| 单词 | previous |
| 释义 | previous adjectiveprevious ♦︎ old ♦︎ former ♦︎ past ♦︎ prior ♦︎ distant ♦︎ remote ♦︎ bygonethese words all describe sth belonging to an earlier time.这些词均表示过去的、从前的。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆(a) previous / former / past / distant / remote / bygone era / times◆a previous / past / distant / remote / bygone age◆a previous / former / past / prior existence◆(a) previous / past experience / history / life◆a previous / former / past owner / president / prime minister◆a previous / prior engagement◆previous / prior knowledge◆former / past glories◆the distant / remote past◆a distant / remote ancestor◆very / fairly old / distant / remote■ previous [only before noun] happening or existing before the event or object that you are talking about先前的；以往的◆no previous experience is necessary for this job.这一工作无需相关经验。◆the car has only had one previous owner.这辆车只有过一位车主。◆she is his daughter from a previous marriage.她是他和前妻的女儿。◆we had met on two previous occasions.我们以前见过两次面。opp current → recent , future → next ▸ previously adverb◆the building had previously been used as a hotel.这座楼以前曾是旅馆。 opp currently → recent ■ old [only before noun] belonging to an earlier time or to an earlier time in your life过去的；（人生中）从前的◆things were different in the old days.从前的情况可不一样。◆i went back to visit my old school.我回去拜访了母校。■ former [only before noun] (rather formal) gone by in time; belonging to an earlier time过去的；昔日的◆this fine ruin was, in former times, a royal castle.这个保留完好的遗址以前是座皇家城堡。◆the historic quarter of the city has been restored to its former glory.具有历史意义的城区已经恢复了昔日的壮丽。◆it is one of the countries of the former soviet union.它是前苏联国家之一。▸ formerly adverb◆i learned that the house had formerly been an inn.我得知这所房子以前是家客栈。■ past [usually before noun] gone by in time; belonging to an earlier time过去的；昔日的◆in past years the industry received large subsidies.在过去，这一行业得到很大的补贴。◆the book is a celebration of working class life in times past.这本书颂扬了过去工人阶级的生活。◆the time for discussion is past.讨论时间已过。◆from past experience i'd say he'd probably forgotten the time.根据过去的经验，我想他可能忘记时间了。◆the reunion is for past and present students of the college.这次重聚同乐会是为老校友和在校学生举办的。◆let's forget about who was more to blame－it's all past history.咱们别提谁更应该受责怪了吧，那都是陈年旧账了。opp present → recent , future → next ➡ see also the past → past note 辨析 old, former or past? old is used especially to talk about things from your own life. * old 尤用于形容自己人生中以前的事物◆my old school / teacher / colleagues我的母校／以前的老师／老同事you can use former in these cases but it sounds rather formal; past cannot be used.在这些场合也可以用 former，但会显得相当正式，past 则不能用◆my past school/teacher/friends/colleagues your old friends are friends that you have known for a long time; your former friends are people who are no longer your friends. old is not used to talk about times that have gone by, except in the phrase the old days. * old friends 指相识很久的老朋友； former friends 指以前的朋友，现在不是朋友了。old 不用于表示“过去的年代”，只有在短语 the old days 中才有这个含义◆an old age/era ◆in old times/years/centuries you can use either former or past in these cases: former sounds more formal; past sounds more personal or more literary. you can talk about your own past experience: these are things that have happened to you in the past, or what you have learnt from them; your previous experience is usually experience of a particular type of work.在这些场合可以用 former 或 past，former 显得较正式，past 显得更私人化或更有文学韵味。past experience 指以前经历过的事情或从中得到的经验，previous experience 通常指某一类工作的相关经历◆your old/former experience former can describe a country or organization that no longer exists or has changed. * former 可以形容不复存在的或已经改变的国家或组织◆the former yugoslav republic前南斯拉夫共和国◆the old/past yugoslav republic ■ prior /praɪə(r)/ [only before noun] (formal) previous先前的；以往的◆visits are by prior arrangement.来访须预约。◆this information must not be disclosed without prior written consent.未事先征得书面许可，此消息不得泄露。◆they have a prior claim (= already existing and therefore more important) to the property.他们有权优先获得此处房产。ⓘ prior is a more formal way of saying previous, especially when you are talking about making arrangements, giving permission, or deciding which of two people or things is more important; collocates include arrangement, engagement, commitment, notice, notification, warning, consent, approval, authorization, permission and claim. * prior 是 previous 较正式的说法，尤用于谈论安排、许可或确定两者中哪个更重要。与 prior 搭配的词有 arrangement、engagement、commitment、notice、notification、warning、consent、approval、authorization、permission 和 claim。■ distant [usually before noun] far away in time（时间上）遥远的；久远的◆the time we spent together is now a distant memory.我们一起度过的时光现已成为遥远的记忆。◆we will be moving house in the not too distant future (= quite soon).我们很快就要搬家。■ remote /rɪməʊt; name rɪmoʊt/ [only before noun] very far away in time（时间上）遥远的；久远的◆a remote ancestor (= one who lived a long time ago) 远祖note 辨析 distant or remote?the distant past/future is not always as far away in time as the remote past/future. you can talk about the not too distant past/future, meaning 'not very long ago/quite soon', but not◆the not too remote past/future * distant past/future 不一定如 remote past/future 久远。not too distant past/future 指不久之前或不远的将来，但不说 the not too remote past/future。■ bygone /baɪgɒn; name baɪgɔːn, baɪgɑːn/ [only before noun] (written) belonging to an earlier time以前的；以往的；昔日的◆the horse and cart belongs to a bygone era.这辆马车属于过去的时代。previous [only before noun] happening or coming immediately before the time or thing you are talking about（时间或顺序上）稍前的◆he went jogging on friday, despite the doctor's warnings the previous day (= the day before the time mentioned).尽管医生前一天刚警告过他，可他周五还是去慢跑了。◆we dealt with this in the previous chapter.我们在前一章论及了这一点。 opp the following → next previous [only before noun] happening or existing before the event or object that you are talking about先前的；以往的◆no previous experience is necessary for this job.这一工作无需相关经验。◆the car has only had one previous owner.这辆车只有过一位车主。◆she is his daughter from a previous marriage.她是他和前妻的女儿。◆we had met on two previous occasions.我们以前见过两次面。opp current → recent , future → next ▸ previously adverb◆the building had previously been used as a hotel.这座楼以前曾是旅馆。 opp currently → recent previous/ˈpri:viəs ||; ˈprivɪəs/adj coming or happening before or earlier 以前的；先前的: ◇do you have previous experience of this type of work? 你以前做过这种工作吗？ ➔previously adv ◇before i moved to spain i had previously worked in italy. 我移居西班牙前，曾经在意大利工作。 previoussee ⇨ before 4,5,6 pre·vi·ous /`privɪəs; ˈpriːviəs/adjhappening or existing at an earlier time 以前的，先前的:◇she has two children from a previous marriage. 她前一次婚姻有两个孩子。◇she said she had seen him the previous day. 她说她前一天看到他。 ☞ previous |
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