《词性转换》-教育论文，中学教育论文-论文范文参考-科学狗论文网

网站首页词典首页

标题

词性转换

范文

张梅

今年三套全国卷中的语法填空和短文改错共有十道题考查词性转换，可见词性转换是高考的必考点之一。解答这类题的关键就是熟练掌握词性与成分之间的关系。

在英语中，不同的词性所做的成分往往不同。比如，下列例句中的划线词的意思都是“成功”，但是由于所做的成分不同，使用的词性也不同。

词性与成分之间的关系是中英文的一大不同之处。下面结合今年的高考题讲讲最常考的三种词性：形容词、副词和名词。

1. 形容詞主要做定语和表语。

定语通常修饰名词，而表语则位于系动词之后。系动词中最常见的是be，此外，常用的还有look， sound， feel， smell， taste， keep， stay， remain， become， get， turn等。

2. 副词通常做状语。

修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。

3. 名词主要做主语和宾语。

现在我们来看看今年全国卷中的语法填空和短文改错是如何考查这三种词性的：

1.（全国Ⅲ卷）They also shared with us many__________（tradition）stories.

2.（全国Ⅲ卷）What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.

3.（全国Ⅱ卷）We are so proud of her. Its__________（wonder）.

4.（全国Ⅱ卷）First， I wanted to be a fireman， whose uniform looked so coolly.

5.（全国Ⅰ卷）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been__________（poor）studied.

6.（全国Ⅱ卷）Her years of hard work have__________（final）been acknowledged.

7.（全国Ⅲ卷）They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were__________（huge）popular with tourists.

8.（全国Ⅲ卷）When they were free from work， they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting __________（compete）to watch.

9.（全国Ⅰ卷）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements， leading to a__________（believe）that populations are increasing.

10.（全国Ⅰ卷）To everyones surprising， the ball went into the net.试题解析：

1～4道题都是考查形容词的用法。

第1、2题是形容词做定语，分别修饰后面的名词stories和café，所以答案分别是traditional 和ordinary。第3、4题是形容词作表语，分别位于系动词is和looked之后，答案分别是wonderful 和cool。

5～7题都是考查副词的用法。

第5、6题是副词修饰动词study和acknowledge，所以答案分别是poorly 和finally。第7题是副词修饰形容词popular，答案是hugely。

8～10题都是考查名词的用法。

三者都是做介词（of和to）的宾语，答案分别是competition， belief和surprise。也可这样判断，在冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后，用名词。

最后给同学们提两条建议：

一是要多练习，多思考。俗话说，熟能生巧。所以，适当的练习是必不可少的。更重要的是，对于错题一定要多反思，反复体会词性与成分之间的关系。

二是要重视派生词的学习和积累，熟记常见的前缀和后缀。例如：在学习compete这个动词时，可以同时学习其名词（competition， competitor）和形容词（competitive），并记住名词后缀-tion， -or和形容词后缀-ive。这种方式不仅有助于扩大词汇量，而且可以让我们在做词性转换时得心应手。练一练

1. She is determined to carry on with her _______________ （educate）.

2. This switch has decreased _____________（pollute）in the countrys major lakes.

3. The river was so polluted that it ______________（actual）caught fire and burned.

4. The crowd of strangers ______________（sudden）became friendly to one another.

5. ______________（lucky）， he also had a cow which produced milk every day.

6. My legs become _____________（pain）.

7. She was _______________ （surprise）helpful.

8. One of the __________（effect）ways to build vocabulary is to read good books.

9. He has ruined his healthy.

10. Im terrible sorry that I wont be able to come this time.

11. Try to remain quiet and calmly.

12. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.

答案：1. education 2. pollution 3. actually 4. suddenly 5. Luckily 6. painful 7. surprisingly 8. effective 9. healthy—health? 10. terrible—terribly 11. calmly—calm 12. grow—growth

责任编辑蒋小青

随便看

科学优质学术资源、百科知识分享平台，免费提供知识科普、生活经验分享、中外学术论文、各类范文、学术文献、教学资料、学术期刊、会议、报纸、杂志、工具书等各类资源检索、在线阅读和软件app下载服务。