| 单词 | penalty |
| 释义 | penalty noun¹ 1punishment惩罚adjective | verb + penalty | penalty + noun | preposition adjective➤harsh, heavy, hefty, severe, stiff, strict, substantial, tough严厉的处罚；重罚；严惩➤draconian严厉的处罚➤light轻罚▸➤maximum, minimum最重的／最轻的处罚➤ultimate极刑◆these crimes carried with them the ultimate penalty of execution.这些罪行导致他们被处以极刑。➤automatic, fixed, mandatory自动处罚；定额罚款；强制性处罚◆a new system of fixed penalties for most traffic offences一套新的适用于大多数交通违章的定额罚款系统◆the legislation sanctions harsh mandatory penalties for weapons possession.法规批准对持有武器实行严厉制裁。➤financial, monetary, tax经济处罚；罚款；税务罚款◆the heavy financial penalties of paying off the loan early为提前还清贷款而交纳的巨额罚款➤exit, redemption (both bre) 按揭退出费；解除抵押罚金◆there are redemption penalties if you pay off the mortgage early.如果提前还清按揭，要付解约费。➤death死刑◆the movement for the abolition of the death penalty争取废除死刑的运动➤civil, criminal民事／刑事处罚verb + penalty➤impose, introduce, levy加以处罚；推行处罚；收罚款➤reintroduce, restore恢复处罚◆calls to restore the death penalty对恢复死刑的呼吁➤apply, give, hand down, hand out40 - espbr added :pooler-->, issue (especially bre) 运用／给予／公布／提出／发布处罚◆the penalty handed down was disproportionate to the crime committed.被判处的刑罚与所犯罪行不相称。➤exact (formal) , implement (especially bre) 强制执行／实施惩罚◆from time to time, the death penalty was exacted for murder.犯谋杀罪者有时被执行死刑。➤charge (especially bre) 收取罚金20 in bre - espbr added :pooler-->◆some lenders charge heavy penalties for early settlement.有些贷款人对提前还清贷款收取巨额罚金。➤enforce, prescribe执行／处以罚款➤threaten威胁要处罚➤receive收到罚款➤seek谋求罚款◆he was seeking financial penalties against the company.他正谋求对该公司处以罚款。➤deserve应该受罚➤risk冒罚款的风险➤increase, stiffen, toughen加重／加强／强化处罚➤reduce减轻处罚➤attract, carry招致处罚◆crimes which carry severe penalties要受严惩的罪行➤face, incur面临／招致处罚➤avoid, escape避免／逃脱处罚➤waive免予处罚◆credit card companies will waive penalties for flood victims who are unable to pay on time.信用卡公司将免除无法按时还款的水灾灾民的滞纳金。➤eliminate撤销处罚penalty + noun➤fee罚款➤notice, ticket (both bre) 罚款通知单◆you will be given a fixed penalty notice if you fail to renew insurance on time.如未能及时续保，将收到定额罚款通知书。➤fine (bre) 罚款◆there is a fixed penalty fine of £50 for allowing your dog to foul public places.狗在公共场所排便，其主人要被处以 50 英镑的定额罚款。➤point (bre) 违章驾驶罚分◆penalty points are given to drivers who speed.超速行驶的司机要被扣违章分。➤payment (especially bre) 罚款缴付➤clause (especially bre) 处罚条款➤system罚款制度preposition➤on penalty of, under penalty of违背则受⋯处罚◆the romans prohibited the teaching of the torah on penalty of death.罗马人禁止讲授《摩西五经》，违者处死。◆the application should be signed under penalty of perjury.申请应签字，否则以伪证罪论处。➤penalty for因⋯而受的处罚◆the penalty for murder因谋杀而受的刑罚➤penalty on对⋯的处罚◆he threatened stiffer penalties on young offenders.他扬言要对未成年犯施加更严厉的处罚。penalty noun² 2disadvantage不利verb + penalty | preposition verb + penalty➤pay, suffer付出代价；招致苦恼◆he's now paying the penalty for his misspent youth.现在他要为虚度青春付出代价。◆people who lose their jobs are suffering the penalties for longer periods.失业者遭受的痛苦时间更长。➤accept接受不利后果preposition➤penalty for因⋯引起不利后果◆you must accept the penalty for your rash actions.你必须为你的鲁莽行为付出代价。➤penalty of⋯的弊端◆it's just one of the penalties of fame.它只是成名带来的苦恼之一。penalty noun³ 3in football/soccer足球adjective | verb + penalty | penalty + noun | preposition adjective➤controversial, disputed, dodgy, informal) , dubious有争议的处罚；可疑判罚➤winning制胜的点球➤well-struck踢得非常好的点球➤missed没有踢进的点球➤first-half, injury-time, second-half上半场的／伤停补时阶段的／下半场的点球➤early, late开场不久的／临近终场的点球➤last-minute最后关头的点球➤12th-minute, etc.第 12 分钟等的点球verb + penalty➤award (sb), give (sb)判给（某人）点球➤concede, give away送上点球◆they were leading until cole gave away a penalty.在科尔送出一粒点球之前他们一直领先。➤appeal for要求裁判判罚点球➤be awarded, be given, earn, get, have, land, win被判给点球；得到点球机会◆we were unlucky not to get a penalty.很不幸，我们没得到点球机会。➤boot50 :pooler-->, dispatch, kick, strike70 :pooler-->, take踢点球300 :pooler-->➤score from罚点球得分190 :pooler-->◆owen scored from a first-half penalty.欧文上半场点球得分。➤net, slot home踢进点球；点球破门◆ricketts netted his third penalty of the season to put his team ahead.里基茨打进了他本赛季的第三粒点球，使他的球队领先。➤miss没扑到点球➤save扑出点球penalty + noun➤area, box, corner, spot罚球区；受罚席；罚球区角；罚球点➤award获点球➤kick踢点球➤shoot-out点球决胜负➤goal点球得分➤miss点球罚失100 :pooler-->➤save点球的扑救100 :pooler-->➤taker点球主罚者➤chance, opportunity点球机会➤attempt想制造点球preposition➤penalty by, penalty from由⋯罚的点球◆they won, thanks to a late penalty from fry.他们靠弗赖伊临近终场的一粒点球赢得了比赛胜利。 ➡ topic at sports penalty /penəlti/ noun [countable, uncountable] (plural penalties) a sum of money to be paid by sb who breaks a rule or contract 罚金；罚款◆the penalty for late payment of tax due is $100. 延迟纳税的罚金为 100 元。◆you can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty. 你可以随时从账户中取款而无需支付罚金。◆the regulatory authorities have the power to impose financial penalties. 管理当局有权罚款。⨁ to impose / introduce a penalty罚款 ⨁ to face / incur a penalty面临／招致罚款 ☞ penaltypenalty /penəlti/ [countable] (rather formal) an official punishment given to sb because they have broken a law, rule or contract惩罚；处罚；刑罚◆assault carries a maximum penalty of seven years' imprisonment.侵犯人身罪可判处最高七年的监禁。◆contractors who fall behind schedule incur heavy financial penalties.承包商如延误工期将招致巨额罚款。◆you can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty.您可以随时从账户中提款，不收罚金。opp reward → award penalty/ˈpenəlti ||; ˈpɛnḷtɪ/noun [c] (plural penalties) 1. a punishment for breaking a law, rule or contract 处罚；惩罚；刑罚: ◇the death penalty 死刑◇what's the maximum penalty for smuggling drugs? 走私毒品最严厉的处罚是什么？ 2. a disadvantage or sth unpleasant that happens as the result of sth （某事导致的）不利、不愉快情况或后果: ◇i didn't work hard enough and i paid the penalty. i failed all my exams. 我没有用功，因而自食其果，各科考试都不及格。 3. (in sport) a punishment for one team and an advantage for the other team because a rule has been broken （体育）对犯规队伍的处罚: ◇the referee awarded a penalty to the home team. 裁判判给主队一个罚球。 penaltysee ⇨ punish 4 • • •• ⇨ the death penalty pen·al·ty /`pɛnḷtɪ; ˈpenlti/n [c] 1. a punishment for not obeying a law, rule, or legal agreement 刑罚，惩罚，处罚:◇a penalty of ￡50 for not paying your bus fare 因不买车票罚款 50 英镑◇the death penalty (=the punishment of being killed) 死刑 2. a punishment against a team or player for breaking a rule in a game ［比赛中的］处罚 3. in soccer a chance to kick the ball into the goal of the other team, because they have broken the rules ［足球比赛中的］点球，十二码球 |
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