| 单词 | surplus |
| 释义 | surplus nounadjective | verb + surplus | surplus + noun | preposition adjective➤big, huge, large大量剩余；巨大的剩余◆a large grain surplus大量余粮➤small少量剩余➤projected预计的盈余◆a projected surplus of $5.6 trillion over ten years预计的 10 年 56 亿美元盈余➤agricultural农产品过剩➤budget, current-account, federal, social-security, trade预算／经常账户／联邦／社保／贸易盈余➤consumer, producer (both economics经济学) 消费者／生产者剩余verb + surplus➤have, run (especially name) 有盈余◆japan runs a large current-account surplus.日本拥有巨额的经常账户盈余。➤generate, produce生成／产生盈余➤project (especially name) 预计有盈余surplus + noun➤cash, stock现金盈余；库存剩余preposition➤in surplus有盈余◆the pension fund is in surplus.养老基金有盈余。surplus /sɜːpləs; name sɜːrp-/ noun [countable, uncountable] 1.an amount that is extra or more than you need 过剩；剩余；过剩量；剩余量◆a surplus of housing 住房过剩◆the area has large job surpluses, requiring 10 000 people to fill available posts. 这个地区有大量过剩的工作岗位，需要 1 万人来填补空缺。◆skilled workers are in surplus in some regions. 有些地区的技术工人过剩。 syn glut opp shortage (accounting 会计; economics 经济学) the amount by which money that a government or business receives is greater than the amount of money spent in a particular period of time 盈余；顺差◆the country has a huge budget surplus as it is a large oil exporting nation. 由于这个国家是石油输出大国，所以有巨大的预算盈余。◆the balance of payments was in surplus last year (= the value of exports was greater than the value of imports). 去年国际收支出现顺差。◆the final-salary pension plan still has a healthy surplus. 最终薪金退休金计划仍有一大笔盈余。 ➡ deficit ➡ see note at profit buyer's surplus ◇ consumer surplus ◇ structural surplus ◇ trade surplus surplus /sɜːpləs; name sɜːrp-/ adjectivemore than is needed or used 剩余的；过剩的；多余的◆surplus cash/funds 剩余的现金／资金◆surplus grain is being sold for export. 余粮正销往国外。◆these items are surplus to requirements (= not needed). 这些物品是多余的。◆the industry is suffering from surplus capacity (= it can produce more than is needed) across the world. 这个行业正面临全球生产能力过剩的难题。☞ surplus☞ surplus☞ profitssurplus /sɜːpləs; name sɜːrpləs/ more than is needed or used过剩的；多余的◆surplus grain is being sold for export.过剩的谷物正销往国外。◆these items are surplus to requirements (= not needed).这几项不需要。▸ surplus noun [countable, uncountable] ◆ (rather formal) agricultural surpluses lead to the disposal of thousands of tonnes of food every year.农产品过剩造成每年有数千吨食物被丢弃。◆after meeting domestic needs any surplus will be exported.满足国内需求后所有的剩余产品都销往国外。opp deficit , shortage → lack note 辨析 excess, spare or surplus? spare is the most informal of these words, and is the one that is most likely to be used in spoken language and everyday contexts. surplus is often used in business contexts to refer to extra goods or money.这些词中 spare 最不正式，最常用于口语和日常语境。surplus 常用于商务语境，指剩余商品或资金◆surplus stock / material / products, surplus capital / funds / income / profits剩余库存／材料／产品；剩余资本／资金／收入／利润to talk about an extra amount that is seen as a bad thing, excess is often used. * excess 常指不好的事物过多的◆excess body fat / carbon dioxide / baggage过多的体内脂肪／二氧化碳；超重行李surplus [countable, uncountable] (finance金融) the amount by which the amount of money received is greater than the amount of money spent盈余；顺差◆britain at that time enjoyed a trade surplus of £400 million.那个时期英国的贸易盈余有 4 亿英镑。◆the balance of payments was in surplus last year (= the value of exports was greater than the value of imports).去年的国际收支有盈余。surplus/ˈsɜ:pləs ||; ˈsɝpləs/noun [c,u] an amount that is extra or more than you need 盈余；剩余；过剩: ◇the food surplus in western europe 西欧国家食物过剩 surplus adj ◇they sell their surplus grain to other countries. 他们把剩余的粮食卖给别的国家。 surplussee ⇨ profit 1 ⇨ too/too much 4☞ surplus¹☞ surplus² |
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