| 单词 | change |
| 释义 | change noun¹ 1becoming/making sb/sth different变得不同；使变得不同adjective | verb + change | change + verb | preposition | phrases adjective➤big, considerable, dramatic, drastic, enormous, extensive, far-reaching, fundamental, important, major, marked, massive, momentous, noticeable, profound, radical, revolutionary, sea, significant, substantial, sweeping很大的变化；相当大的变化；令人吃惊的变化；急剧的变化；巨大的变化；广泛的变化；具有深远意义的转变；根本的转变；重要的转变；显著的转变；革命性的转变；翻天覆地的变化；彻底的变化；大规模的变化◆i need to make some drastic changes in my life.我需要好好改变一下自己的生活。◆television has undergone a sea change in the last two years.过去两年里电视发生了巨大的变化。◆these reforms have brought about significant changes in the overall economy.这些改革给整个经济带来了重大的变化。◆the report called for sweeping changes to the health system.该报告呼吁全面改革医疗卫生制度。➤complete, wholesale完全的／全面的转变▸➤irreversible不可逆转的改变▸➤systematic系统性的改变▸➤cosmetic, marginal, minimal, minor, slight, small, subtle表面的改变；不重要的变化；最小的变化；微小的变化；细微的变化▸➤lasting, long-term, permanent长久的／长期的／永久的变化➤short-term短期的变化▸➤abrupt, rapid, sudden突然的变化；飞快的转变▸➤gradual逐渐的变化▸➤seasonal季节性变化▸➤net, overall净额变动；整体变化◆net change in incomes收入净额变化➤global总变化▸➤qualitative, quantitative质变；量变▸➤beneficial, desirable, effective, exciting, nice, pleasant, positive, refreshing, welcome有益的变化；称心的变化；显著的变化；令人兴奋的变化；令人高兴的变化；积极的变化；使人耳目一新的变化；受欢迎的转变◆the manual work made a welcome change from his previous job as a telephone operator.相对于他先前电话接线员的工作而言，干体力活儿是个可喜的变化。➤unwelcome不受欢迎的转变▸➤unanticipated, unexpected, unforeseen出乎意料的／未料到的／意外的变化▸➤climate, constitutional, cultural, demographic, economic, environmental, evolutionary, legislative, organizational, political, population, social, structural, technological, temperature气候的变化；宪法的改动；文化变迁；人口方面的变化；经济变化；环境的变化；渐进性的变化；立法的变革；组织上的变革；政治变革；人口的变化；社会变迁；结构改变；技术变革；温度的变化◆these policies are designed to combat the effects of climate change.这些政策旨在应对气候变化的影响。➤career, culture, gear, lifestyle, name, personality, policy, regime, rule, sex职业变动；文化变革；换挡；生活方式的改变；改名；性格改变；政策改变；政权更迭；规则变化；变性◆the need for a culture change within the industry该行业文化变革的需要◆he made a rapid gear change as he approached the bend.快到转弯处时，他急速换挡。verb + change➤make做改动◆i made a couple of minor changes to my opening paragraph.我对开头那段做了几处小小的改动。◆it made a pleasant change not having to work.难得不用工作，真好。➤bring about, cause, effect, force, induce, produce, trigger导致／引起／造成／迫使／诱发／产生／引发变化◆how far does war bring about social change?战争在多大程度上导致社会变化？➤implement, initiate, institute, introduce实施变革；着手改变◆we are going to introduce a few changes to the system.我们将对这个系统进行几处修改。➤undergo经历变化▸➤show显示转变◆he needs to show a change in attitude if he is to succeed.他要成功就必须表现出态度上的转变。➤reflect反映变化◆courses offered in schools reflect changes in the job market.学校开设的课程反映出就业市场的变化。➤document, measure, monitor记录／探查／监测变化◆the research will measure any changes in the children's sleep patterns.该研究将探查儿童睡眠模式可能出现的各种变化。➤call for, demand要求变化；需要改变◆he called for a change of mood in scottish politics.他呼吁改变苏格兰的政治气氛。➤detect, note, notice, observe, see发现／留意／注意到／观察／看到变化◆i've seen many changes since i started farming.自从开始务农以来，我看到了很多变化。➤oppose, resist反对变化；抗拒改变◆we resist change because of fear of the unknown.我们抗拒变革是因为对未知的恐惧。➤embrace接受改变◆young people are more willing to embrace change.年轻人比较乐意接受变革。➤accommodate, adapt to顺应／适应变化◆businesses have to adapt to change.做生意得适应变化。➤prevent防止改变▸➤be subject to依变化而定◆train times are subject to change without notice.火车时间可能随时变动，不再预先通告。change + verb➤come, happen, occur, take place变化出现；变化发生◆major economic changes have occurred recently.最近发生了一些重大经济变化。➤affect (sb/sth)变化影响（⋯）➤result in sth变化导致⋯preposition➤for a change变化一下◆i usually take the bus to school, but today i walked for a change.我通常坐公共汽车去上学，但今天我换了一个方式，步行去的。➤change in在⋯方面变化◆the last few years have seen a change in attitudes to single parents.最近几年人们对单身父母的态度有所改变。➤change of⋯的变化◆a change of government政府的更换➤change from, change to从⋯变化；改变为⋯◆the change from the old to the new system从旧体制到新体制的转变phrases➤a change for the better, a change for the worse好转／更坏◆i reckon we've all made a big change for the better.我认为我们大家都向好的方面大大转变了。➤a change of clothes (= an extra set of clothes to change into) 换洗衣服◆take a change of clothes in case you get dirty.带上一身换洗衣服以防衣服穿脏了。➤a change of heart, a change of mind改变主意◆he said he's not coming, but he might have a change of heart.他说他不会来，但他或许会改变主意。➤a change of scene, a change of scenery换换环境◆i needed a change of scene / scenery after being in the job for so long.这个工作干了这么久，我需要换个地儿了。➤a climate of change变革的气候◆in the current climate of change, adaptability is vital.在当前变革的大气候中，适应能力是至关重要的。➤the pace of change, the rate of change变化的步伐／速度◆a successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。➤a period of change变化期◆the eighties were a period of great change in publishing.80 年代是出版业经历巨大转变的一个时期。➤the tide of change, the winds of change变化的潮流／趋势◆the president realized he could not hold back the tide of change, and resigned.总裁意识到自己无力阻止变革的浪潮，辞职了。change noun² 2coins/notes of low value硬币；小额纸币adjective | preposition | phrases adjective➤loose, small零钱◆he emptied his pockets of loose change.他把口袋里的零钱全掏出来了。preposition➤in change⋯的零钱形式◆i had around £25 in change.我有大约 25 英镑的零钱。➤change for⋯的零钱◆ask the cashier if she has change for €20.问问收银员，看她是否能换 20 欧元的零钱。phrases➤chump change (name, informal) 少量的钱◆$150 million is chump change (= a small amount of money) compared with the potential losses.与可能造成的损失相比，1.5 亿美元微不足道。change noun³ 3money you get back if you pay too much找头verb + change | preposition verb + change➤check, count核对找回的钱；数找回的钱◆i checked my change before leaving the store.离开商店前我核对了给我的找头。➤give找钱◆this machine does not give change.这个机器不找零。➤get得到找钱▸➤take收下找钱▸➤keep留下找钱◆i told the taxi driver to keep the change.我告诉出租车司机不用找零钱了。preposition➤change from, change out of⋯剩下的找头◆the meal left me with not much change from $200.这顿饭花得我 200 美元没剩多少了。change verbadverb | preposition | phrases adverb➤considerably, dramatically, drastically, fundamentally, greatly, a lot, markedly, profoundly, radically, significantly, substantially变化极大；变化迅猛；根本上转变；变化很大；变化显著◆our way of life has changed dramatically over the last ten years.过去 10 年里我们的生活方式发生了巨大的变化。◆jane has changed a lot since she went to college.自从上大学以来，简变了很多。➤completely, totally完全地转变➤slightly, subtly稍有变化；有微妙的变化◆her voice changed subtly.她的嗓音有些微妙的变化。➤little变化很小◆the town has actually changed very little in the last hundred years.在过去 100 年里，该镇实际上没有什么变化。➤all the time, constantly, continually, forever一直在变化；不断变化◆the language is changing all the time.该语言一直在变化。◆technology has forever changed the way businesses operate.科学技术不断改变着做生意的方式。➤fast, overnight, rapidly, suddenly变化很快；一夜之间改变；变化迅速；突然地改变◆attitudes to marriage are changing fast.人们对婚姻的态度变化很快。➤gradually, slowly逐渐地／慢慢地变化➤irrevocably, permanently不可逆转地／永久地改变preposition➤from从⋯改变◆caracas changed from a small town into a busy city.加拉加斯由一个小镇变成了一个繁忙的城市。➤into, to变成⋯◆his anger changed to sadness.他的怒火变成了悲哀。phrases➤change out of all recognition变得让人完全认不出◆the place had changed out of all recognition.这个城镇变得让人都认不出来了。change /tʃeɪndʒ/ verb [transitive] 1.to exchange money into the money of another country 兑换货币◆where can i change my traveller's cheques? 哪儿可以兑换旅行支票？◆to change dollars into yen 将美元兑换成日元2.to exchange money for the same amount in different coins or notes 换零钱◆can you change a £20 note? 你能将一张 20 英镑的钞票换成零钱吗？◆to change a dollar bill for four quarters 将一元美钞换成四枚二十五分的硬币 (bre) to exchange sth that you have bought for sth else, especially because there is sth wrong with it; to give a customer a new item because there is sth wrong with the one they have bought 更换◆this shirt i bought's too small—i'll have to change it for a bigger one. 我买的这件衬衫太小，必须换件大点的。◆of course we'll change it for a smaller size for you. 我们当然会给你换件小一点尺码的。 ➡ see note at exchange ●change hands (also exˌchange hands) to pass to a different owner 换主人；易主◆the company has changed hands several times. 这公司已几易其主。change /tʃeɪndʒ/ noun1. [countable, uncountable] the act or result of sth becoming different 改变；变化；变革◆important changes to the tax system 税制的重大变革◆a change in interest rates 利率改变◆people who resist change 抗拒变革的人◆technology creates economic and social change. 技术引起经济和社会变革。⨁ economic / social / structural / technological change经济／社会／结构／技术变革 2. [countable] the process of replacing sth with sth new or different; a thing that is used to replace sth 替代；替代物◆we must notify the bank of our change of address. 我们必须将我们更改了的地址通知银行。◆the company has announced a number of management changes. 公司已宣布了一系列管理上的变动。3. [uncountable] the money that you get back if you pay more than the amount sth costs （给我的）零钱；找头◆don't forget your change! 别忘了找给你的零钱！◆the ticket machine gives change. 售票机自动找零钱。4.coins rather than paper money 辅币；硬币◆i need some change for the phone. 我需要一些打电话的硬币。◆a dollar in change (= coins that together are worth one dollar) 总值一元的硬币◆have you got change for a twenty-euro note (= coins or notes that are worth this amount)? 你有二十欧元的硬币吗？ agent of change ◇ bureau de change ◇ career change ◇ champion of change ◇ pocket change ◇ short-change ◇ step change ☞ change☞ change☞ exchange/change/returnchange noun 1➤a change in the weather天气的变化➤make changes to sth改变某事change ♦︎ shift ♦︎ variation ♦︎ swing ♦︎ fluctuation ♦︎ variability ♦︎ alternationthese are all words for the act of becoming different, especially frequently.这些词均表示改变、变化，尤指多变。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆a change / a shift / a variation / a swing / a fluctuation / variability / an alternation in sth◆a shift / a variation / a fluctuation / an alternation between a and b◆a shift / swing towards sth◆(a) considerable change / shift / variation / fluctuation / variability◆a big / dramatic / massive change / shift / variation / swing◆(a) small change / shift / variation / swing / fluctuations◆(a) rapid change / shift / fluctuation / alternation◆(a) random change / variation / fluctuation / alternation◆(a) seasonal change / variation / fluctuation◆to cause a change / a shift / a variation / a swing / fluctuations / variability◆to produce a change / a shift / a variation / a swing / fluctuations◆to show a change / a shift / a variation / a swing / fluctuation / an alternation / variability◆a change / a shift / a variation / a swing / fluctuation occurs■ change [countable, uncountable] the result of sth becoming different改变；变化；变更◆we're hoping for a change in the weather.我们希望天气有所变化。◆there was no change in the patient's condition overnight.病人的病情整夜未变。◆she is someone who hates change.她是厌恶改变的人。◆how far does war bring about social change?战争带来的社会变动有多大？ⓘ a change [singular] is the fact of a situation, place or experience being different from what is usual and therefore likely to be interesting or enjoyable.用作单数形式的 a change 指令人感兴趣或可喜的变化、变更◆let's stay in tonight for a change.咱们今晚换换口味，就待在家里吧。◆it makes a change to read some good news for once.破例读到点好消息，真让人高兴。■ shift [countable] (especially journalism尤用于新闻) a change in position or direction（位置或方向的）改变，转变◆these results mark a dramatic shift in public opinion.这些结果表明公众舆论发生了急剧变化。◆there was a gradual shift in the population away from the countryside to the towns.人口逐渐从农村向城镇转移。◆i detected a subtle shift towards our point of view.我察觉到转向我方观点的微妙变化。◆these climate shifts occurred over less than a decade.发生这些气候变化不超过十年。■ variation [countable, uncountable] frequent change in the amount, quality or level of sth（数量、质量或水平上频繁的）变化，变更，变动◆the dial records very slight variations in pressure.这个刻度盘能显示很微小的压力变化。◆currency exchange rates are always subject to variation.货币汇率总在波动。◆we need to take seasonal variation into account (= depending on the time of year).我们需要考虑季节性波动。 ➡ see also variation → difference ■ swing [countable] a change from one opinion or situation to another; the amount by which sth changes（观点或情况的）改变；改变的程度◆he is liable to abrupt mood swings (= for example from being very happy to being very sad).他的情绪容易大起大落。◆voting showed a 10% swing to labour.投票显示 10% 的人转而支持工党。◆there are indications of a swing towards nuclear power.有迹象表明人们转而支持核能。ⓘ swing is used especially to talk about political, social and cultural changes, as well as mood swings or swings of mood. * swing 尤指政治、社会和文化方面的变化，“情绪变化”用 mood swings 或 swings of mood。■ fluctuation /flʌktʃueɪʃn/ [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) frequent change in the size, amount, level or quality of sth, especially from one extreme to another（大小、数量、水平或质量上频繁剧烈的）波动◆the situation led to wild fluctuations in interest rates.这种情况导致了利率的大幅波动。◆recent ice-cap surveys reveal climatic fluctuation.近期对冰冠进行的考察揭示了气候的波动。■ variability /veəriəbɪləti; name veriəbɪləti, væriəbɪləti/ [uncountable] (written) the fact of sth being likely to vary可变性；易变性；反覆不定◆the changes were attributed to natural climatic variability.这些变更是自然气候多变造成的。◆there is always a degree of variability in the exchange rate.汇率总是有一定幅度的变化。 ➡ see also variable → variable ■ alternation /ɔːltəneɪʃn; name ɔːltərneɪʃn/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) a repeated change between different situations, feelings, types of behaviour or ideas（情况、情绪、行为或想法上重复性的）改变，变化◆the alternation of day and night昼夜交替◆such rapid alternations of mood are a feature of her writing.如此快速的情绪变化是她文字作品的一个特征。ⓘ alternations involve changing from one situation to another, and then back to the first situation again. * alternation 指周而复始的变化。change noun 2➤a change in the weather天气的变化➤make changes to sth改变某事change ♦︎ amendment ♦︎ transition ♦︎ adjustment ♦︎ conversion ♦︎ modification ♦︎ switch ♦︎ alteration ♦︎ revision ♦︎ adaptationthese are all words for the act or result of making sth different.这些词均指改变、调整、更正。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆a change / an amendment / a transition / an adjustment / a conversion / a modification / a switch / an alteration / a revision / an adaptation to sth◆a change / an adjustment / a modification / a switch / an alteration in sth◆(a) major change / amendment / transition / adjustment / modification / alteration / revision / adaptation◆(an) important change / amendment / transition / adjustment / modification / switch / alteration / revision◆(a) radical change / adjustment / alteration / revision / adaptation◆(a) slight change / amendment / adjustment / modification / alteration / revision◆(a) constant change / adjustment / modification / alteration / revision / adaptation◆to propose / suggest a change / an amendment / a modification / an alteration / a revision / an adaptation◆to make a change / an amendment / the transition / an adjustment / a modification / a switch / an alteration / a revision / an adaptation◆to carry out / undertake a conversion / modification / an alteration / revision◆to need / require amendment / adjustment / modification / alteration / revision◆to undergo a transition / modification / alteration / revision■ change [countable, uncountable] the act or result of making sth different改变；变化；变更◆i made a couple of minor changes to the opening paragraph.我对起始段作了几处小改动。◆he made a rapid gear change as he approached the bend.接近拐弯处时，他快速换挡。◆he called for a change of mood in scottish politics.他号召改变苏格兰政治的氛围。◆train times are subject to change without notice.列车时刻表可能会变更而不另行通知。 ➡ see also change over → switch verb ■ amendment /əmendmənt/ [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) a small change or improvement that is made to a law or document; the process of changing a law or document（法律或文件的）改动，修正案，修订◆a major amendment was introduced into the legislation.对此项法规提出了一项重大修订。◆parliament passed the bill without further amendment.议会未作进一步修改便通过了议案。 ➡ see also amend → adjust ■ transition /trænzɪʃn, trænsɪʃn/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another过渡；转变；变迁◆the company was slow to make the transition from paper to computer.这家公司从纸本到电脑的转变缓慢。◆he will remain head of state during the period of transition to democracy.在向民主政权过渡的时期，他仍将是国家首脑。◆this class is useful for students who are in transition (= in the process of changing) from one training programme to another.对转换培训项目的学生来说，这一课程很有用。◆we need to ensure a smooth transition between the old system and the new one.我们需要确保新旧制度的平稳过渡。▸ transitional adjective◆a transitional period过渡时期◆a transitional government过渡政府■ adjustment /ədʒʌstmənt/ [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) a small change that is made to sth in order to correct or improve it; a change in the way a person behaves or thinks调节；（行为或思想的）调整，适应◆i've made a few adjustments to the design.我对设计作了几处调整。◆some adjustment of the lens may be necessary.可能需要调整一下镜头。◆she went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up.婚姻破裂后，她熬过了一段感情调整期。ⓘ adjustment is usually used to talk about small changes made to objects, rather than documents. * adjustment 常指对物品，而非文件作的小调整、小变化。 ➡ see also adjust → adjust ■ conversion /kənvɜːʃn; name kənvɜːrʒn/ [uncountable, countable] the act or process of changing sth from one form, use or system to another（形式、用途或系统上的）转变，转换，转化◆their main business is the conversion of farm buildings into family homes.他们的主要业务是将农场建筑物改建为家庭住宅。◆conversion to gas central heating will save you a lot of money.转成燃气中央供暖系统可以省不少钱。◆the firm specializes in house conversions (= turning large houses into several smaller flats or apartments).这家公司专营房屋改建。 ➡ see also convert → turn 2 , convert → switch ■ modification /mɒdɪfɪkeɪʃn; name mɑːdɪfɪkeɪʃn/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the act or process of changing sth in order to correct or improve it or make it more acceptable; a change that is made修改；改进；改变◆considerable modification of the existing system is needed.需要对现有系统进行相当大的改进。◆it might be necessary to make a few slight modifications to the design.也许有必要对这个设计稍作几处修改。 ➡ see also modify → adjust ■ switch [countable] (rather informal, especially journalism尤用于新闻) a change from one thing to another, especially when this is sudden and complete（尤指突然彻底的）改变，转变◆she made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born.第一个孩子出生后，她就从全职改为兼职工作了。◆he has vehemently opposed the policy switch.他强烈反对改变政策。 ➡ see also switch → switch verb ■ alteration /ɔːltəreɪʃn/ [countable, uncountable] a change to sth that makes it different; the act of making a change to sth改变；变化；改动◆they are making some major alterations to the house.他们在对这栋房子作一些大改动。◆the dress will not need much alteration.这条连衣裙不需要大改。note 辨析 adjustment, modification or alteration? adjustments are usually small changes that are made to designs or equipment. modification can be used to talk about a wider variety of changes, but it is often used to describe larger changes made to systems or vehicles. alteration is often used to talk about changes people make to buildings, especially their houses. * adjustment 常指对设计方案或设备所作的小调整。modification 所指的改变含义更广，但常指对系统或车辆所作的大改变。alteration 常指对建筑物，尤其是住宅所作的改变。■ revision /rɪvɪʒn/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the act of changing sth, or of examining sth with the intention of changing it; a change or set of changes made修改；检查；（一项或一轮）修订◆the system is in need of revision.系统需要更新。◆he made some minor revisions to the report before printing it out.把报告打印出来之前，他作了一些小的修改。ⓘ revisions are usually made to correct sth that is wrong, or to bring sth up to date. * revision 通常指修订错误，或进行更新。 ➡ see also revise → adjust , revise → revise ■ adaptation /ædæpteɪʃn/ [uncountable] (rather formal) the process of changing sth, for example your behaviour, to suit a new situation适应◆we've been studying the adaptation of species to hot conditions.我们一直在研究物种对炎热环境的适应问题。change verb 1➤change your habits改变你的习惯➤changing attitudes towards education不断变化的对教育的看法replacechange your doctorturn2caterpillars change into butterflies. ➡ see also the entry for adjust另见 adjust 条change ♦︎ alter ♦︎ adapt ♦︎ shift ♦︎ tailor ♦︎ varythese words all mean to make sb/sth different.这些词均表示改变。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to change / alter / adapt / tailor sth for sb / sth◆to change / alter / adapt a plan / story◆to change / alter / shift / vary the emphasis◆to change / alter / shift the balance / perspective◆to change / alter / adapt your behaviour◆to change / adapt / vary your routine◆to change / alter / shift your / sb's attitude / opinion◆to change / alter / adapt / tailor sth accordingly◆to change / adapt / tailor sth specially / carefully■ change [transitive] to make sb/sth different改变；使变化◆information technology has changed the way people work.信息技术改变了人的工作方式。◆this incident changed the whole course of events.这件事改变了整个事态的发展。◆what made you change your mind (= change your opinion)?什么使你改变了想法？◆the fruit changes colour as it ripens.这种水果成熟时会变色。◆don't keep changing the subject.不要总是改变话题。■ alter /ɔːltə(r)/ [transitive] to make sb/sth different改变；更改；改动◆this development will alter the character of the town.这项开发将改变城区的风貌。◆nothing can alter the fact that we are to blame.错在我们，这是无法改变的事实。note 辨析 change or alter?sometimes you can use either word.这两个词有时可通用◆fame hasn't really changed / altered him.名声并没有使他有丝毫改变。however, change often suggests a complete change, whereas alter can suggest a smaller change.不过，change 常指彻底的改变，而 alter 可指小的改变◆this law needs to be altered (= changed slightly in order to improve it).这项法律需要修改。◆this law needs to be changed (= changed completely or got rid of).这项法律需要更改。 alter is often used when sth does not change * alter 常用否定陈述◆it doesn't alter the way i feel.这改变不了我的感觉。or to talk about making changes to particular aspects of sth.或指改变事物的某些方面◆they can alter the programme until success is achieved.他们可以改变程序直至成功为止。 change can also be used in all of these cases, but its range of uses is much wider, including particular collocations such as change your mind, change your name, change colour, change tack and change the subject. * change 可用于以上所有情况，且其使用范围更广，固定搭配有 change your mind，change your name，change colour，change tack 和 change the subject。■ adapt [transitive] to change sth in order to make it suitable for a new use or situation使适应，使适合（新用途或新情况）◆most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。◆these styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.这些样式可以修改，以适应个人不同喜好。 ➡ see also modify → adjust , adaptable → flexible 1 ■ shift [transitive] to change the way that people think about sth改变（观点）◆they are trying to shift public attitudes about the nature of old age.他们试图改变公众对老龄本质的看法。◆we need to shift the focus of this debate.我们需要转换一下辩论焦点。ⓘ typical collocates of shift are attitudes, opinions, balance, emphasis, focus and perspective. * shift 的常见搭配词有 attitudes、opinions、balance、emphasis、focus 和 perspective。■ tailor /teɪlə(r)/ [transitive] to make or adapt sth for a particular purpose or person专门制作；订做◆special programmes of study are tailored to the needs of specific groups.为满足特定群体的需要，特制了专门的课程。◆most travel agents are prepared to tailor travel arrangements to meet individual requirements.为满足个别人士的需要，大多数旅行社都愿意作出专门的旅游安排。■ vary [transitive] to make changes to sth to make it slightly different（略为）变更，改变◆the job enables me to vary the hours i work.这项工作使我能够调整工作时间。◆the aerobics instructor varies the routine each week.健美操教练每周都改变动作套路。ⓘ vary is used especially to talk about making slight changes to a routine of sth that you do regularly. * vary 尤与 routine 连用，指对定期做的事情进行小的改变。change verb 2➤change your habits改变你的习惯➤changing attitudes towards education不断变化的对教育的看法replacechange your doctorturn2caterpillars change into butterflies.change ♦︎ vary ♦︎ shift ♦︎ fluctuate ♦︎ swing ♦︎ alter ♦︎ alternatethese words all mean to become different.这些词均表示发生改变、起变化。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to change / shift / swing from sth to sth◆to vary / fluctuate / swing / alternate between a and b◆to change / vary / fluctuate according to sth◆to change / vary / fluctuate / swing wildly◆to change / vary / shift / fluctuate / swing / alter dramatically / sharply◆to change / vary / shift / fluctuate / alter significantly◆to change / vary / shift / fluctuate constantly / continually◆to change / shift / fluctuate / swing rapidly◆to change / shift / swing suddenly◆to change / vary / alter little / slightly / somewhat◆to hardly / never change / vary / alter■ change [intransitive] to become different改变；变化◆rick hasn't changed. he looks exactly the same as he did at school.里克一点儿没变，他和上学时一模一样。◆we examined changing attitudes towards education.我们研究了对于教育不断变化的看法。◆the language is changing all the time.语言总是在变化。◆leeds changed from a small market town into a busy city.利兹从一个小集镇变成了热闹的城市。◆her life changed completely when she won the lottery.她彩票中奖后生活彻底改变了。■ vary [intransitive] to change frequently or be different according to the situation（根据情况）变化，变更，改变◆the menu varies with the season.菜单随季节而变动。◆prices vary according to the type of room you require.价格随要求的房间类型而有所变化。◆class numbers vary between 25 and 30.班级的数目从 25 到 30 不等。◆pulse rates vary slightly from person to person.每个人的脉搏快慢略有不同。◆'what time do you start work?' 'it varies.'“你几点钟开始工作？” “没准儿。”■ shift [intransitive] (especially journalism尤用于新闻) (of a situation or opinion) to change from one state or position to another（情况或观点）改变，转向◆the balance of power shifted away from workers towards employers.力量从工人一方转向雇主一方去了。◆public attitudes towards marriage have shifted over the past 50 years.50 年来，公众对婚姻的态度已经改变。■ fluctuate /flʌktʃueɪt/ [intransitive] (rather formal or written) to change frequently in size, amount, level or quality, especially from one extreme to another（大小、数量、水平或质量大幅）波动；（在⋯之间）起伏不定◆during the crisis, oil prices fluctuated between $30 and $50 a barrel.在危机时期，石油价格在每桶 30 到 50 美元之间波动。◆temperatures can fluctuate by as much as 10 degrees.温差可达 10 度之大。◆my weight fluctuated wildly depending on how much i ate.我的体重会因我吃多少东西而变化很大。■ swing (swung, swung) [intransitive] (especially journalism尤用于新闻) to change from one opinion, mood or situation to another, especially from one extreme to another（观点、情绪或情况）改变，剧变◆the state has swung from republican to democrat.这个州从支持共和党转向支持民主党。◆his emotions swung between fear and curiosity.他时而害怕，时而好奇。◆the game could swing either way (= either side could win it).这场比赛胜负未卜。■ alter /ɔːltə(r)/ [intransitive] to become different改变；变化◆property prices did not significantly alter during 2007.2007 年，房产价格没有大的变化。◆he had not altered greatly in the last ten years.在过去的十年间，他变化不大。note 辨析 change or alter?sometimes you can use either word.这两个词有时可通用◆rick hasn't changed / altered much.里克没怎么改变。however, change is much more frequent and has a much wider range than alter: it often suggests a complete change to sth important.不过，change 比 alter 使用更频繁也更广泛，常指重要事物发生彻底的改变◆her life changed completely when she won the lottery.她彩票中奖后生活彻底改变了。◆her life altered completely. it can also be used to talk about things that are in the process of changing. * change 还可用于谈论变化中的事物◆changing attitudes to education对于教育不断变化的看法◆altering attitudes to education alter is often used when sth has changed only slightly or not at all. * alter 常在事物发生微小的改变或根本没变时使用◆the party's policies have hardly altered, but public opinion has.该党的政策几乎没变，但是公众舆论变了。■ alternate /ɔːltəneɪt; name ɔːltərneɪt/ [intransitive] (always followed by between 总是后接 between) to keep changing from one thing to another and back again交替；变换◆her mood alternated between happiness and despair.她一会儿高兴，一会儿绝望。 change [transitive] (especially spoken) to exchange money into the money of another country; to exchange money for the same amount in different coins or notes兑换（成另一国货币）；将⋯换成零钱◆where can i change my traveller's cheques?我可以到哪里兑换旅行支票？◆can you change a £20 note?你能把一张 20 英镑的钞票换成零钱吗？ ➡ see also change → money noun 2 change[countable, uncountable] the result of sth becoming different改变；变化；变更◆we're hoping for a change in the weather.我们希望天气有所变化。◆there was no change in the patient's condition overnight.病人的病情整夜未变。◆she is someone who hates change.她是厌恶改变的人。◆how far does war bring about social change?战争带来的社会变动有多大？ⓘ a change [singular] is the fact of a situation, place or experience being different from what is usual and therefore likely to be interesting or enjoyable.用作单数形式的 a change 指令人感兴趣或可喜的变化、变更◆let's stay in tonight for a change.咱们今晚换换口味，就待在家里吧。◆it makes a change to read some good news for once.破例读到点好消息，真让人高兴。 change[countable, uncountable] the act or result of making sth different改变；变化；变更◆i made a couple of minor changes to the opening paragraph.我对起始段作了几处小改动。◆he made a rapid gear change as he approached the bend.接近拐弯处时，他快速换挡。◆he called for a change of mood in scottish politics.他号召改变苏格兰政治的氛围。◆train times are subject to change without notice.列车时刻表可能会变更而不另行通知。 ➡ see also change over → switch verb change [transitive] to make sb/sth different改变；使变化◆information technology has changed the way people work.信息技术改变了人的工作方式。◆this incident changed the whole course of events.这件事改变了整个事态的发展。◆what made you change your mind (= change your opinion)?什么使你改变了想法？◆the fruit changes colour as it ripens.这种水果成熟时会变色。◆don't keep changing the subject.不要总是改变话题。 change [intransitive] to become different改变；变化◆rick hasn't changed. he looks exactly the same as he did at school.里克一点儿没变，他和上学时一模一样。◆we examined changing attitudes towards education.我们研究了对于教育不断变化的看法。◆the language is changing all the time.语言总是在变化。◆leeds changed from a small market town into a busy city.利兹从一个小集镇变成了热闹的城市。◆her life changed completely when she won the lottery.她彩票中奖后生活彻底改变了。 change [uncountable] the money that you get back when you have paid for sth giving more money than the amount it costs; coins rather than paper money找给的零钱；找头；辅币；硬币◆that's 40p change.这是找给您的 40 便士。◆the ticket machine doesn't give change.自动售票机不找零。◆do you have any change for the ticket machine?你有可以在自动售票机购票的硬币吗？◆a dollar in change (= coins that together are worth one dollar) 总值一元钱的硬币◆can you give me change for a ten pound note (= coins or notes that are worth this amount)?你能换给我 10 英镑的零钱吗？◆i didn't have any small change (= coins of low value) to leave as a tip.我没有零钱留下来付小费。 ➡ see also change → cash verb change [transitive] to replace one thing, person or service with sth new or different; to take sb else's position or place while they take yours替换，更换（东西、人或服务）；互换，交换（位置或座位）◆marie changed her name when she got married.玛丽结婚后改了姓。◆that back tyre needs changing.那个后轮胎需要更换。◆at half-time the teams change ends.球队在半场时交换场地。◆can i change seats with you?我可以和你换座位吗？◆i want to change my doctor.我想另找一位医生看病。ⓘ the usual word in american english used to talk about giving sth back for a better thing of the same kind, is exchange; this sounds rather formal in british english.在美式英语中， 表示换上更好的同类东西用 exchange，这在英式英语中听起来相当正式◆ (bre) we changed the car for a bigger one.我们换了辆更大的汽车。◆ (name) we exchanged the car for a bigger one.我们换了辆更大的汽车。 change [intransitive, transitive] (always used with into or from and to 总是与 into、from 和 to 连用) to pass or make sb/sth pass from one state or form into another（使状态或形态）变换，改变，变成◆caterpillars change into butterflies.毛虫变成蝴蝶。◆the lights changed from red to green.交通灯已由红变绿。◆with a wave of her wand, she changed the frog into a handsome prince.她魔杖一挥，把青蛙变成了英俊的王子。note 辨析 turn or change? change is only used in cases where sth changes naturally, automatically or by magic (although you can also use turn in these cases). change is not usually used when people use their effort or skill to change one thing or situation into sth different, or when circumstances change a situation. * change 仅用于某物自然、自动或被施魔法而变化的情形（尽管在这些情况下也可使用 turn）。人们经过努力或用技能达成改变或环境改变某种情况时，通常不用 change◆there are plans to change the old station into a hotel. ◆i managed to change the whole thing into a joke. ◆a minor disagreement has changed into a major crisis. change [intransitive, transitive] to put on different or clean clothes换衣服；更衣◆i went into the bedroom to change.我走进卧室更衣。◆she changed into her swimsuit.她换上了游泳衣。◆you need to change out of those wet things.你需要把那些湿衣服换掉。◆ (especially bre) i didn't have time to get changed before the party.聚会前我没来得及换衣服。◆ (especially name) i didn't have time to change clothes before the party.聚会前我没来得及换衣服。change¹/tʃeɪndʒ ||; tʃendʒ/verb1. [i,t] to become different or to make sb/sth different （使）改变: ◇this town has changed a lot since i was young. 这个镇比我年轻的时候变了许多。◇our plans have changed -- we leave in the morning. 我们的计划已经改变─我们将在早上离开。◇his lottery win has not changed him at all. 他彩票中了奖，可是他一点都没有变。 [syn] alter 同义词为alter 2. [i,t] change (sb/sth) to/into sth;change (from a) (to/into b) to become a different thing; to make sb/sth take a different form （使）转化，变为: ◇the traffic lights changed from green to red. 交通管理灯由绿色变成红色。◇they changed the spare bedroom into a study. 他们把多余的卧室改成书房。◇the new job changed him into a more confident person. 新工作使他变得更有信心。 3. [t] change sth (for sth) to take, have or use sth instead of sth else 更换: ◇could i change this blouse for a larger size? 可不可以把这件女装衬衫换大一点的尺寸？◇to change jobs 换工作◇to change a wheel on a car 换个汽车轮子◇to change direction 转向◇can i change my appointment from wednesday to thursday? 我可以把星期三的约会改到星期四吗？ 4. [t] to change sth (with sb) (used with a plural noun 与复数名词连用) to exchange sth with sb, so that you have what he/she had, and he/she has what you had 交换: ◇the teams change ends at half-time. 两队在半场时互换场地。◇if you want to sit by the window i'll change seats with you. 如果你想坐在窗口，我可以跟你换位子。 [syn] swap 同义词为swap 5. [i,t] change (out of sth) (into sth) to take off your clothes and put different ones on 换衣服: ◇he's changed his shirt. 他把衬衫换了。◇i had a shower and changed before going out. 我出门之前淋了个浴，换了衣服。◇she changed out of her work clothes and into a clean dress. 她把工作服脱下来，换上了一身干净衣裳。get changed is a common expression meaning ‘to change your clothes ’ you can get changed in the bedroom. 换衣服一般叫做get changed：you can get changed in the bedroom.你可以到卧室换衣服。 6. [t] to put clean things onto sb/sth 换上清洁的东西: ◇the baby's nappy needs changing. 要给婴孩换尿布了。◇to change the bed (= to put clean sheets on) 换床单 7. [t] change sth (for/into sth) to give sb money and receive the same amount back in money of a different type 兑换: ◇can you change a ten-pound note for two fives? 可以帮我把一张十英镑的纸币换成两张五英镑的吗？◇i'd like to change fifty pounds into us dollars. 我想把五十英镑换成美元。 8. [i,t] to get out of one bus, train, etc and get into another 换车（包括公共汽车、火车等）: ◇can we get to london direct or do we have to change (trains)? 我们能直达伦敦还是得换（火）车？ change hands to pass from one owner to another 转手；易手 change your mind to change your decision or opinion 改变决定或主意: ◇i'll have the green one. no, i've changed my mind -- i want the red one. 我要绿的。不，我改变了主意─我还是要红的。 change/swap places (with sb)→place¹change the subject to start talking about sth different 转换话题 change your tune(informal 非正式) to change your opinion or feelings about sth 改换口吻；改变看法 change your ways to start to live or behave in a different and better way from before 开始改进生活或行为方式 chop and change→chop¹ change over (from sth) (to sth) to stop doing or using one thing and start doing or using sth else 改换（作业方法）: ◇the theatre has changed over to a computerized booking system. 戏院已改用计算机订票系统。 change²/tʃeɪndʒ ||; tʃendʒ/noun1. [c,u] change (in/to sth) the process of becoming or making sth different 改变；变化: ◇there was little change in the patient's condition overnight. 晚上病人的情况并没有什么改变。◇after two hot summers, people were talking about a change in the climate. 过了两个炎热的夏天，大家都说气候变了。 2. [c] a change (of sth) something that you take, have or use instead of sth else 改动: ◇we must notify the bank of our change of address. 我们得通知银行我们改了地址。◇i packed my toothbrush and a change of clothes. 我装好牙刷和要换的衣服。 3. [u] the money that you get back if you pay more than the amount sth costs 找头: ◇if a paper costs 60p and you pay with a pound coin, you will get 40p change. 要是报纸60便士一份，而你付了一英镑硬币，那么找给你的就是40便士。 4. [u] coins of low value 零钱: ◇he needs some change for the phone. 他需要零钱打电话。◇have you got change for a twenty-pound note? (= coins or notes of lower value that together make twenty pounds) 你换得开一张二十英镑纸币吗？ a change for the better/worse a person, thing or situation that is better/worse than the one before 好转或恶化 a change of heart a change in your opinion or the way that you feel 意见或感觉的改变 for a change in order to do sth different from usual 改变常规；变变花样: ◇i usually cycle to work, but today i decided to walk for a change. 我通常骑自行车上班，但今天我决定走路，换个花样。 make a change to be enjoyable or pleasant because it is different from what you usually do 别开生面；一新耳目 ☞ change/not change☞ change¹☞ change² |
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英汉双解词典收录171353条英汉汉英双解翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。