几点我不太满意。 prin·ci·ple /`prɪnsəpḷ; ˈprɪnsɪpəl/n 1. [c,u] a moral rule or idea that has a strong influence on the way you behave 道德准则，道德观念，为人之道:◇it's against my principles to hit a child. 打孩子违反我的道德准则。◇on the principle that beliefs based on the principle that everyone is equal 以人人平等为准则的信仰◇on principle (=because of a moral idea) 出于道德观念: she doesn't eat meat on principle. 她由于道德的原因不吃肉。 2. [c] a rule that explains the way something works, especially in science or mathematics ［尤指科学或数学的］原理:◇the principles of geometry 几何学原理 3. in principle a) if something is possible in principle, there is no reason why it should not happen 按道理，原则上:◇in principle, you can leave work early on friday, but it's not always possible. 原则上周五可以早些下班，但并非总是有这种可能的。 b) if you agree in principle, you agree with the main parts of a plan 基本上，大体上，原则上:◇we're hoping the contract will be approved in principle. 我们希望这份合同大体上能得到认可。 ☞ principle |
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