| 单词 | permission |
| 释义 | permission nounadjective | verb + permission | preposition | phrases adjective➤full完全许可➤special特别许可➤explicit, express明确的许可◆staff may not leave early without the express permission of the director.未经主管明确许可，工作人员不能早退。➤tacit默许➤formal, government, legal, official正式／政府／法律／官方许可➤parental父母的许可➤written书面许可➤necessary必要的许可◆they chopped the trees down without having been granted the necessary permission.他们在未获得必要许可的情况下把树砍倒了。➤specific特定许可➤prior事先的许可◆he was not allowed to leave the city without the prior permission of the authorities.未经当局事先批准，他不能离开本市。➤proper适当的许可➤outline (bre) 初步许可◆the council granted outline permission for the construction of a house on the land.委员会初步批准在这块土地上建房。➤planning建筑许可◆you will need to obtain planning permission if you want to extend your house.需要获得建筑许可才能扩建房屋。verb + permission➤have有许可➤gain, get, obtain, receive, secure, win (especially bre) 获得许可；获准；得到允许➤give (sb), grant (sb)准许（某人）；给予（某人）许可➤deny sb, refuse sb拒绝给某人许可➤revoke, withdraw (both especially bre) 撤销／撤回许可➤need, require需要许可➤apply for, ask, ask for, request, seek申请许可；请求批准➤await等待许可preposition➤with sb's permission, without sb's permission有某人的许可；无某人的许可◆the information was published with the full permission of amnesty international.该消息的发布得到了大赦国际的完全许可。➤permission for为⋯的许可◆she was given permission for a three-month visit to asia.她获准访问亚洲三个月。◆i did not give permission for anyone to print it or copy it.我未准许任何人将其打印或复制。◆the council refused planning permission for the erection of a block of flats. (bre) 委员会拒绝批准一座公寓楼的建造规划。➤permission to做⋯的许可◆permission to park停车许可phrases➤by permission of sb经某人的允许◆the illustrations are reproduced by kind permission of the library.插图经图书馆惠允复制。permission /pəmɪʃn; name pərm-/ noun1. [uncountable] the act of allowing sb to do sth, especially when this is done by sb in a position of authority 准许；允许；批准◆you must ask permission for all major expenditure. 所有重大开支须经批准。◆the trademark can't be used without permission. 这个商标未经许可不得使用。⨁ to ask for / request / seek permission请求批准；征求同意 ⨁ to get / obtain / receive permission获准 ⨁ to give / grant permission准许 ⨁ to deny / refuse permission拒绝批准 (law 法律) [countable, usually plural] an official written statement allowing sb to do sth 许可证；书面许可◆the publisher is responsible for obtaining the necessary permissions to reproduce illustrations. 出版商负责取得复制插图所需的书面许可。☞ permission permission noun ➡ see also the entries for approval and licence另见 approval 条和 licence 条permission ♦︎ consent ♦︎ authorization ♦︎ authority ♦︎ clearance ♦︎ the go-ahead ♦︎ leavethese are all words for allowing sth to happen or allowing sb to do sth.这些词均表示准许、许可。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆permission / consent / authorization / authority / clearance for sth◆without sb's permission / consent / authorization / authority / leave◆with sb's permission / consent / authorization / authority / leave◆permission / consent / authorization / authority / clearance / the go-ahead / leave to do sth◆formal permission / consent / authorization / authority / clearance◆special permission / consent / authorization / leave◆official permission / authorization / clearance◆prior / written permission / consent / authorization / authority◆to give (sb) permission / consent / authorization / authority / clearance / the go-ahead / leave◆to get permission / consent / authorization / authority / clearance / the go-ahead / leave◆to receive authorization / clearance / the go-ahead◆to have (sb's) permission / consent / authorization / authority / clearance / leave◆to require permission / consent / authorization / authority / leave◆to refuse (sb) permission / consent / authorization / clearance / leave■ permission [uncountable] the fact of being allowed to do sth, by sb who has the authority or right to decide准许；许可；批准◆i asked permission to photograph the house.我请求允许给房子拍照。◆who gave permission for this?谁准许这么做的？◆he had taken the car without his father's permission.他未经父亲许可就擅自把车开走了。◆the portrait is reproduced by kind permission of the artist.该画像经画家慷慨许可后复制。◆the council refused planning permission (= official permission for new buildings or changes to existing ones).政务委员会拒绝给予规划许可。 ➡ see also permit → allow ■ consent /kənsent/ [uncountable] (rather formal) permission that you give for sth, especially sth that affects you personally, your family or your property同意，准许（尤指涉及到个人、家庭或财产的事宜）◆he was accused of taking a vehicle without the owner's consent.他因未征得车主同意擅自将车开走而受指控。◆the written consent of a parent is required.需要有家长书面同意。◆children under sixteen cannot give consent to medical treatment.16 岁以下儿童不得自行同意接受治疗。◆the girl was under the age of consent (= the age at which sb is legally old enough to agree to have sex).这个女孩未到自行同意发生性关系的法定年龄。opp refusal → refusal ➡ see also consent → agree 2 note 辨析 permission or consent? permission is often (though not always) official, given by sb in authority; the important thing is for the person who wants to do sth to have or get the permission.尽管有例外，permission 常常是权威机构给予的、官方的许可，侧重点在于做某事之前必须先获得这一许可，动词用 have 或 get◆have you got permission to do that?你得到许可那样做了吗？◆have you got consent to do that? consent is often more personal, concerning what is done with sb's private property or their body; it is often used in the context of medical treatment or sexual relations; the important thing is for the person that sth is being done to give their consent. * consent 常表示个人同意，关系到如何处置私人财产和个人身体，常用于同意进行治疗或发生性关系等语境。侧重点在于必须本人表示同意之后别人才能对他有所行动，动词用 give◆children under sixteen cannot give consent to medical treatment.16 岁以下儿童不得自行同意接受治疗。◆children under sixteen cannot give permission for medical treatment. however, in less formal contexts, permission may be used instead of consent.但是，在较非正式的语境，permission 可以代替 consent◆you need written permission from your parents.你需要得到父母的书面同意。in more formal contexts consent may be used instead of permission.在较正式的语境中，consent 可以代替 permission◆they had planning consent for a hotel and conference centre on the site.他们已获准在这个地点建一座酒店和会议中心。■ authorization (bre also authorisation) /ɔːθəraɪzeɪʃn; name ɔːθərəzeɪʃn/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) official permission to do sth; the act of giving permission批准；授权◆you may not enter the security area without authorization.未经授权不得进入警戒区域。◆the order was, in effect, an authorization to plan a coup.该命令实际上是授权策划政变。◆the department is responsible for the authorization of spending.这个部门负责审批支出预算。 ➡ see also authorize → allow ■ authority [uncountable] (rather formal) official permission or power to do sth批准；授权；权力◆the government was accused of selling the land without formal authority.政府被指控没有得到正式批文就卖了这块地。◆the minister must answer to parliament for anything his officials have done under his authority.部长必须向国会解释他手下官员经他授权的一切所作所为。note 辨析 authorization or authority?there is not much difference in meaning between these words. authorization is nearly always permission for a particular action, or the act of giving this permission; authority can be more general, meaning 'the power to give permission': things can be done under sb's authority but not 'under sb's authorization'.这两个词的含义差别不大。authorization 几乎总是指做某事的许可，或给予许可。authority 一词更笼统，可以表示审批权，表示“经某人的批准”可以用 under sb's authority，但是不用 under sb's authorization。■ clearance /klɪərəns; name klɪrəns/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) official permission that sb must get before they can work somewhere, have particular information, or do sth they want to do; official permission for a person or vehicle to enter or leave an airport or country（录用、接触特定信息或做某事之前的）审查许可，审核批准；（人、交通工具出入空港或出入境的）许可，准许◆it is safest to seek advance clearance from the tax office.安全起见还是事先去税收办公室申请许可。◆allow a minimum of six weeks to obtain the necessary clearances.至少留出六周时间以取得必要的审查许可。◆the aircraft received clearance to taxi out for take-off.飞机得到许可，可以滑行起飞了。 ➡ see also clear → allow ■ the go-ahead --> [singular] (rather informal, especially journalism尤用于新闻) permission for sb to start doing sth批准；许可◆the company hopes to get the go-ahead for the new service.该公司希望获得新业务许可。◆councils were given the go-ahead to spend more on housing.政务委员会已获准增加住房支出。ⓘ the go-ahead is nearly always used with the verbs get or give. * the go-ahead 几乎总是与动词 get 或 give 连用。■ leave [singular] (formal) official permission to be or go somewhere; official permission to bring a case or make a request in court（对去某地的）许可；（对起诉或申诉的）准许◆in may the officer went absent without leave.那名警察在 5 月份未经许可擅离职守。◆the school gave him leave of absence (= permission to be away) to play in the final.学校批了假给他去参加决赛。◆an application for leave to appeal (= against a decision in court) must be made within four weeks.上诉申请必须在四周之内提出。permission [uncountable] the fact of being allowed to do sth, by sb who has the authority or right to decide准许；许可；批准◆i asked permission to photograph the house.我请求允许给房子拍照。◆who gave permission for this?谁准许这么做的？◆he had taken the car without his father's permission.他未经父亲许可就擅自把车开走了。◆the portrait is reproduced by kind permission of the artist.该画像经画家慷慨许可后复制。◆the council refused planning permission (= official permission for new buildings or changes to existing ones).政务委员会拒绝给予规划许可。 ➡ see also permit → allow permission/pəˈmɪʃn ||; pɚˈmɪʃən/noun [u] permission (for sth);permission (for sb) (to do sth) the act of allowing sb to do sth, especially when this is done by sb in a position of authority 准许；许可: ◇i'm afraid you can't leave without permission. 恐怕未经批准你是不可以离开的。◇to ask/give permissionfor sth 要求准许做某事；准许做某事 ☞be careful. permission is uncountable. a document that says that you are allowed to do something is a permit. 注意，permission是不可数的。准许某人做某事的文件叫做permit（许可证）。 permissionsee ⇨ let/allow 8 per·mis·sion /pə`mɪʃən; pəˈmɪʃən/n [u]if you have permission to do something, someone in authority allows you to do it 许可，允许，准许:◇you have to ask permission if you want to leave early. 要早退的话你必须征得同意。◇did your father give you permission to use his car? 你爸爸允许你开他的车了吗？ ☞ permission |
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