| 单词 | need |
| 释义 | need noun¹ 1situation where sth is needed/necessary需要adjective | verb + need | need + verb | preposition | phrases adjective➤big, considerable, great, strong大的需要；相当大的需要；极大的需要；殷切的需求◆there is a great need for english language classes.英语课的需求量很大。➤special特别的需要◆there is a special need for well-trained teachers.特别需要训练有素的老师。➤overriding, overwhelming, paramount高于一切的需要；压倒一切的需要；最高需求▸➤burning, compelling, critical, crying, desperate, dire, driving, immediate, pressing, serious, urgent强烈的／迫切的／危急的／紧急的／极大的／急切的／紧迫的／迫在眉睫的／急迫的／重大的／刻不容缓的需要◆a crying need for skilled workers急需技术工人◆these children are in dire need.这些孩子亟需救助。➤real真正的需要▸➤clear明显的需要▸➤basic, essential, fundamental基本的需求；根本的需要▸➤sudden突然的需求▸➤constant, continuing经常的／持续的需要◆he's in constant need of treatment.他需要持续的治疗。➤growing, increased, increasing越来越大的需求；更加迫切的需要▸➤reduced减少的需要▸➤possible不时之需▸➤perceived意识到的需要▸➤common共同的需要◆our common need for self-preservation人人都需要的自我保护➤individual个人的需要▸➤human人的需要◆the human need to order existence人类有序生存的需要➤political, social政治／社会需要verb + need➤feel, have觉得有必要；有需要◆i felt the need to do something.我觉得需要做些事。➤express表达需要◆several governments have expressed the need for a cautious approach to the conflict.几国政府都表示需要审慎处理这一冲突。➤demonstrate, indicate, prove, show, suggest表明／说明／证明／显示／暗示需要◆the incident proved the need for a continuing military presence in the area.这一事件证明该地区需要继续驻军。➤reflect反映需要◆a law reflecting a need for better social conditions反映需要改善社会环境的法规➤create创造需要◆the war created a need for national unity.这场战争使人们渴求国家统一。➤address, fill, fulfil/fulfill, meet, satisfy应对／填补／迎合／实现／满足需要▸➤be driven by受需要驱动◆research is currently driven by the need to reduce pollution.研究是针对时下减少污染这一需要展开的。➤avoid, eliminate, obviate, remove避免需要；排除⋯的需要◆early intervention frequently eliminates the need for surgery.早期干预经常可以免除手术。➤reduce降低⋯的需要▸➤be aware of, be sensitive to意识到⋯的需求；对需求敏感▸➤accept, acknowledge, perceive, recognize, see认可⋯的需要；承认⋯的需要；察觉到⋯的需要；认识到⋯的需要◆i see no need to do anything hasty.我看没有必要仓促行事。➤emphasize, heighten, highlight, reaffirm, stress, underline, underscore (especially name) 强调⋯的必要；提高⋯的必要；突出⋯的必要；重申⋯的必要◆she stressed the need for cooperation with the authorities.她强调了同当局合作的必要性。➤support支持必要性◆i understand and support their need to make a living.我理解并支持他们维持生计的需要。➤ignore, overlook忽视需要；忽略需求▸➤deny否认必要◆the government has denied the need for economic reform.政府不承认经济改革的必要性。➤understand理解⋯的需要▸➤consider考虑⋯的需要need + verb➤exist需要存在◆a need exists to bridge the gap between theory and practice in nursing.需要消除护理理论与实践脱节的现象。➤arise需要出现◆the system can be switched to emergency power should the need arise.需要时该系统可以启用紧急供电。preposition➤in need (of)需要（⋯）◆a campaign to help children in need帮助贫困儿童的活动◆the room was sorely in need of a fresh coat of paint.这间屋子很有必要重新粉刷一次。➤need for对⋯的需要◆the need for change变革的需要phrases➤any, little, no, etc. need任何／几乎没有／没有必要◆there's no need to worry.不必担心。need noun² 2sth that sb requires需要的事物adjective | verb + need | phrases adjective➤basic, essential, fundamental基本需要；根本的需要▸➤particular, special, specific, unique某种／特殊的／具体的／独特的需要◆a school for children with special educational needs为需要特殊教育的儿童开办的学校➤immediate, pressing当前的／紧迫的需要▸➤long-term长期的需要▸➤future将来的需要▸➤changing变化的需要▸➤conflicting相互冲突的需要▸➤unmet未满足的需要▸➤local当地的需要▸➤individual, personal个人的／私人的需要▸➤community, public社区的／公众的需要▸➤customer, patient, user, etc.顾客、病人、用户等的需要▸➤customers', patients', users', etc.顾客、病人、用户等的需要▸➤human人类的需要◆energy for cooking is a basic human need.做饭用的能源是人类的一项基本需要。➤humanitarian人道主义的需要▸➤material, physical物质需要；实物的需要◆material needs of food and shelter对食物与住所的物质需要➤dietary饮食的需要▸➤health, health-care, medical健康的／保健的／医疗的需要▸➤biological, bodily, emotional, physical, psychological, sexual, spiritual生物上的／身体上的／感情上的／生理上的／心理上的／性方面的／精神上的需要▸➤educational教育的需要▸➤political, social政治的／社会的需要▸➤business, economic, financial商业需求；经济需要；财务需要▸➤operational操作需求▸➤energy能源需求▸➤information信息需求verb + need➤be responsive to, be sensitive to对需要反应积极；对需要敏感▸➤address, cater for, cater to, cover, fill, fit, fulfil/fulfill, meet, provide for, respond to, satisfy, serve, supply应对需要；满足需要；迎合需求◆a new union set up to address the needs of seasonal workers针对季节性工人的需求而新设立的工会◆€25 a day was enough to cover all his needs.一天 25 欧元足够支付他的各种花费。◆we have now met most of the humanitarian needs of the refugees.我们现在已经满足了难民的大部份人道主义需要。➤suit, tailor sth to迎合需要；使⋯迎合需要◆the coaching is informal and tailored to individual needs.这种训练不拘形式，按个人的需要制订。➤identify确定需要▸➤assess, consider评估／考虑需要▸➤balance平衡需求◆we try to balance the needs of all our customers.我们尽力平衡所有顾客的需求。phrases➤needs and desires需求与渴望▸➤sb's every need某人的所有需要◆our staff will cater to your every need.我们的员工会满足您的所有需要。need verbadverb | verb + need adverb➤badly, desperately, really, sorely, urgently非常／迫切／着实／十分／急切需要◆she needed some money badly.她急需一些钱。◆research is urgently needed into the causes of this illness.急需对这种病的起因进行研究。➤certainly, definitely肯定需要▸➤probably可能需要▸➤clearly, obviously显然／明显需要▸➤just, only, simply只需要；仅仅需要◆i just need some information.我只需要一些信息。➤hardly几乎不需要◆you hardly need me to tell you that your father is still very frail and must not be upset.不用我说你也知道，你父亲还很虚弱，一定不能让他生气。➤not necessarily不一定需要◆these people require 24-hour attention, but they do not necessarily need to be in the hospital.这些人需要 24 小时看护，但不一定非得住院。➤no longer不再需要▸➤still仍然需要verb + need➤be going to将会需要▸➤be expected to, be likely to, may well预计会／或许／很可能需要◆you may well need to look outside your preferred area to find an affordable hotel.你很可能需要到你心仪地区以外的地方去看看是否有能住得起的旅馆。 need /niːd/ noun [countable, usually plural] the things that sb requires in order to live in a comfortable way or achieve what they want 需要；需求；欲望◆tailor your services to fit your customers' needs. 提供量身订制的服务以满足顾客的需要。◆we need to balance the needs of investors with those of the company. 我们必须平衡投资者和公司的需要。◆the aim of the project is to analyse our operational needs. 这个项目的目的是分析我们的经营需要。 ➡ want ⨁ to analyse / assess / determine / identify / understand sb's needs分析／评估／决定／确定／理解某人的需要 ⨁ to address / fit / meet / serve / suit sb's needs满足／适合／符合／满足／适应某人的需要 ☞ need need nounneed ♦︎ requirement ♦︎ necessity ♦︎ essential ♦︎ wantthese words are all words for sth that you need, or a situation in which sth is necessary.这些词均表示必需品或必要、需要。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆a need / requirement / necessity for sth◆basic needs / requirements / necessities / essentials◆a / an pressing / urgent / immediate / absolute / fundamental need / requirement / necessity◆a political / social / physical need / requirement / necessity◆human / bodily needs / wants◆the bare necessities / essentials◆to have a need / a requirement / wants◆to meet / satisfy sb's needs / requirements / wants◆to understand / be aware of / remove / reduce the need / requirement / necessity for sth■ need [singular, uncountable] the fact that sth must happen or be done必要；需要；必须◆there is an urgent need for qualified teachers.迫切需要合格教师。◆there is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起。◆i had no need to open the letter－i knew what it would say.我没必要拆开那封信 － 我知道里面会说些什么。◆the house is in need of a thorough clean.这房子需要来个大扫除。ⓘ your needs [plural] are the things that you must have in order to live in a comfortable way or achieve what you want.复数形式的 needs 指达至生活舒适或成就某事所需要的事物◆first we will assess your financial needs.我们首先会评估你经济上的需要。◆your role will be to support children with special educational needs.你的职责是帮助有特殊教育需要的儿童。 ➡ see also need → desire noun ■ requirement [countable] (formal) something that you need or want所需的（或想要的）东西◆our immediate requirement is extra staff.我们急需增加人手。◆these goods are surplus to requirements (= more than we need).这些货物超过了我们的需要。■ necessity /nəsesəti/ [countable] (rather formal) the fact that sth must happen or be done; sth that you must have and cannot manage without必要；需要；必需的事物；必需品◆there had never been any necessity for her to go out to work.她从来就没有出去工作的必要。◆many people cannot even afford basic necessities such as food and clothing.许多人甚至买不起食物和衣服之类的基本必需品。◆air-conditioning is an absolute necessity in this climate.这样的气候绝对需要有空调。 ➡ see also necessitate → mean verb 3 ■ essential [countable, usually plural] something that you must have in a particular situation or in order to do a particular thing必不可少的东西；必需品◆i only had time to pack the bare essentials (= the most necessary things).我只来得及装上最基本的用品。◆the studio had all the essentials like heating and running water.工作室里备有基本设施，如暖气装置和自来水。ⓘ essentials are often described as bare or basic.常用 bare 或 basic 描述 essentials。 ➡ see also essential → essential adj. ■ want [countable, usually plural] something that you must have and cannot manage without, especially in order to live（尤指维持生存所需的）必需品；需要的东西◆the snail does not need to travel far to satisfy all its bodily wants.蜗牛不必爬远就能满足身体的所有需要。 ➡ see also want → desire noun note 辨析 necessities, essentials or wants? wants are usually the most basic and physical of these: things that your body needs in order to go on living; the most common collocates are human and bodily. essentials are usually more practical: the basic things that you need in order to do a particular thing or activity. necessities is a more general word and can cover both physical and practical needs.这些词中，wants 通常是最基本和最实质的东西，即是指身体为维持生存所需的东西，最常见的搭配词是 human 和 bodily。essentials 通常更实际一些，指做特定的事或活动所需要的基本东西。necessities 含义更广，既可指身体的需要，也可指实务上的需要。 need verbneed ♦︎ require ♦︎ rely on/upon sb/sth ♦︎ want ♦︎ call for sth ♦︎ demandthese words all mean to want to have sb/sth that is essential or very important.这些词均表示需要、必需。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to really need / require / want / call for / demand sth◆to just need / require / want sth◆to still need / require / rely on / call for sth◆to urgently need / require / want sb / sth◆to clearly / obviously need / require / call for / demand sth■ need [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) to want to have sb/sth because they are/it is essential or very important, not just because you would like to have them/it需要；必需◆do you need any help?你需要帮忙吗？◆don't go－i might need you.别走，我可能需要你帮忙。◆they badly needed a change.他们迫切需要一场变革。◆food aid is urgently needed.迫切需要食物援助。◆this shirt needs washing.这件衬衫该洗了。◆i need to get some sleep.我需要睡会儿觉。 ➡ see also need → desire noun ■ require [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) (formal) to need sth; to depend on sb/sth需要；依靠；依赖◆this condition requires urgent treatment.这种情况得紧急处理。◆these lentils do not require soaking before cooking.这些小扁豆在烹调前无须浸泡。◆the situation required that he be present.这种情形需要他在场。■ rely on/upon sb/sth phrasal verbto need or depend on sb/sth, especially in order to be able to continue doing sth（尤指为继续做某事而）依赖，依靠◆as babies, we rely entirely on others for food.在婴儿时期，我们完全依赖别人喂食。◆these days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。◆the industry relies on the price of raw materials remaining low.这一产业靠的是原料便宜，不涨价。ⓘ rely upon sb/sth is more formal than rely on sb/sth. * rely upon sb/sth 较 rely on sb/sth 正式。 ➡ see also rely on/upon sb/sth → trust ■ want [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) (rather informal, especially spoken) to need sth需要◆what this house wants is a good clean.这房子需要好好打扫一下。◆the plants want watering daily.这些花草需要天天浇水。ⓘ if a person is wanted somewhere, they are needed to be present in the place or for the purpose mentioned. * sb is wanted 指需要某人在场◆she's wanted immediately in the director's office.她得马上到主任办公室去。◆excuse me, you're wanted on the phone.对不起，有你的电话。■ call for sth -->phrasal verb (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (of a situation) to need sth or cause sb to need sth（形势）需要◆the situation calls for prompt action.目前的形势需要立即采取行动。◆'i've been promoted.' 'this calls for a celebration!'“我升职了。”“那得庆祝一下！”ⓘ call for sth is mainly used to talk about what is needed as a result of a particular situation, especially in the phrase this calls for a celebration/a drink/patience/new ways of thinking. * call for sth 主要指在特定的形势需要做某事，尤用于短语 this calls for a celebration/a drink/patience/new ways of thinking （那得庆祝一下／喝一杯；那需要耐心／新的思维方式）。■ demand [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (rather formal) to need sth in order to be done successfully（为顺利完成而）需要◆this sport demands both speed and strength.这项运动既需要速度也需要体力。ⓘ demand is typically used to talk about situations which need qualities in people which relate to strength, hard work or high moral standards. * demand 通常指需要人的体力、勤奋或道德水准达到一定要求◆this demands commitment / skill / courage / mental effort / maturity / respect / honesty.这需要献身精神／技巧／勇气／努力思考／成熟／尊重／诚实。need [countable, uncountable] a strong feeling that you want or must have or do sth渴望；迫切需要◆she felt the need to talk to someone.她特别想和人聊聊。◆i'm in need of some fresh air.我需要呼吸点新鲜空气。◆it can be difficult to express our needs and desires.表达自己的需求和想望并非易事。 ➡ see also need → need noun , need → need verb note 辨析 desire or need?a need is usually stronger than a desire: it is usually sth which you feel you must have, not just sth that you would like; when it is used in negative sentences, however, it can mean sth that you don't want. * need 通常比 desire 强烈，指渴望得到某物不仅是因为喜欢，更是出于迫切需要；但在否定句中 need 可表示不想要的事物◆she had no more need of me (= did not want me any more).她再也不需要我了。need [singular, uncountable] the fact that sth must happen or be done必要；需要；必须◆there is an urgent need for qualified teachers.迫切需要合格教师。◆there is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起。◆i had no need to open the letter－i knew what it would say.我没必要拆开那封信 － 我知道里面会说些什么。◆the house is in need of a thorough clean.这房子需要来个大扫除。ⓘ your needs [plural] are the things that you must have in order to live in a comfortable way or achieve what you want.复数形式的 needs 指达至生活舒适或成就某事所需要的事物◆first we will assess your financial needs.我们首先会评估你经济上的需要。◆your role will be to support children with special educational needs.你的职责是帮助有特殊教育需要的儿童。 ➡ see also need → desire noun need [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) to want to have sb/sth because they are/it is essential or very important, not just because you would like to have them/it需要；必需◆do you need any help?你需要帮忙吗？◆don't go－i might need you.别走，我可能需要你帮忙。◆they badly needed a change.他们迫切需要一场变革。◆food aid is urgently needed.迫切需要食物援助。◆this shirt needs washing.这件衬衫该洗了。◆i need to get some sleep.我需要睡会儿觉。 ➡ see also need → desire noun need [uncountable] the state of not having enough food, money or support（食物、钱或支持的）短缺，缺乏◆the charity aims to provide assistance to people in need.这家慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。◆he helped me in my hour of need.在我困难的时候他帮助过我。 ➡ see also needy → poor 1 need [singular, uncountable] (usually used in negative statements通常用于否定陈述) a good reason to do sth需要；必须◆there is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起。◆i had no need to open the letter－i knew what it would say.我没必要拆开那封信 － 我知道里面会说些什么。ⓘ in this meaning, need is almost always used in the phrases there is/was no need (for sb) to do sth. and have no need to do sth.表达此义时，need 几乎总是用于短语 there is/was no need (for sb) to do sth 和 have no need to do sth。need¹/ni:d ||; nid/verb [t] (not usually used in the continuous tenses 通常不用于进行时) 1. need sb/sth (for sth/to do sth) if you need sth, you want it or must have it 需要；要: ◇all living things need water. 所有生物都需要水。◇i need a new film for my camera. 我的照相机需要新胶卷。◇does roshni need any help? 罗什尼要帮忙吗？◇i need to find a doctor. 我要找个医生看病。◇i need you to go to the shop for me. 我要你替我去店里买点东西。 2. to have to; to be obliged to 一定要；必须要: ◇do we need to buy the tickets in advance? 我们要不要预先买票呢？◇i need to ask some advice. 我必须向人征求意见。◇you didn't need to bring any food but it was very kind of you. 你其实无须带任何食物，你真是非常周到。 the question form of the main verb need is do i need ?, etc and the past tense is needed (question form did you need ?, etc; negative didn't need). 主要动词need的疑问式是do i need?，而过去时是needed（疑问式是did you need?，否定式是didn't need）。 3. need (sth) doing if sth needs doing, it is necessary or must be done 须要或必要办到（某事）: ◇this jumper needs washing. 这件套头毛衣要洗了。◇he needed his eyes testing. 他须要做眼睛检查。 although this verb is not usually used in the continuous tenses, it is common to see the present participle (= -ing form) patients needing emergency treatment will go to the top of the waiting list. 虽然这个动词通常不用于进行时，但它的现在分词还是常见：patients needing emergency treatment will go to the top of the waiting list.需要紧急治疗的病人将被列在等候者名单的前面。need²/ni:d ||; nid/modal verb (not used in the continuous tenses; used mainly in questions or negative sentences after if and whether, or with words like hardly, only, never 不用于进行时；主要用于疑问句或否定句的if或whether后，或与hardly、only、never等词连用) to have to; to be obliged to 一定要；必须要: ◇need we pay the whole amount now? 我们是不是现在就须缴付全额呢？◇you needn't come to the meeting if you're too busy. 如果你太忙的话就不一定要来开会。◇i hardly need remind you (= you already know) that this is very serious. 我想你自己也明白这是十分严重的事。 the present tense is need in all persons; the negative form is need not (needn't), the question form is need i ?, etc 现在时的所有人称都是need；否定式是need not(needn't)，疑问式是need i?等 when talking about the past, needn't have with a past participle shows that you did something but discovered after doing it that it was not necessary i needn't have gone to the hospital (= i went but it wasn't necessary). didn't need to with an infinitive usually means that you did not do sth because you already knew that it was not necessary i didn't need to go to the hospital (= i didn't go because it wasn't necessary).for more information about modal verbs, look at the quick grammar reference section at the back of this dictionary. 谈论过去的时候，needn't have加上后面的过去分词表示做了某事，但后来又发现没有必要：i needn't have gone to the hospital.我其实用不着去医院（我去了，但是没有必要）。didn't need to加上后面的不定式通常表示没有做某事，因为你早已知道没有必要：i didn't need to go to the hospital.我不需要去医院（我没有去，因为没有必要）。有关情态动词的详细用法，参看本词典末“语法便览”部份。need³/ni:d ||; nid/noun1. [u] [sing] need (for sth);need (for sb/sth) to do sth a situation in which you must have or do sth 需要；必要；必须: ◇we are all in need of a rest. 我们大家都需要休息。 [sing] ◇there is a growing need for new books in schools. 学校对新书的需求日益增长。◇there's no need for you to come if you don't want to. 如果你不想来，是可以不来的。 [sing] ◇do phone me if you feel the need to talk to someone. 如果你需要找人说说话，就打电话给我吧。 2. [c] [usu.pl] the things that you must have 必需的东西；必需品: ◇he doesn't earn enough to pay for his basic needs. 他赚的钱不足以支付他的基本需要。◇parents must consider their children's emotional as well as their physical needs. 父母一定要顾及子女在感情上和物质上的需要。 3. [u] the state of not having enough food, money or support 贫困: ◇a campaign to help families in need 一场帮助贫困家庭的运动 ☞ need/necessary☞ need¹☞ need² |
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