| 单词 | increase |
| 释义 | increase nounadjective | verb + increase | increase + verb | preposition | phrases adjective➤big, considerable, dramatic, drastic, enormous, exponential, huge, large, major, marked, massive, significant, substantial, vast巨大的增长；可观的增长；大幅增长；指数级增长；显著的增加▸➤moderate, modest, slight, small适度的增加；略微的增加；小幅增长▸➤apparent明显的增加▸➤rapid, sharp, steep, sudden迅速的／急剧的／陡然的／突然的增加▸➤gradual, incremental, progressive, steady逐步增多；稳步增长▸➤fivefold, tenfold, etc. * 5 倍、10 倍等的增长▸➤10%, etc. * 10% 等的增长➤double-digit (especially name) 两位数的增长◆sales of beef have experienced double-digit increases.牛肉销量经历了两位数的增长。➤concomitant (formal) , corresponding, proportional, resulting伴随的／相应的／相称的／随之而来的增长◆their reputation has improved, bringing a corresponding increase in revenues.他们的信誉有了改善，收益也相应增长。➤average, mean平均增长◆the average increase in value last year was 4.3%.去年价值平均增长达 4.3%。➤net, overall, total净增长；总额的增加；增长总量▸➤across-the-board全面增加◆the pay rise represented an across-the-board increase of between 9% for the highest paid and 32% for the lowest paid worker.这次工资是全面上调，工资最高的工人上调 9%，工资最低的工人上调 32%。➤annual, monthly, etc.年度、月度等增长➤projected, proposed预计的／提议的增长◆retirement planning often starts with projected cost-of-living increases.退休规划常常从生活费用上涨的估算开始。➤pay, salary, wage薪金上调；工资的上涨➤budget, dividend, fare, price, rent, spending, tax, tuition (name) 预算增加；红利的增多；交通费的增加；价格上涨；租金上涨；花费增加；税额的增加；学费上涨➤population, productivity, temperature人口增长；生产率提高；温度升高verb + increase➤demonstrate, experience, see, show呈现出增长；有增长◆many parts of the country have experienced an increase in unemployment.该国许多地区失业率都有所上升。◆this year saw an increase in the number of job applicants.今年求职者有所增加。◆profits show a steady increase.利润稳步增长。➤enjoy享有增长◆the country is enjoying the biggest increase in business confidence for years.该国目前的商业信心指数上升幅度是数年来最大的。➤achieve实现增长◆we achieved a small increase in profits of £3 257.我们盈利 3,257 英镑，实现了小幅增长。➤bring, bring about, cause, lead to, produce, result in带来增长；引起增长；导致增多◆intensive farming has brought about an increase in outbreaks of food poisoning.集约农业导致食物中毒事件有所增加。◆the war resulted in a massive increase in government spending.战争使政府开支大大增加。➤observe观察到增加◆you would expect to observe an increase in births during peacetime.你会看到和平时期出生率有所上升。➤predict预言增长◆some companies are predicting price increases of 30% or more.有些公司预言价格会上升 30%，甚至更多。➤propose, suggest提议／建议增加◆he proposed a large tax increase.他提议大幅度增税。➤indicate, reflect, represent表现／反映出／体现增长◆improved profitability may indicate an increase in competitiveness.利润率的提高或许说明竞争力有所加强。➤be accompanied by, involve, mean伴随着增长；意味着增长◆the measures to improve the health service will involve an increase in government spending.旨在改善公共医疗服务的各项措施会使政府开支有所增加。➤announce, post, report宣布／公布／报告增长◆the company reported a 9.5% increase in third quarter losses.这家公司报告第三季度的亏损增加了 9.5%。increase + verb➤occur增长出现preposition➤on the increase正在增长◆burglaries in the area are on the increase.该地区入室盗窃案件正在增加。➤increase in在⋯方面的增长◆there has been an increase in demand for two-bedroom houses.对两居室房屋的需求有所增长。➤increase on, increase over与⋯相比有增长◆the figures show a sharp increase on last year's turnover.数据显示营业额与去年相比有大幅增长。➤increase to增加到⋯◆a dividend increase to 11.4 pence股息涨到 11.4 便士phrases➤a rate of increase增长率increase verbadverb | verb + increase | preposition adverb➤considerably, dramatically, drastically, enormously, exponentially, greatly, markedly, significantly, substantially, tremendously, vastly大幅增长；急剧增长；增长巨大；呈指数级增长；显著增加▸➤slightly略有增长▸➤gradually, progressively逐渐增长；递增◆progressively increase the intensity of the exercise over three weeks.在 3 个星期里逐步增加练习强度。➤rapidly, sharply, steeply迅速增长；激增▸➤steadily稳步增长➤slowly缓慢增长▸➤twofold, threefold, etc.增加一倍／两倍等◆sales increased almost fourfold in this period.这一时期销售额几乎增长了三倍。verb + increase➤be expected to, be likely to预期增长；很可能增加◆demand is expected to increase over the next decade.预计在今后的 10 年中需求将会增长。preposition➤by增长⋯◆the budget has increased by more than a third in the last year.去年预算增加了三分之一强。➤from以⋯为起点增长▸➤in在⋯方面增长◆to increase in amount / number / price / size在数额／数量／价格／规模上增长➤to增加到◆last month the reward was increased from $20 000 to $40 000.上个月奖金从 2 万美元增加到了 4 万美元。➤with随着⋯增长◆disability increases with age.年龄越大，身体越不灵活。increase verb /ɪnkriːs/ [intransitive, transitive] to become or to make sth greater in amount, number, value, etc. （使）增长，增多，增加，上升，提高◆revenues increased 4.5 per cent to ¥3 537 billion. 收入增加了 4.5% 达到 35 370 亿日元。◆the rate of inflation increased by 2%. 通货膨胀率上升了 2%。◆oil has increased in price. 石油价格上涨了。◆concerns over increasing unemployment 忧虑越来越高的失业率◆we need to increase productivity. 我们需要提高生产率。◆they've increased the price by 50%. 他们已将价格提高了 50%。 opp decrease ⨁ to increase considerably / dramatically / sharply / significantly大幅度地／巨大地／急剧地／明显地增长 ⨁ to increase gradually / slightly / steadily逐渐地／轻微地／稳步地提高 ⨁ to increase in number / size / value数字／大小／价值的增加 ▸ increased adjective [only before noun] ◆increased demand 增加了的需求increase noun /ɪŋkriːs/ [countable, uncountable] a rise in the amount, number or value of sth 增长；增多；增加；上升；提高◆the company reported a 12 per cent increase in costs. 公司报告说成本增加了百分之十二。◆we expect sales to show a significant increase from/over last year. 我们预计销售量比去年有了明显增长。◆a year-on-year increase (= between this year and the previous year) 逐年增长◆they demanded a wage increase of 3 per cent. 他们要求加薪百分之三。◆industrial activity is on the increase. 工业活动越来越多。◆the rate of increase has slowed. 增长率减缓。 opp decrease ⨁ a big / dramatic / large / sharp / significant increase大的／大幅的／巨大的／急剧的／明显的增加 ⨁ a pay / salary / wage increase报酬／薪金／工资增加 ⨁ a cost / (an interest) rate / price / tax increase成本／（利息）率／价格／税额的上涨 ☞ increase☞ increase☞ increases and decreasesincrease nounincrease ♦︎ growth ♦︎ inflation ♦︎ rise ♦︎ gain ♦︎ surge ♦︎ hike ♦︎ spiral ♦︎ raise ♦︎ upturnthese words all refer to a situation when the amount, level or number of sth goes up.这些词均表示数量的增加、增长或水平的提高。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike / a spiral / an upturn in sth◆an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike of 20%◆(a) significant / sharp increase / growth / inflation / rise / gain / surge / hike / upturn◆(a) large / considerable / huge / massive increase / growth / inflation / rise / gain / surge / hike◆(a) sudden increase / growth / inflation / rise / gain / surge / hike / upturn◆(a) moderate increase / growth / inflation / rise / hike◆(a) slow / gradual / steady increase / growth / inflation / rise / spiral◆(a) tax / price / wage increase / growth / inflation / rise / hike / raise◆to see an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike / an upturn◆to lead to / mean / report an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike◆to cause / represent an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge◆to show an increase / growth / a rise / a gain / a surge■ increase [countable, uncountable] a rise in the amount, number or level of sth增长；增多；增加◆there has been a steady increase in demand for the service.对这种服务的需求稳步增长。◆this year saw an increase of nearly 20% in the number of visitors.今年游客人数增加了近 20%。◆the figures show a significant increase on last year's turnover.数据显示营业额比去年有了显著增长。◆homelessness is on the increase (= increasing).无家可归者越来越多。opp cut , decrease , reduction → reduction ➡ see also increase in sth → gain verb 2 , increase → rise verb ■ growth [uncountable, singular] an increase in the size, amount or degree of sth增加；增长；增强◆the report links population growth with rural poverty.该报告把人口增长与农村的贫困联系起来。◆the growth in average earnings has remained constant.平均收入保持了连续增长。◆recent years have seen a huge growth of interest in alternative medicine.近年来人们对替代疗法的兴趣愈加浓厚了。 ➡ see also grow → rise verb ■ inflation /ɪnfleɪʃn/ [uncountable] a rise in the prices of services and goods in a country, resulting in a fall in the value of money; the rate at which this happens通货膨胀；通胀率◆the bank is introducing new measures to curb inflation.银行正采取抑制通货膨胀的新措施。◆wage increases must be in line with inflation.工资的增长必须与通货膨胀一致。◆inflation is currently running at 3%.当前的通胀率为 3%。■ rise [countable] an increase in the number, amount or level of sth增长；增多；增加◆the industry is feeling the effects of recent price rises.该行业已感觉到最近价格上涨的影响。◆there has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work.失业人数急剧增长。opp fall , decline , drop → reduction ➡ see also rise → rise verb note 辨析 increase, growth or rise?in many cases you can use any of these words.在许多情况下这三个词可以通用◆a rapid increase / growth / rise in the number of private cars私家车数量的迅速增加 growth is often uncountable and is used especially to talk about size: population growth is much more typical than 'population increase/rise'. it is also more often used to talk about sth positive. * growth 常作不可数名词，尤指规模的增长； population growth 比 population increase/rise 更常用。growth 更多指好的增长◆the growth in earnings / employment / demand收入／就业／需求的增长 increase and rise are often used to talk about more negative things. * increase 和 rise 常指较负面的增长◆an alarming increase / rise in violent crime暴力犯罪惊人的增加 increase is more general than rise, used for things that increase by themselves or that are increased deliberately by sb. rise is used more for things that happen to rise, rather than for deliberate increases. price rises are seen from the point of view of the people buying things, not selling them. businesses announce price increases; customers feel the effects of price increases/rises.与 rise 相比，increase 的意思更宽泛，指自身或人为的增长。rise 较多指偶然发生的而非人为的增长。price rises 表示从买者而非卖者的角度看到的价格上涨。商家宣布提价用 announce price increases 表示；消费者感觉到提价的影响用 feel the effects of price increases/rises 表示。■ gain [countable, uncountable] an increase in the amount of sth, especially in wealth or weight（尤指财富或重量的）增值，增加◆a £3 000 gain from our investment从我们的投资中获取的 3 000 英镑的收益◆regular exercise is the best way of preventing weight gain.经常锻炼是防止体重增加的最佳方法。 opp loss ⓘ loss [uncountable, countable] is the state of no longer having sth or as much of sth, or the process that leads to this. * loss 指丧失、损失、丢失◆weight loss体重减轻◆loss of blood失血◆the closure of the factory will lead to a number of job losses.工厂倒闭会使许多人失业。 ➡ see also loss → debt , gain → gain verb 2 ■ surge /sɜːdʒ; name sɜːrdʒ/ [countable] a sudden increase that happens in the amount or number of sth; a large amount of sth（数量的）急剧上升，激增；大量；一大批◆economists have reported a surge in consumer spending.经济学家通报了消费开支的激增。◆after an initial surge of interest, there has been little call for our services.开始时的一阵新鲜劲过后，对我们服务的需求变得很小。 ➡ see also surge → soar verb , surge → wave noun 2 ■ hike [countable] (informal, especially journalism尤用于新闻) a large or sudden increase that sb makes in prices or taxes（价格或税额的）大幅度提高，猛增◆higher crude oil prices mean price hikes for consumers too.原油价格的上涨对消费者来说意味着物价也会大幅度提高。◆borrowers will be hit hard by the latest hike in interest rates.新近利率的大幅上扬将使借款人遭受沉重打击。■ spiral /spaɪrəl/ [uncountable] a continuous harmful increase in sth, that gradually gets faster and faster螺旋式上升（指有害的持续加速增长）◆how can we halt the destructive spiral of violence in the inner cities?我们怎样才能遏止内城区日益严重的破坏性暴力行为？◆the country is caught in a vicious spiral of rising wages and prices.该国陷入了工资和物价持续上涨的恶性循环之中。ⓘ spiral can also be used to talk about a similar harmful decrease in sth. * spiral 亦可指类似的有害的下降◆the book gives a harrowing account of a downward spiral of drink, drugs and despair.这本书对从酗酒、吸毒再到绝望的沉沦之路作了令人心痛的描述。■ raise [countable] (name) an increase in the money you are paid for the work you do加薪；工资增长◆if i asked my boss for a raise he'd fire me.我要是要求老板加薪，他会解雇我。ⓘ in british english this is called a rise.在英式英语中表达此义用 rise。■ upturn /ʌptɜːn; name >ʌptɜːrn/ [countable, usually singular] an increase in the amount of business that is done; a time when the economy becomes stronger（营业额的）增加，提高；（经济的）回升，好转◆the restaurant trade is on the upturn.餐饮业正在复苏。◆an upturn in the economy经济好转 opp downturn → reduction increase verbincrease ♦︎ raise ♦︎ boost ♦︎ intensify ♦︎ maximize ♦︎ heighten ♦︎ inflate ♦︎ step sth up ♦︎ turn sth upthese words all mean to make the amount, number or level of sth bigger or greater.这些词均表示增加、提高、加强。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to increase / raise / boost / inflate / step up sth by 15%, 250, £100, a third, etc.◆to increase / raise / boost / inflate / step up sth from 150, $500, etc.◆to increase / raise / boost / inflate / step up sth to 150, $500, etc.◆to increase / raise / boost / maximize / inflate prices◆to increase / raise / boost / maximize your income◆to increase / raise / boost / heighten awareness / interest◆to increase / raise / boost / maximize support◆to increase / raise / boost confidence◆to increase / raise / intensify / step up the pressure◆to increase / intensify / maximize / heighten / step up security◆to increase / raise / boost / intensify / heighten / inflate sth greatly / further■ increase [transitive] to make sth greater in amount, number, level, degree or value使增长；增加；提高◆we need to increase productivity.我们需要提高生产力。◆they've increased the price by 50%.他们已经加价五成。◆last month the reward was increased from £20 000 to £40 000.上个月报酬从 2 万英镑增加到了 4 万英镑。 opp decrease , reduce → reduce ➡ see also increase → rise verb ▸ increased adjective [only before noun] ◆increased demand / pressure / spending上升的需求／压力／开支■ raise [transitive] to increase the amount or level of sth增加，提高（数量或水平）◆the government has promised not to raise taxes.政府已承诺不加税。◆they raised their offer to $500.他们将出价抬高到 500 元。◆how can we raise standards in schools?我们怎样才能提高学校的水准？◆don't tell her about the job until you know for sure－we don't want to raise her hopes (= make her hope too much).没确定之前别告诉她工作的事，我们不想让她期望过高。◆i've never heard him even raise his voice (= speak louder because he was angry).我甚至从没听到他提高过嗓门儿。opp lower → reduce note 辨析 increase or raise?in many cases you can use either word. increase is slightly more frequent when talking about numbers, prices and figures; raise is more useful for abstract nouns such as feelings and qualities.在许多情况下这两个词可以通用。表示数额、价格和数字时用 increase 略多； raise 较常跟表示感情与品质等的抽象名词搭配◆to raise interest / awareness提高兴趣／意识 raise is also used in idiomatic expressions such as raise sb's hopes and raise your voice. * raise 亦用在 raise sb's hopes 和 raise one's voice 等惯用语中。■ boost /buːst/ [transitive] (often approving, especially journalism尤用于新闻) to make sth increase, or become better or more successful使增长；使兴旺◆the new service helped to boost pre-tax profits by 10%.这项新服务使税前利润增长了 10%。◆a last-minute rush by christmas shoppers boosted sales.圣诞前最后一波购物热潮使商店营业额大增。◆getting that job did a lot to boost his ego (= make him feel more confident).得到那份工作使他信心倍增。ⓘ boost is always used to talk about a positive increase. * boost 总是表示往好的方面增长◆to boost productivity / sales / spending提高生产力／销售额；增加开支◆to boost sb's morale / career / confidence提高某人的士气；提升某人的事业发展；增强某人的信心◆to boost taxes/pressure/tension ■ intensify /ɪntensɪfaɪ/ [transitive, intransitive] to increase an activity or feeling in degree or strength; (of an activity or feeling) to increase in degree or strength加强，增强（活动或感情）；（活动或感情）强化，加剧◆the opposition leader has intensified his attacks on the government.反对派领袖加强了对政府的攻击。◆the reforms served only to intensify the misery of the poorer peasants.这些改革只是让贫困农民的日子更苦了。◆violence intensified during the night.夜间暴力活动加剧了。■ maximize (bre also maximise) [transitive] (rather formal, especially business尤用于商业) to increase sth as much as possible; to make the best use of sth使最大化；充分利用；最大限度地利用◆they drew up a six-point plan to maximize safety and efficiency in the use of the equipment.为了最大限度地提高设备使用的安全性和效率，他们制订了一个六点计划。◆ (computing计算机) maximize the window to full screen.将窗口最大化。◆the purpose of the restructuring is to maximize opportunities in the global market.企业重组的目的是为了充分利用全球市场的机会。 opp minimize → reduce ■ heighten /haɪtn/ [transitive, intransitive] to increase an effect or feeling or make it stronger; (of an effect or feeling) to increase or become stronger加强（效果或情感）；（效果或情感）强化◆fears of further racial conflict were heightened by news of the riots.暴乱的消息使人们更加担心会爆发进一步的种族冲突。◆tension heightened after the recent bomb attack.最近发生炸弹袭击之后，情势更加紧张了。note 辨析 intensify or heighten?although both verbs can be used with or without an object, heighten is more often used with an object. heighten is used especially to talk about feelings and attitudes; intensify can apply to actions too.这两个动词带或不带宾语均可，但 heighten 较常带宾语。heighten 尤用以描述情感和态度； intensify 还可描述行为◆a heightened sense of loneliness / well-being加剧的孤独感；强烈的安适愉快之感◆to intensify the campaign / battle加强活动；使战斗更加激烈■ inflate /ɪnfleɪt/ [transitive] (often disapproving, especially journalism尤用于新闻) to increase the price of sth使涨价◆the principal effect of the demand for new houses was to inflate prices.对新住宅需求的主要影响是促使价格上涨。◆the profit margin had been artificially inflated.利润率被人为提高了。ⓘ inflate can also be used without an object, but this is less frequent. * inflate 也可作不及物动词，不带宾语，但这种用法不太常见 [intransitive] ◆house prices are no longer inflating at the same rate as last year.住宅价格的上涨率已不再像去年那样高了。■ step sth up -->phrasal verb(-pp-)to increase the level of an activity提高（活动）的水平◆he has stepped up his training to prepare for the race.他为准备那场比赛加强了训练。◆security has been stepped up in response to the recent terrorist threat.加强了安全措施以应对近来恐怖分子的威胁。■ turn sth up phrasal verbto increase the noise, heat or light produced by a piece of equipment by moving its controls开大（音量）；调高（热度或亮度）◆could you turn the tv up?你能把电视机的音量开大些吗？◆the music was turned up loud.音乐的音量开大了。 opp turn sth down → reduce ➡ see also turn sth on → turn sth on increase [countable, uncountable] a rise in the amount, number or level of sth增长；增多；增加◆there has been a steady increase in demand for the service.对这种服务的需求稳步增长。◆this year saw an increase of nearly 20% in the number of visitors.今年游客人数增加了近 20%。◆the figures show a significant increase on last year's turnover.数据显示营业额比去年有了显著增长。◆homelessness is on the increase (= increasing).无家可归者越来越多。opp cut , decrease , reduction → reduction ➡ see also increase in sth → gain verb 2 , increase → rise verb increase [transitive] to make sth greater in amount, number, level, degree or value使增长；增加；提高◆we need to increase productivity.我们需要提高生产力。◆they've increased the price by 50%.他们已经加价五成。◆last month the reward was increased from £20 000 to £40 000.上个月报酬从 2 万英镑增加到了 4 万英镑。 opp decrease , reduce → reduce ➡ see also increase → rise verb ▸ increased adjective [only before noun] ◆increased demand / pressure / spending上升的需求／压力／开支increase [intransitive] to become greater in amount, level, number, degree, value, size or strength增长；增多；增加◆the population has increased from 1.2 million to 1.8 million.人口已从 120 万增加到了 180 万。◆demand is expected to increase over the next decade.预计需求在未来十年将会上升。◆disability increases with age (= the older sb is, the more likely they are to have a disability).人年纪越大就越容易丧失某种身体机能。opp decrease , decline → fall 1 ➡ see also increase → increase noun verb note 辨析 rise, grow or increase?although it is the most frequent of these verbs, rise is most often used about the number or level of sth; grow and increase can also be used about size and strength.尽管 rise 是这些动词中最常见的，但它最常指数量增加或水平提高； grow 和 increase 还可指大小和强度增加◆profits / numbers have risen / grown / increased.利润／数量已增长。◆her confidence / fear grew / increased.她的信心增强了／恐惧加深了。◆her confidence/fear rose. increase is slightly more formal than rise or grow. * increase 比 rise 和 grow 稍正式一些。increase¹/ɪnˈkri:s ||; ɪnˈkris/verb [i,t] increase (sth) (from a) (to b);increase (sth) (by sth) to become or to make sth larger in number or amount 增加: ◇the rate of inflation has increased by 1% to 7%. 通胀率已上升一个百分点，达到7%。◇my employer would like me to increase my hours of work from 25 to 30. 老板要我把工作时间从25小时增加到30小时。◇she increased her speed to overtake the lorry. 她加快速度追过那辆卡车。 [opp] decrease or reduce 反义词为decrease或reduceincrease²/ˈɪŋkri:s/noun [c,u] (an) increase (in sth) a rise in the number, amount or level of sth 增加: ◇there has been a sharp increase of nearly 50% on last year's figures. 今年的数字比去年激增了将近五成。◇doctors expect some further increase in the spread of the disease. 医生预测，这种疾病蔓延的范围仍会有所扩大。◇they are demanding a large wage increase. 他们要求把工资大幅度调高。 [opp] decrease or reduction 反义词为decrease或reductionon the increase becoming larger or more frequent; increasing 正在增加: ◇attacks by dogs on children are on the increase. 恶犬袭击儿童的事件越来越多。 increasenumbers or amounts increase1 to increase2 when numbers or amounts are increasing3 to increase a lot4 to increase quickly or suddenly5 to increase by gradually adding more6 to make a number or amount increase7 to increase by adding another number or amount8 to increase the amount of something you do9 to turn or push a button to increase something10 an increase in a number or amount11 an increase in an amount of money12 a sudden large increasefeelings increase13 when a feeling becomes stronger14 to make feelings become stronger15 becoming stronger16 an increase in the strength of feelingsrelated wordsoppositeless,see alsogrow,more,big,1. to increase 增加 increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ [intransitive verb] to become larger in number, amount, price, value etc 增加，增长，涨高 gradually the noise and traffic increased as they approached the city. 当他们接近城市时，噪音逐渐增加了，路上的车辆也越来越多。 hormone levels increase throughout pregnancy. 整个怀孕期间荷尔蒙分泌量都在增加。 the use of mobile phones has increased enormously over the past two years. 手机的使用过去两年来在急剧增加。 revenue and profits have increased dramatically this year. 今年的收入和利润大大地增加了。increase by 10%/$100/2 million etc the price of cigarettes has increased by 30% in the last two years. 过去的两年里香烟价格上涨了30%。increase to to reach a total of $1000 etc 增加到 wind speeds are expected to increase to 60 mph. 预计风速将增至每小时60英里。 the number of high school students using lsd has increased to its highest level since 1986. 服用迷幻药的高中生数量已增至1986年以来的最高水平。increase from £300/1 million etc to £400/1.5 million etc health care costs increased from £1.9 billion in 2000 to £4 billion in 2001. 保健费用已从2000年的19亿英镑增至2001年的40亿英镑。increase in number/value etc major league clubs have increased in number from 26 to 28. 职业棒球大联盟俱乐部的数量已从26家增加到28家。 go up/rise /ˌgəʊ ˈʌp, raɪz/ [intransitive phrasal verb/intransitive verb] to increase - use this about numbers, prices, or temperatures etc, but also about the level or standard of something ［数目、价格、温度、水平等］增加，提高 the price of petrol is going up again, for the third time this year. 汽油又涨价了，今年已是第三次了。 the jobless rate hit 9.3% last month, after rising for four months in a row. 失业率连续上升四个月后，上个月达到9.3%。 with more and more cars on the road, pollution levels are rising steadily. 随着路上汽车越来越多，污染程度在持续加重。 you'll need about £10, if the rail fare's gone up again, which i expect it has. 如果火车票又涨价的话，我估计是已经涨了，你得需要大约10英镑。go up/rise by 10%/$500 etc become 10% etc greater 增加了10%/500美元等 personal computer sales rose by 70% in the run-up to christmas. 圣诞前个人电脑的销售量增加了70%。go up/rise to by mid-day, the temperature had already risen to 40 degrees. 到中午气温已经上升到40度。go up/rise from £300/1 million etc to £400/2 million etc the average price of a loaf of bread has gone up from 25p to 60p. 一条面包的平均价格已从25便士涨至60便士。 grow /grəʊ/ [intransitive verb] to increase gradually over a period of time - use this about numbers or amounts, or about a total amount of business activity or trade ［数量，或商业活动或贸易总量］增加，增长 china's economic output continues to grow at a remarkable annual rate. 中国的经济产值继续以惊人的年增长率增长。 demand for new cars is growing rapidly. 对新汽车的需求在迅速增长。 the number of openly gay rock musicians has grown steadily in recent years, and shows no signs of abating. 近年来公开承认自己是同性恋的摇滚音乐人人数在持续增加，而且没有减少的迹象。grow by 10%/5000 etc become 10% etc greater 增加了10%/5,000等 profits in the military aircraft business grew by 28% to a record $905 million. 军用飞机产业的利润增长了28%，达到创纪录的9.05亿元。grow to the personnel team has grown to 6,700 full-time employees from just 900 in 2000. 员工队伍从2000年时的仅900人增加到6，700名全职雇员。 climb /klaɪm/ [intransitive verb] if the temperature, prices, profits etc climb, they increase until they reach a very high level ［温度、价格、利润等］上升［到高水平］ demand for goods grew and imports climbed steadily. 对商品的需求增加了，进口量在持续上升。climb to the original estimate of $500 million has now climbed to a staggering $1300 million. 原来的估计是5亿美元，现已上升到令人咋舌的13亿美元。 temperatures are expected to climb to record levels this weekend. 本周末气温预计将升至创纪录的水平。 gain /geɪn/ [transitive verb] if something or someone gains speed, weight, or height, their speed, weight, or height increases 增加［速度、重量或高度］ the train rolled forward, gaining speed rapidly. 火车往前行驶，迅速地加速。 a new-born baby will gain weight at around one ounce per day. 新生儿的体重每天增加约一盎司。 the four men told the inquiry they did not know why the plane failed to gain height after it took off. 四名男子告诉调查组说他们不知道为什么飞机起飞后未能升高。 escalate /ˈeskəleɪt/ [intransitive verb] to increase to a high level - use this about things you do not want to increase such as prices, crimes etc 增加，增高［尤指不想增加的如价格、犯罪率等］ gas prices are expected to continue to escalate in the short term. 据估计汽油价格将在短期内继续上涨。 staff saw costs escalating and sales slumping as the effect of the recession hit the company. 经济衰退的影响对这家公司造成冲击，于是员工看到成本上涨，而销售量下跌。escalate to the cost of the new building has escalated to a worrying level. 新大楼的建筑成本已上升到了让人担忧的地步。escalate sharply/dramatically the number of attacks on foreign aid workers has escalated dramatically. 对外国援助人员的袭击次数已急剧上升。 pick up /ˌpɪk ˈʌp/ [intransitive phrasal verb] if trade, business, or work picks up, the amount of it that is available increases after it has been at a level that is too low ［贸易、商业或工作］增加；好转 their shop was losing money, but they carried on in the hope that business would pick up soon. 他们的店在亏本，可他们还在坚持，希望生意会很快好转。 at present the hotel is almost empty, but i'm sure things will start to pick up in the spring. 现在旅馆几乎是空的，但我肯定到了春天情况会好转。 widen /ˈwaɪdn/ [intransitive verb] if a difference between two amounts widens, or the range of things available widens, it increases ［两个数量之间的差别，或现有的物品种类］增加；扩大 the range of university courses available has widened tremendously in recent years. 大学课程种类近年来已大幅度增加。 the gap between the incomes of two-carer families and lone mothers with children has widened. 双职工家庭与有子女的独身妈妈家庭之间的收入差距扩大了。 be on the increase /biː ɒn ði ˈɪŋkriːs/ [verb phrase] if something bad such as a problem or illness is on the increase, it is happening more and more frequently ［问题或疾病等不良事物］在增加 juvenile crime is on the increase in most parts of the country. 青少年犯罪在全国大部分地区日益增加。 homelessness has been on the increase for a long time. 长期以来无家可归者的人数一直在增加。be on the increase among what is particularly alarming is that bullying is on the increase among even very young primary children. 尤其使人忧虑的是恃强凌弱的现象甚至在年幼的小学生中也在增加。 intensify /ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ, ɪnˈtensəfaɪ/ [intransitive verb] if an effort or an activity such as fighting intensifies, it increases so that more people do it or the people already doing it use more effort ［努力或战斗等活动］加强；更为激烈 the fighting intensified and spread through the city. 战斗更趋激烈，并蔓延到了整座城市。 as the season intensifies, quarterback young will need to work on his fitness. 随着赛季的比赛日趋激烈，四分卫扬将需要多加注意身体状况。 the controversy is only expected to intensify. 预计争论只会进一步加剧。 intensification /ɪnˌtensɪfəˈkeɪʃən, ɪnˌtensəfəˈkeɪʃən/ [uncountable noun] the decades of the 1950s and 1960s saw an intensification of the cold war. 20世纪50、60年代冷战进一步加剧。 expand /ɪkˈspænd/ [intransitive verb] if trade or a business activity expands, it increases ［贸易或商业活动］增加；发展 trade between developing countries and industrialized countries is beginning to expand. 发展中国家和工业化国家之间的贸易开始增加。 the business was growing rapidly and beginning to expand abroad. 该企业迅速发展并开始向海外拓展业务。 expansion /ɪkˈspænʃən/ [uncountable noun] the continued expansion of the chinese economy 中国经济的持续增长economic expansion a period of rapid economic expansion 经济迅速发展的一段时期 build up /ˌbɪld ˈʌp/ [intransitive phrasal verb] if the number or amount of something builds up, it increases gradually so that there is much more than there was before 增加 traffic is building up on the southern exit of the motorway. 这条高速公路南出口的交通正变得越来越拥挤。 a huge backlog of work had built up during my absence. 我不在时积压下了一大堆工作。2. when numbers or amounts are increasing 数或量在增加 increasing /ɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/ [adjective only before noun] an increasing number of australians see the link to the british monarchy as irrelevant. 越来越多的澳大利亚人把与英国君主政体之间的联系看成是无关的。 an increasing percentage of american property owners are taking their houses off the market. 越来越多的美国业主把房产退出市场。ever-increasing increasing all the time 越来越多的 ever-increasing numbers of science teachers are leaving their jobs to work in industry. 越来越多的理科教师辞职投身于工业。 ever-increasing amounts of land were brought under cultivation. 越来越多的土地被用于耕作。 rising /ˈraɪzɪŋ/ [adjective only before noun] increasing - use this about prices, numbers etc or about the level or standard of something 增加的，提高的［价格、数字、水平等］ rising fuel costs have forced many airlines to put up the price of air tickets. 不断上涨的燃料价格已迫使许多航空公司提高了机票价。 le shuttle competes with an ever-rising number of ferries for the busy channel crossing. 海峡隧道与越来越多的渡船竞争繁忙的横渡英吉利海峡的生意。 the rising rate of smoking among teenagers when problems increase and become more serious 青少年日益增加的抽烟率 we are entering a period of slow economic growth and rising unemployment. 我们正进入一个经济增长缓慢和失业率增加的时期。 growing /ˈgrəʊɪŋ/ [adjective only before noun] gradually increasing 不断增加的 an economic miracle is needed if bangladesh is to feed its huge and growing population. 孟加拉国若想让其庞大且仍在增加的人口吃饱，需要有经济奇迹的出现。 zena is one of a small but rapidly growing number of motorists choosing to buy a car over the web. 泽娜是选择从网上购买汽车的一群汽车驾驶员中的一员，这群体虽小，却增长迅速。 garbage collection is a growth industry, thanks to growing volumes of garbage -- up 2-3% a year. 垃圾收集是个发展迅速的行业，因为垃圾量在日益增加—一年增长2%到3%。 mounting /ˈmaʊntɪŋ/ [adjective only before noun] a mounting price or number is increasing and causes problems ［价格、数量等］增加，上升［并造成问题］ he struggled on in the face of mounting debts, 面对不断增加的债务，他勉强硬撑着。 what are the reasons for mounting unemployment in the arab countries? 是什么原因造成了阿拉伯国家的失业人数不断增加？ another year of mounting losses proved too much for pepperdine's basketball coach. 对佩珀代因篮球队的教练来说，又一年的再度失利是怎么也说不过去了。 escalating /ˈeskəleɪtɪŋ/ [adjective only before noun] escalating prices, problems etc are increasing quickly and making a situation worse than it was before ［价格等］不断上涨的；［问题等］不断加剧的 investors in the sports stadium project are worried by escalating construction costs. 体育场项目的投资者对于越来越高的建筑成本感到担忧。 rapidly escalating house prices 迅速上涨的房价 twenty percent of the workforce are experiencing escalating stress levels. 从业人员中有20%感受到压力不断加剧。3. to increase a lot 大量增加 multiply /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ, ˈmʌltəplaɪ/ [intransitive verb] to increase greatly in number 大量增加 since they started borrowing money, their problems have multiplied. 自从他们开始借债后，他们的问题就大幅度增加了。 the number of settlements multiplied enormously. 小村落的数量极大地增加了。 the insects multiply rapidly during hot, dry summers. 在炎热干燥的夏季，昆虫迅速大量增加。 double /ˈdʌbəl/ [intransitive verb] to become twice as much or twice as many 加倍 welfare spending will nearly double by the year 2002. 到2002年福利支出将增加几乎一倍。double to the number of female bank managers doubled from 104 to 208. 银行女经理的数量增加了一倍，从104人变成了208人。double in size/value in those thirty years, san francisco doubled in size. 在那30年里，圣弗朗西斯科的面积扩大了一倍。 triple also treble british /ˈtrɪpəl, ˈtrebəl/ [intransitive verb] to become three times as much or three times as many 成为三倍，增加两倍 the number of senior citizens living in poverty has trebled in the last three years. 生活贫困的老年公民人数在过去三年中增加了两倍。 the party's majority in congress tripled as a result of the election. 选举结果是该党在国会中的多数席位增加了两倍。triple in size/value the shares have trebled in value since trading resumed on wednesday. 星期三恢复交易以来，股票的价格涨至三倍。 quadruple /ˈkwɒdrʊpəl, kwɒˈdruː-ǁkwɑːˈdruː-/ [intransitive verb] to become four times as much or four times as many 成为四倍，增加三倍 in ten years, homicide rates tripled and suicide rates quadrupled. 十年里杀人案发生率增加了两倍，自杀率增加了三倍。quadruple to by the end of 1973, the price of oil had quadrupled to $11.65 a gallon. 到1973年底油价涨了三倍，达到每桶11.65美元。 proliferate /prəˈlɪfəreɪt/ [intransitive verb] formal if something proliferates, it increases very quickly, and becomes more common 【正式】激增，猛增 the hiv virus is able to proliferate at an astonishing rate. 艾滋病病毒能以惊人的速度猛增。 child pornography is proliferating due to the increased use of computer chat rooms. 由于更多人使用了网上聊天室，致使儿童色情物品数量激增。 proliferation /prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən/ [uncountable noun] proliferate of the rapid proliferation of on-line catalogues 在线目录的激增 snowball /ˈsnəʊbɔːl/ [intransitive verb] to increase in number, at first slowly and then faster and faster 滚雪球般增加 unemployment snowballed at the beginning of the 1980s. 20世纪80年代初时，失业人数如滚雪球般增加。 things hadn't exactly been going our way, but after the first defeat, everything sort of snowballed. 事情并不顺利，但自从第一次失败之后，一切都每下愈况了。4. to increase quickly or suddenly 迅速或突然地增加 shoot up /ˌʃuːt ˈʌp/ [intransitive phrasal verb] if something such as a price, number, or temperature shoots up, it increases quickly and suddenly ［价格、数量或温度等］飞涨 as long as mortgage rates do not shoot up, property should remain a good investment. 只要抵押贷款利率不大幅度上涨，房地产应该依然是一项回报率不错的投资。shoot up to us exports to mexico have already shot up to 130% since 1985. 自1985年起美国对墨西哥的出口额已猛升至130%。 a year ago the magazine had a circulation of 150,000, but since then that figure has shot up to an astonishing 2 million. 一年前该杂志发行量为15万册，可从那以后，这一数字飞速增加到令人咂舌的200万册。 soar /sɔːʳ/ [intransitive verb] to increase quickly to a high level 猛增，剧增［到一个很高水平］ soar into temperatures soared into the nineties. 温度迅速上升到九十几度。 the cost of a business website can soar into millions of dollars. 一个商业网站的成本可激增至数百万美元。soar to last year, the drugs haul soared to 130,00 tablets. 去年的毒品贩运量猛增至13，000粒。 the death toll soars to 376 in chicago from last week's heat wave. 上周的热浪使芝加哥的死亡人数增至376人。soar by 40%/£300/1 million etc in the first year of peace, lebanon's gdp soared by almost 40%. 和平后的第一年，黎巴嫩的国内生产总值剧增了差不多40%。 soaring [adjective only before noun] a plan to tackle soaring crime rates 一项应对急剧上升的犯罪率的计划 industrial growth has brought power cuts, clogged roads and soaring property prices. 工业的增长已造成停电、交通堵塞和房价猛涨。 rocket also skyrocket /ˈrɒkɪt, ˈrɒkətǁˈrɑː-, ˈskaɪ!rɒkə̇tǁ-ˌrɑː-/ [intransitive verb] if costs, prices, profits, sales etc rocket, they increase very quickly to a very high level ［成本、价格、利润、销量等］飞涨［到非常高的水平］ interest rates have skyrocketed as credit has become scarce. 信贷紧缺造成利率飞涨。 why has the dollar rocketed against the yen in particular? 为何美元对日元的兑换率升得特别快呢？rocket to gold prices rocketed to their highest level since 1983. 黄金价格飞涨到了1983年以来的最高水平。 rocketing/skyrocketing [adjective only before noun] the skyrocketing cost of land 飞涨的地价 go through the roof /ˌgəʊ θruː ðə ˈruːf/ [verb phrase] informal if prices go through the roof, they increase to an extremely high level 【非正式】［价格］涨到极高水平；扶摇直上 following news of increased profits, the company's share price went through the roof. 利润增加的消息传出后，该公司的股票价格猛涨。 sales of ray-ban sunglasses went through the roof after tom cruise wore them in ‘risky business’. 自汤姆·克鲁斯在《危险的行业》中戴了雷朋墨镜后，这种墨镜的销售量就扶摇直上。 spiral /ˈspaɪərəl/ [intransitive verb] if a debt or the cost of something spirals, it increases very quickly and uncontrollably ［债务或成本］急剧上升 since the project started five years ago, costs have spiralled. 该计划自从五年前实施以来，成本已急剧增加。 with inflation spiralling out of control, the country was close to economic collapse. 通货膨胀率高得失去了控制，该国的经济已濒于崩溃。 spiralling [adjective only before noun] the government has asked the world bank for help with its spiralling national debt. 由于国债激增，政府已向世界银行求助。 take off /ˌteɪk ˈɒf/ [intransitive phrasal verb] if numbers or prices take off, they begin to increase quickly after a long period when they did not increase ［数量或价格］开始迅速增加 with the introduction of user-friendly software, home computer sales suddenly took off. 随着易于使用的软件的推广，家用电脑销量突然开始大增。 internet shopping will really take off when people become convinced that it is secure. 当人们确信网上购物是安全的以后，这种购物方式将会急剧增加。5. to increase by gradually adding more 通过逐渐累积而增加 accumulate /əˈkjuːmjɑleɪt/ [intransitive verb] to increase gradually in number or amount until there is a large quantity in one place 积累；聚积 an army of 1650 plows and 2000 workers will be out this afternoon as snow begins to accumulate. 积雪越来越厚，一支由1,650台扫雪机和2,000名工人组成的队伍今天下午将出动。 sand had accumulated at the mouth of the river and formed a bank which boats could not pass. 沙子聚集在河口，形成了一个沙洲，导致船只无法通过。 over a period of years, the drug will accumulate in the body and damage the nervous system. 经过数年时间，这种药将在体内越积越多，破坏神经系统。 build up /ˌbɪld ˈʌp/ [intransitive phrasal verb] if something such as a substance or a force builds up somewhere, it increases gradually as more of it is added or more of it appears ［物质或力量等］增加，累积 deposits of lime will stick to the surface and build up over the years. 沉淀的石灰会附着在表面上，年复一年日渐变厚。 as the temperature rises, the pressure builds up inside the chamber. 随着温度的上升，舱内的压力也逐渐增加。 fertilizers can contain salts that build up in the soil. 肥料中可能含有积聚在土壤中的盐分。 pile up /ˌpaɪl ˈʌp/ [intransitive phrasal verb] informal if something such as work or debt piles up, it increases as more is added to it until there is a large quantity of it 【非正式】［工作或债务］堆积，积聚 the work just keeps on piling up and makes me want to scream. 工作不断堆积起来，让我真想尖叫。 as her debts piled up, she came close to a nervous breakdown. 她的债务不断增加，使得她几乎要神经崩溃了。 mount up /ˌmaʊnt ˈʌp/ [intransitive phrasal verb] if prices, costs, debts etc mount up, they increase as more is added over a period of time, and cause more and more problems ［价格、成本、债务等］增加，增长，上升 she finally had to go back to work to pay the bills that were mounting up. 她最后只得回去工作，以支付不断增加的账单。 the national debt has mounted up, growing to $1 trillion since clinton took office. 国债在增多，自克林顿上任后已增至一万亿美元。 collect /kəˈlekt/ [intransitive verb] if something such as a liquid collects somewhere, it goes to that place and the amount there gradually increases ［液体等］积聚 as the tide came in, water collected to form small pools among the rocks. 潮水一涨进来，水便积聚起来，在岩石中形成一个个小水坑。collect on/inside/behind etc rain collecting at the tip of the rock has formed huge icicles. 在岩石尖上聚集的雨水形成了巨大的冰柱。 if condensation collects on the inside of the window, wipe it off with a clean cloth. 如水汽凝结在玻璃窗内面，就用一块干净的布把它擦掉。 gather /ˈgæðəʳ/ [intransitive verb] if a substance such as dirt, snow etc gathers somewhere, more and more of it appears in that place and stays there ［尘土、雪等物质］积聚，逐渐增多 there were gaps between the floorboards where dust and bits of grime had gathered. 地板之间有缝，里面积着灰尘和一块块污垢。gather on/around/behind etc snow gathered thickly in the folds of their clothes. 雪厚厚地积在他们衣服的褶皱里。 harry was afraid. sweat gathered on his upper lip. 哈里很害怕。汗水在他上唇聚了起来。6. to make a number or amount increase 使数或量增加 increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ [transitive verb] high alcohol consumption increases the risk of liver disease. 大量饮酒会增加患肝脏疾病的危险。 the clean air act would increase the cost of electric power in the midwest. 清洁空气法将会增加中西部的电力成本。 the party aims to increase the number of women elected to congress. 该党的目标是增加当选为国会议员的妇女人数。 we reduced the size of the magazine because we didn't want to increase the price. 我们缩小了杂志的尺寸，因为我们不希望提高售价。increase something to the company has increased its workforce to 1,500 employees 该公司把员工总数增加到1,500人。increase something by 20%/$400/1 million etc a program to increase output by 14% 一项要把产量提高14%的计划 raise /reɪz/ [transitive verb] if someone raises raises a tax, price, temperature etc, they increase it 提高［税收、价格、温度等］ the president should take the necessary steps of raising taxes and cutting public spending. 总统应采取增加税收、减少公共开支的必要步骤。 all the major airlines have raised their fares. 所有的大航空公司都提高了机票价格。raise something to $300/40c/200 etc the retirement age has been raised to 65 for both men and women. 男女的退休年龄均已提高到了65岁。 put up /ˌpʊt ˈʌp/ [transitive phrasal verb] informal if someone puts up the cost or price of something, they increase it 【非正式】提高，抬高［成本或价格等］ put up something they've put up the price of petrol again. 他们又抬高油价了。put something up a solicitor can advise whether the landlord has a right to put the rent up. 事务律师可以对房东是否有权提高租金提出建议。 this used to be quite a cheap restaurant but they've put their prices up since the last time i came here. 这以前是家相当便宜的餐馆，但自从我上次来过之后，他们提高了价格。 jack up /ˌdʒæk ˈʌp/ [transitive phrasal verb] informal to increase prices or amounts by a large amount, especially when this seems unreasonable 【非正式】［大幅度且不合理地］抬高［价格］；增加［数量］ jack something up i guess they must jack the price up in the summer, then mark it down in the winter. 我估计他们肯定在夏季抬价，然后到冬季降价。jack up something a proposal that would have jacked up taxi fares by as much as 30% 本来有可能把出租车费提高多达30%的一项提议 push up/drive up/force up /ˌpʊʃ ˈʌp, ˌdraɪv ˈʌp, ˌfɔːʳs ˈʌp/ [transitive phrasal verb] to make something increase - use this about things you would prefer to keep low, such as costs and prices 增加，提高［成本、价格等］ push/drive/force up something an expansion of the weapons research program is sure to drive up defence costs. 扩大武器研制计划肯定会使国防费用增加。 in recent years, increased demand has forced up the price of copper on world markets. 近年来铜的需求量增加，这抬高了它在世界市场上的价格。push/force/drive something up office vacancy rates have reached a low, pushing rents up sharply for office and industrial space. 办公室空置率降到很低，使得办公室与工业用房的租金急剧上涨。 boost /buːst/ [transitive verb] to increase something such as production, sales, or wages because they are not as high as you want them to be 增加；提高［产量、销量或工资等，因其不如希望的那么高］ the plan was meant to boost agricultural production. 该计划旨在提高农业产量。 the multi-million dollar ad campaign has failed to boost sales. 花费了数百万美元的广告活动未能增加销售量。 greater consumer access to the internet has boosted electronic retailing. 更多的消费者使用互联网使电子零售业扩大了。 double/triple/quadruple /ˈdʌbəl, ˈtrɪpəl, ˈkwɒdrʊpəl, kwɒˈdruː-ǁkwɑːˈdruː-/ [transitive verb] to increase a number or amount by two, three, or four times 使增加一倍/两倍/三倍 the company has quadrupled sonia's salary in just three years in recognition of her achievements. 作为对索尼娅工作成绩的认可，公司在短短三年内把她的工资提高了三倍。 the government doubled the sales tax on cigarettes from 20% to 40%. 政府把香烟销售税增加了一倍，从20%增加到了40%。 maximize also maximise british /ˈmæksɪmaɪz, ˈmæksəmaɪz/ [transitive verb] to make something such as profit, power, or productivity increase to the highest level that you can achieve 使［利润、功率或生产力］增至最大限度 the bank's function is to maximize profits, and that requires some risk-taking. 银行的功能是使利润最大化，那是要冒一定风险的。 to maximise power output, solar panels are placed on the highest part of the building. 为获得最大的输出功率，太阳能板被置于大楼顶部。7. to increase by adding another number or amount 增添数或量 add to /ˈæd tuː/ [verb phrase] if a change to something, especially an improvement, adds to its cost, price, value, or amount, it causes the cost, price, value, or amount to increase ［尤指某种改进］增加［成本、价格、价值或数量］ gardens that have been substantially improved will add to the value of your property. 被大规模整修过的花园将提升你的房产的价值。 new high-quality printing technology added $1,000 to the retail price of the computer. 新的高质量打印技术使电脑的零售价增加了1，000美元。 the diversion added another hour to our journey. 改道使我们的旅程又增加了一小时。 augment /ɔːgˈment/ [transitive verb] formal to increase and improve the strength, value, effectiveness etc of something 【正式】增加；增长；加强［力量、价值、有效性等］ the cream contains ingredients that augment the skin's natural healing processes. 这种药膏中含有促进皮肤自然愈合的成分。 we pay performance bonuses that augment your annual salary. 我们支付工作表现奖金，这就增加了你的年收入。 put 10p/20p etc on /ˌpʊt ten ˈpiː ɒn/ [transitive phrasal verb] british if something such as a new tax or increased production cost puts 10p/20p etc on the price of something, it causes the price to increase by that much 【英】使增加10便士/20便士等 the new tax puts 20 pence on the price of a pack of cigarettes. 新征的税使每包香烟的售价提高了20便士。 the increased cost of imported wheat will put 5p on the price of a loaf of bread. 进口小麦的成本增加了，这将使一条面包价格提高5便士。8. to increase the amount of something you do 增加所做的事的量 increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ [transitive verb] we must increase public awareness of the health risks associated with sunbathing. 我们必须提高公众对于日光浴给健康带来危险的认识。 the government is increasing pressure on drug-traffickers. 政府正在向毒品贩子施压力。 the imposition of martial law will only increase violence and repression. 强制实行军事管制只会增加暴力和迫害。 step up /ˌstep ˈʌp/ [transitive phrasal verb] to increase your efforts or activities, especially in order to improve a situation that is not as good as you want it to be 增加；加快［努力或活动，尤指为改善情况］ step up something the us government stepped up its war against terrorism. 美国政府将反恐战升了级。 the police presence is to be stepped up at this year's carnival. 在今年的狂欢节上警方的安保措施将有所加强。step it up make a greater effort to achieve something 加劲 it's good we were able to step it up at the end of the game. 比赛接近尾声时，我们能加劲拼搏很不错。 expand /ɪkˈspænd/ [transitive verb] to increase something so that it covers a wider area or range of activities 扩大，扩充，扩展： dr. martin also helped expand housing opportunities for people with aids. 马丁医生还帮助为艾滋病感染者增加找到住房的机会。 the agency hopes to expand coverage of new musical talent on its internet site. 该机构希望在它的互联网网站上增加对音乐新秀的介绍。expand something to something they fund programs that expand health benefits to wider segments of the community. 他们为将医疗福利扩大到社区中更多的阶层的计划提供资金。 broaden /ˈbrɔːdn/ [transitive verb] to increase something such as knowledge, experience, or your range of activities 增加，扩大［知识、经验或活动范围］ at missouri, wright broadened his experience by working on a local newspaper. 在密苏里州，赖特通过在当地一家报社工作来增加经验。 the library is installing new technology to broaden access to its huge store of information. 这家图书馆在安装新的技术让更多人能查阅其庞大的资料库。 the company has broadened its product range in the us. 该公司增加了它在美国的产品种类。 extend /ɪkˈstend/ [transitive verb] to increase something such as your influence or control over something 增加，扩展［对某物的影响或控制等］ the us government is still trying to extend its influence over european politics. 美国政府仍在设法扩展对欧洲政治的影响力。 we can extend our effectiveness enormously by the use of up-to-date technology. 通过使用新技术我们可以大幅度扩大有效性。 time warner recently extended its reach to the world's biggest music business. 时代华纳公司近来把业务扩展到世界上最大的音乐企业。 intensify /ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ, ɪnˈtensəfaɪ/ [transitive verb] to increase activities or efforts, especially against an enemy or someone who opposes you 加强，增强［活动或努力，尤指对付敌人或反对者］ in the run-up to the election, terrorists have intensified their activities. 在选举前的时期，恐怖分子活动得更猖狂了。 china is intensifying efforts to fight crime. 中国在加大力度打击犯罪活动。 we have no choice but to intensify the strike campaign. 我们除了加强罢工行动别无选择。 the latest merger will intensify competition among defense companies. 最近的兼并将强化从事国防工业的公司之间的竞争。 intensification /ɪnˌtensɪfɪˈkeɪʃən, ɪnˌtensəfɪˈkeɪʃən/ [uncountable noun] intensify of the statement signals an intensification of the bloody feud between opposing guerrilla factions. 这一声明表明敌对的游击队派系之间的血腥仇杀将会加剧。9. to turn or push a button to increase something 扭或按一按钮以调高某物 turn up /ˌtɜːʳn ˈʌp/ [transitive phrasal verb] turn up the radio/television/heat etc to increase the amount of sound coming out of a radio, television etc or the amount of heat coming from a heater, by turning or pushing a button 调高收音机的音量/电视机的音量/热度等 turn something up hey, turn this up for a second, i like this song. 嘿，把音量调大一会儿，我喜欢这首歌。 would you mind turning the heat up? 你把取暖器调大一些好吗?turn up something we hooked up my stereo and turned up the volume as loud as it would go. 我们把我那套立体声音响装好，并把音量调到最大。 is the sound turned up too loud for you? 你感到音量开得太大了吗？10. an increase in a number or amount 数或量上的增加 increase /ˈɪŋkriːs/ [countable noun] increase in there will be no increase in student enrolments this year. 今年学生入学人数不会增加。 an increase in consumer spending 消费的增加increase of 10/20/50% etc there was an increase of about 17% in the urban population between 1910 and 1920. 1910至1920年间，城市人口增加了约17%。a 10%/12% etc increase improved airline service led to an 18.7% increase in tourists to africa last year. 航空服务的改善使得去年到非洲的游客增加了18.7%。 growth /grəʊθ/ [uncountable noun] an increase in amount, quantity, population etc ［数量、人口等的］增长 economic/population etc growth there is a great deal of uncertainty about the world's population growth. 世界人口的增长具有极大的不确定性。 favorable signs of economic growth 经济增长的好兆头 diy outlets reported sales growth of 1.8%. 自己动手做商店报告销售增长了1.8%。growth in the us portion of the internet is experiencing rapid growth in the number of networks connected to it. 美国与互联网联接的网络数量在迅速增长。growth of the astonishing growth of on-line trading 网上交易的惊人增长 rise /raɪz/ [singular noun] especially british an increase in numbers, level, population, or temperature 【尤英】［数量、水平、人口或温度的］增加；上升 rise in the committee will investigate the rise in the number of hospital admissions. 该委员会将对住院人数增加一事进行调查。 this year a disappointingly small rise in pass rates. 今年及格率的增长少得令人失望。rise of global warming is responsible for a rise of 7 degrees celsius in just over 50 years. 仅仅50年时间内，全球性变暖就造成气温上升了摄氏7度。 build-up /ˈbɪld ʌp/ [singular noun] a gradual increase in something harmful or bad ［有害或不良事物的］逐渐增加 this could signal the biggest military build-up since the cold war. 这标志着自冷战以来最大的军事集结。build-up of the changing world climate is probably due to a build-up of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide. 全球性的气候变化可能是二氧化碳等有害气体的积聚而引起的。 upturn /ˈʌptɜːʳn/ [singular noun] an increase in the amount of trade done by a country, company etc after a period of time when it was not increasing ［贸易的］增加；好转 only in the last two years have we seen signs of an economic upturn. 只是到了前两年我们才看到经济好转的迹象。upturn in the upturn in aviation traffic will help lift demand for commercial aircraft. 航空交通的增加将有助于提高对商用飞机的需求量。11. an increase in an amount of money 钱的数量的增加 increase /ˈɪŋkriːs/ [countable noun] tax/fare/price etc increase there could be fare increases of up to 10%. 票价有可能上涨10%。 a spokesman for the airline said that much of the cost increase was caused by tightening of security. 航空公司的一名发言人说成本上升大部分是由加强安全措施所引起的。increase in a 12% increase in phone charges 电话费上涨12%a 50%/30% etc increase a 50% increase in the city's health budget 该市医疗预算50%的增加 gain /geɪn/ [countable noun] an increase in an amount of money, that brings an advantage to someone 赢利，收益，增值 the share price ended the year with a 60% gain. 年底股价增值60%。gain in the morning's gains in us stocks fell sharply. 美国股价今早上升后急速下跌。gain of the nikkei average experienced a gain of 140.19 points on friday. 日经平均指数在周五上升了140.19点。 rise /raɪz/ [countable noun] especially british an increase in costs, prices, taxes, or rent 【尤英】［成本、价格、税款或租金的］上涨 rent/price/tax etc rise tenants face a 60% rent rise. 租客面临租金上涨60%的现实。 the prime minister is considering substantial tax rises. 首相正考虑大幅度提高税收。rise in the pension will increase in line with the rise in prices. 养老金将随物价上涨而增加。 rise british /raise american /raɪz, reɪz/ [countable noun usually singular] an increase in the amount of money you are paid for your work ［工资、报酬的］增加，提高 he received loud applause when he told the crowd that low wage-earners deserve a raise. 当他对大家说应该给低工资的人增加工资时，得到了热烈的掌声。 it specialists rang up an average pay rise of 312% last year. 去年信息技术专家的平均收入增长了312%。give somebody a rise the state government simply can't afford to give all teachers a raise. 州政府根本无力给所有的老师增加工资。 hike /haɪk/ [countable noun] a sudden increase in something such as prices, wages, or taxes ［价格、工资或税款等的］突然的提高 big gasoline hikes are expected in april. 预计4月份汽油会大幅度涨价。tax/price/wage etc hike pilots will get an 11% pay hike over four years. 四年内飞机驾驶员的工资将增加11%。 opponents argued the sales-tax hike was unfair. 反对者认为提高销售税是不公平的。hike in trade unions are proposing a hike in the minimum wage. 工会提出要提高最低工资。 increment /ˈɪŋkrɪmənt, ˈɪŋkrəmənt/ [countable noun] formal an amount that is added regularly to someone's pay every year, every six months etc 【正式】［工资的］定期增加额 the contract includes a salary increment every six months. 合同规定每六个月加薪一次。 automatic pay increments based on length of service will be abolished. 以工龄为基础的自动加薪将被取消。12. a sudden large increase 突然的大幅度增加 leap /liːp/ [countable noun] a sudden large increase in the amount or number of something -- use this especially about business costs, prices, activities etc ［尤指成本、价格、活动等的］激增 coffee and orange juice prices made their biggest leaps on friday. 周五咖啡和橙汁的价格突然以最大的幅度上涨。leap in borrowers have been warned to expect another leap in bank interest rates. 贷款者被警告说银行利率会再次大幅度上升。 gold shares gained following a leap in the price of gold. 随着黄金价格的猛涨，黄金股升值了。by leaps and bounds use this to emphasize how quickly something is increasing 飞速［增加］ i can see the internet business growing by leaps and bounds. 我能想象互联网行业以飞速增长。 leap [intransitive verb] shares leapt about 5% to $32.375. 股票激增5%，达到了32.375美元。 explosion /ɪkˈspləʊʒən/ [countable noun usually singular] a very sudden and very large increase in population, in an activity, or in the numbers of something ［人口、活动或某物数量的］激增；迅猛发展 we live in the century of population explosion, with the world's population doubling at least every 25 years. 我们生活在一个人口爆炸的世纪，世界人口至少每25年翻一番。! these people are full of hope. an economic explosion is underway in their country. 这些人充满了希望，其国家经济正在腾飞。explosion of the company cannot meet demand, and has seen an explosion of customer complaints. 这家公司无法满足需求量，于是遭到大量的客户投诉。 no-one can say where the amazing explosion of digital services will take us. 谁也说不清数字服务的惊人急剧增长将把我们引向何方。explosion in officials insist the case is unrelated to the explosion in homicide rates among teenagers. 官员们坚持认为此案与大量出现的青少年杀人案无关。 boom /buːm/ [singular noun] a sudden large increase in something such as trade, economic success, or a particular area of activity ［贸易、经济等的］迅速增长，繁荣 the it market is growing, thanks to the internet boom. 由于互联网的迅速繁荣，信息技术市场在增长。boom in the boom in cellular phone ownership 手机使用者的迅速增多 a record-breaking boom in tourism 破纪录的旅游业增长economic boom a period of economic and financial success 经济繁荣 canada enjoyed a real economic boom in the postwar years. 加拿大在战后数年中经济非常繁荣。property/productivity spending etc boom motorola is one of the leaders in the global technology boom. 摩托罗拉公司是全球性技术繁荣的先驱之一。 the impact of the property boom was first felt in the financial markets. 金融市场最先感受到房地产繁荣所带来的影响。baby boom a period of time when many more babies are born 生育高峰期 a more pressing problem is mexico's dramatic baby boom. 更为紧迫的问题是墨西哥那戏剧性的婴儿出生高峰期。 boom [intransitive verb] cellnet has 800,000 subscribers, and business is booming. 手机网络有800,000用户，业务在迅速扩大。 tourism boomed here in the late 1990s. 20世纪90年代末这里的旅游业很兴旺。 surge /sɜːʳdʒ/ [countable noun] a sudden increase in something such as demand, profit, interest etc ［需求、利润、兴趣等］激增，骤长 surge in last year there was a surge in the company's profits to $122m. 去年公司的利润急增至1.22亿美元。 a 31% surge in divorce rates 离婚率31%的激增 stores are expecting a surge in demand as christmas approaches. 随着圣诞节的临近，商店期待着需求量的激增。 her books enjoyed a huge surge in popularity in the mid-1980s. 20世纪80年代中期，她的作品销量大增。surge of the unexpected surge of voters to the polls has surprised even opposition parties. 投票人数出乎意料的激增甚至使反对党都大感吃惊。 surge [transitive verb] orders from customers in the far east have surged. 来自远东地区客户的订单大量增加了。surge to by 2006, the liver transplant figure is likely to surge to at least 4.3 million. 到2006年，肝移植的数量有可能至少剧增至430万例。13. when a feeling becomes stronger 感情变得更强烈 grow /grəʊ/ [intransitive verb] if a feeling grows it gradually becomes stronger ［感情］增强，增长 her confidence grew, and soon she was able to go out driving on her own. 她的自信心增强了，很快她就能够独自驾车出去了。 the more i studied, the more my anxiety about the exam grew. 我越是学下去，对考试的担心就越强烈。 fears are growing for the safety of the missing children. 对失踪儿童安全的担心在增加。 increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ [intransitive verb] to become stronger - use this especially about a feeling that a lot of people have ［尤指众人的情绪］增强，提高 the excitement is increasing inside the stadium as we wait for the teams to come out onto the field. 我们在等待球队进入球场时，体育场内的激动情绪越来越强烈。 the president's popularity has increased enormously in recent months. 近几个月总统的声望大幅度提高了。 increased [adjective only before noun] since going on the program, her 4-year-old son has shown an increased willingness to eat properly. 自从按计划进行后，她4岁的儿子已越来越愿意好好吃饭了。 intensify /ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ, ɪnˈtensəfaɪ/ [intransitive verb] written if a bad or unpleasant feeling such as fear or pain intensifies, it increases 【书面】［恐惧或疼痛等不良或讨厌的感觉］增强，加剧 their panic intensified, as they heard the gunshots getting closer. 他们听见枪炮声越来越近，便越来越感到恐慌。 the dizzy feeling in her head intensified, and she knew she was about to black out. 她头越来越晕，她就知道自己快要昏过去了。 throughout the 1920s and 1930s, racism and bigotry intensified. 20世纪的整个20年代和30年代里，种族主义和偏执观念在不断加剧。 build up /ˌbɪld ˈʌp/ [intransitive phrasal verb] if a bad feeling such as anger builds up, it gradually increases until you feel you have to do something ［气愤等感觉］增强，加强 the pressure built up over the year, and eventually i had to leave my job. 一年里感到压力越来越大，最终我只得辞职。 i could feel the anger building up inside me. 我能感觉到愤怒在我胸中升腾。 deepen /ˈdiːpən/ [intransitive verb] if a strong feeling such as love, respect, or sadness deepens, it increases gradually ［爱慕、尊重或悲伤等强烈感情］逐渐加强；逐渐加深 with every new day, her despair only seemed to deepen. 她的绝望感似乎只是在一天比一天地加深。 as she watched the nuns working among the sick and dying, her respect for them deepened. 她看着修女们帮助病人和垂死的人，对她们的崇敬就更深了。 deepening [adjective] liza's deepening depression put a strain on the whole family. 莉莎越来越严重的抑郁使全家人都感到紧张。 mount /maʊnt/ [intransitive verb] if a feeling, especially of worry or activity mounts, it becomes stronger ［尤指忧虑或活动的气氛］加剧，加重 as the dispute continues, tension is mounting on the border between the two countries. 随着争端的持续，两国边境上的紧张气氛在加剧。 anxiety about job security mounted at the plant after profits fell by 68%. 自厂里利润下跌了68%之后，大家对工作保障的担忧加重了。14. to make feelings become stronger 使感情变得更为强烈 increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ [transitive verb] vague explanations of her illness only increased her fear and anxiety. 对于她病情含糊的解释只会加重了她的恐惧和焦虑。 some analysts say the new law could increase expectations of an economic recovery. 一些分析家说新法律可以增加经济复苏的希望。 the cut in interest rates will help to increase confidence in the housing market. 降低利率将有助于增强对房产市场的信心。 strengthen /ˈstreŋθən, ˈstrenθən/ [transitive verb] to make something such as someone's determination or belief increase so that it is even stronger than it was before 增强［决心或信念等］ the quarrel only served to strengthen my resolve to start out on my own. 这场争吵只是使我更坚定了自己开创事业的决心。 a poor harvest in 1842, and the imminence of winter, strengthened their determination. 1842年的歉收加上冬天的逼近坚定了他们的决心。 woolley felt certain that he had made an important discovery and his conviction was strengthened as more evidence came to light. 伍利确信自己有了重大发现，随着更多的证据被披露，他的信念更加坚定了。 heighten /ˈhaɪtn/ [transitive verb] if something heightens knowledge, fears, the effect of something etc, it makes it increase so that it is felt more strongly 增加，增强［认识、恐惧感等］ publicity has heightened awareness of the threats to the environment. 通过宣传，人们增强了对于环境受到威胁的认识。 the divorce heightened speculation about a possible second marriage. 这一离异加重了人们对可能出现的第二次婚姻的猜测。 fears of an invasion were heightened by long-range bomb attacks. 由于远程炸弹的袭击，人们对于入侵的恐惧更为强烈。 add to /ˈæd tuː/ [transitive phrasal verb] to increase a feeling or problem, so that it becomes worse 增添［感情或麻烦］ i didn't want to add to the confusion, so i stayed quiet. 我不愿使混乱加剧，所以就不声不响。 adding to the burden are the continuing costs of german reunification. 德国重新统一的持续费用加重了负担。 natural catastrophes like droughts have also added to the problems of the continent. 干旱等自然灾害也增添了该大陆的问题。add insult to injury informal to make a bad situation that you have caused much worse than it was before 【非正式】变本加厉，火上加油 she runs off with another man, and to add insult to injury demands huge sums in alimony. 她跟另一个男人跑了，更糟的是还索要巨额赡养费。 raise /reɪz/ [transitive verb] if something raises people's hopes, consciousness etc, it makes them more hopeful, conscious etc 增强，增加［希望、意识等］ it's the first school in scotland to become self-governing, and has raised deep concerns in the local community. 它是苏格兰的第一所自我管理的学校，因此在当地社区引起了深切的关注。 the human rights campaign has raised public awareness of the torture going on in the country. 人权运动增强了大众对该国实行严刑拷打的认识。 fuel /fjʊəlǁˈfjuːəl/ [transitive verb] to make feelings of doubt, worry, hope etc grow stronger 增加，激起［怀疑、担忧、期待等感觉］ the president's absence from the may day parade has fuelled speculation that he is seriously ill. 总统未出席五一的游行，这增加了人们对于他病重的猜测。 there are growing fears for the safety of the kidnap victims -- fears that have been fuelled by rumours of new terrorist threats. 人们对于被绑架者的安全越来越担心—一近来又有人要发动恐怖主义活动的传闻更使得人心惶惶。15. becoming stronger 变得更为强烈 increasing /ɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/ [adjective only before noun] she clenched her teeth against the steadily increasing pain. 她咬紧牙关忍受持续加剧的疼痛。 the growth of extremist right-wing groups is an increasing concern. 极端右翼组织的壮大越来越使人担忧。 whatever you think of the fashion for ‘boy bands’, there's no denying their increasing popularity. 不管你怎么看“男孩乐队”的流行现象，他们越来越受人欢迎这一点是无法否认的。 growing /ˈgrəʊɪŋ/ [adjective only before noun] gradually increasing to a high level 日益严重的，逐渐增长的 he spoke of his daughter's growing alienation from the church. 他说到自己的女儿越来越疏远教会了。 there is growing opposition to the new tax proposals. 对新税收提议的反对意见越来越多。 the incident added to growing concern about the extent of terrorist influence in the region. 这一事件使人们对该地区恐怖主义影响的严重程度更加担忧。 mounting /ˈmaʊntɪŋ/ [adjective only before noun] increasing to such a high level that something is likely to happen or be done 加剧的［以至于某事很可能要发生］ there are reports of mounting violence in the village tribes. 有报道说村部落间的暴力行动愈演愈烈。 the decision has been the cause of mounting tension in the capital. 这一决定是造成首都局势更趋紧张的原因。 amid mounting excitement, an official came forward to announce the result of the election. 人们愈来愈兴奋，这时一位官员上前来宣布选举结果。16. an increase in the strength of feelings 感情强度的增加 increase /ˈɪŋkriːs/ [countable noun] increase in there has been a marked increase in opposition to military action. 反对军事行动的势头明显增强。 what is the reason for the increase in gang hostility in small towns? build-up /ˈbɪld ʌp/ [countable noun usually singular] a gradual increase in a particular feeling, especially a negative one ［尤负面情绪的］加剧，增长 build-up of the players always feel a huge build-up of tension and nerves before an important game. 在重大比赛之前，运动员总会感到越来越紧张和焦虑。 deal with any problems when necessary, so preventing a build-up of strain. 有必要时就处理一下问题，这样就能防止压力的积聚。 surge /sɜːʳdʒ/ [singular noun] a sudden and large increase in a feeling ［感觉的］急速增长 surge of sophie felt a surge of anger, but with an effort she suppressed it. 索菲感到怒火中烧，但努力把它压了下去。 a surge of elation rushed through his body as he read the note for the third time. 当他第三次读纸条时，一股愉悦感传遍全身。 there has been a tremendous surge of interest in chinese medicine. 大家对中医药的兴趣突增。☞ increase¹☞ increase² |
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