| 单词 | excess |
| 释义 | excess noun¹ 1too much of sth过量adjective | verb + excess | preposition adjective➤rhetorical, stylistic, verbal夸大之辞；华而不实的风格；话语啰嗦◆his statements cannot be simply dismissed as rhetorical excess.不能简单地把他的陈述斥之为夸大之辞。➤financial金融过度➤scandalous, wretched (name) 骇人听闻的过度放纵◆washington has always been a city of wretched excesses.华盛顿一直都是一个极度放纵的城市。➤alcoholic (bre) 过量饮酒▸➤worst excesses最恶劣的过激行为◆the worst excesses of the 1980s20 世纪 80 年代最恶劣的暴行verb + excess➤avoid, contain, curb避免／控制／抑制过激◆'avoid excess' is the golden rule for a healthy life.健康生活的一条黄金定律就是“避免过度”。➤commit excesses, perpetrate excesses施以暴行；犯有暴行◆the worst excesses committed by the occupying army占领军犯下的残忍暴行preposition➤in excess过量◆the drug can be harmful if taken in excess.过量服用该药是有害的。➤to excess过度◆they never smoked or drank to excess.他们从不过量吸烟或饮酒。excess noun² 2an amount by which sth is larger than sth else超过部份adjective | preposition adjective➤large大大超出➤slight稍微超出preposition➤in excess of超过◆the car can travel at speeds in excess of 150 miles per hour.该车的车速能达到每小时 150 英里以上。➤excess of过量的⋯◆a large excess of gas严重过量的煤气excess noun /ɪkses/ 1. [singular; uncountable] more than is necessary or acceptable 超过；过度；过多◆there is an excess of diamonds in the marketplace. 市场上钻石过多。◆growth in sales is expected to be in excess of (= more than) five per cent. 预计销售额的增长将超过百分之五。2. [countable, uncountable] an amount by which sth is larger than sth else 多余量；超额量◆we cover costs up to €800 and then you pay the excess. 我们最多支付 800 欧元的费用，超出部分由你支付。 (insurance 保险) [countable, uncountable] the part of an insurance claim that you must pay while the insurance company pays the rest 免赔额（被保险人必须自行支付的保险索赔部分）◆all claims are subject to an excess of €100. 所有的索赔都有 100 欧元的免赔额。excess adjective /ekses/ [only before noun] in addition to an amount that is necessary or that can be used 超额的；过多的；过量的；额外的◆the excess office space has been rented to another company. 多余的办公场地已租给另一家公司。◆we have cut our prices in an attempt to reduce excess stock. 我们已降价以减少过多的库存。☞ excess☞ excess excess adjectiveexcess ♦︎ spare ♦︎ surplus ♦︎ superfluous ♦︎ leftoverthese words all describe an amount or number that is more than you want or need.这些词均表示过剩的、多余的。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆an excess / a surplus amount◆excess / surplus demand / supply◆excess / spare / surplus cash / capacity / energy◆excess / surplus / leftover food ■ excess /ekses/ [only before noun] more than is necessary, usual or legal超额的；超出的；过度的◆excess food is stored as fat.多余的食物化作脂肪贮存起来。◆driving with excess alcohol in the blood is a serious offence.驾车时血液里酒精含量过高是严重的违法行为。▸ excess noun [uncountable, singular] ◆the drug can be harmful if taken in excess.过量服用这种药可能有害。◆he started drinking to excess after losing his job.他失业后便开始酗酒。◆the increase will not be in excess of (= more than) two per cent.增幅不会超过百分之二。◆are you suffering from an excess of stress in your life?你生活中的压力是否太大？■ spare [usually before noun] that is not being used or is not needed at the present time; kept in case you need to replace the one you usually use不用的；闲置的；备用的◆we've got a spare bedroom, if you'd like to stay.要是愿意你就住下，我们有一间空卧室。◆i'm afraid i haven't got any spare cash.抱歉，我手头没有间钱。◆take some spare clothes in case you get wet.多带几件衣服，以备身上弄湿了可以换。■ surplus /sɜːpləs; name sɜːrpləs/ more than is needed or used过剩的；多余的◆surplus grain is being sold for export.过剩的谷物正销往国外。◆these items are surplus to requirements (= not needed).这几项不需要。▸ surplus noun [countable, uncountable] ◆ (rather formal) agricultural surpluses lead to the disposal of thousands of tonnes of food every year.农产品过剩造成每年有数千吨食物被丢弃。◆after meeting domestic needs any surplus will be exported.满足国内需求后所有的剩余产品都销往国外。opp deficit , shortage → lack note 辨析 excess, spare or surplus? spare is the most informal of these words, and is the one that is most likely to be used in spoken language and everyday contexts. surplus is often used in business contexts to refer to extra goods or money.这些词中 spare 最不正式，最常用于口语和日常语境。surplus 常用于商务语境，指剩余商品或资金◆surplus stock / material / products, surplus capital / funds / income / profits剩余库存／材料／产品；剩余资本／资金／收入／利润to talk about an extra amount that is seen as a bad thing, excess is often used. * excess 常指不好的事物过多的◆excess body fat / carbon dioxide / baggage过多的体内脂肪／二氧化碳；超重行李■ superfluous /suːpɜːfluəs, sjuːpɜːfluəs; name suːpɜːrfluəs/ [not usually before noun] (rather formal) more than you need or want过多；多余◆she gave him a look that made words superfluous.她看了他一眼，这已表明一切，无须多言了。■ leftover /leftəʊvə(r); name leftoʊvər/ [only before noun] still remaining after you have eaten, drunk or used what you want or need吃剩的；过剩的；多余的◆use any leftover meat to make a curry.要是有剩肉就把它做成咖喱菜。ⓘ leftover is used especially to talk about food, but it can also be used to talk about a supply of other things. * leftover 尤用来修饰食物，但也可修饰其他东西◆leftover vegetables / porridge吃剩的蔬菜／粥◆leftover paper / paint / wool剩余的纸张／油漆／毛线 ➡ see also leftover → remains noun 2 excess /ekses/ [only before noun] more than is necessary, usual or legal超额的；超出的；过度的◆excess food is stored as fat.多余的食物化作脂肪贮存起来。◆driving with excess alcohol in the blood is a serious offence.驾车时血液里酒精含量过高是严重的违法行为。▸ excess noun [uncountable, singular] ◆the drug can be harmful if taken in excess.过量服用这种药可能有害。◆he started drinking to excess after losing his job.他失业后便开始酗酒。◆the increase will not be in excess of (= more than) two per cent.增幅不会超过百分之二。◆are you suffering from an excess of stress in your life?你生活中的压力是否太大？excess /ɪkses/ [countable, uncountable] the amount by which one number or amount, especially a payment, is larger than another（尤指支付的款项）多出的数额，超过的量◆we cover costs up to €600 and then you pay the excess.我们最多承担 600 欧元的费用，超过部份由你支付。excessnoun [uncountable, singular] ◆the drug can be harmful if taken in excess.过量服用这种药可能有害。◆he started drinking to excess after losing his job.他失业后便开始酗酒。◆the increase will not be in excess of (= more than) two per cent.增幅不会超过百分之二。◆are you suffering from an excess of stress in your life?你生活中的压力是否太大？excessnoun [uncountable, singular] ◆the drug can be harmful if taken in excess.过量服用这种药可能有害。◆he started drinking to excess after losing his job.他失业后便开始酗酒。◆the increase will not be in excess of (= more than) two per cent.增幅不会超过百分之二。◆are you suffering from an excess of stress in your life?你生活中的压力是否太大？excess¹/ɪkˈses ||; ɪkˈsɛs/noun [sing] an excess (of sth) more of sth than is necessary or usual; too much of sth 过量；过多: ◇an excess of fat in your diet can lead to heart disease. 吃过多脂肪容易得心脏病。 in excess of more than 超过: ◇her debts are in excess of £1000. 她欠债超过1000英镑。 ☞verb exceed 动词为 exceed excess²/ˈekses ||; ˈɛksɛs/adj (only before a noun 只用于名词前) more than is usual or allowed; extra 过多的；额外的: ◇cut any excess fat off the meat. 把肉上多余的脂肪切掉。 ☞verb exceed 动词为 exceed excesssee ⇨ too/too much 4 • • •• ⇨ an excess of• ⇨ in excess of• ⇨ to excess☞ excess¹☞ excess² |
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