| 单词 | estimate |
| 释义 | estimate nounadjective | verb + estimate | estimate + verb | preposition adjective➤official, unofficial官方／非官方估计▸➤current, recent目前／近期估计◆current estimates suggest that supplies will run out within six months.据目前估计，供给品将在 6 个月之内用尽。➤early, initial, original, preliminary早期／最初／原先／初步估计➤latest最新估计◆inflation could rise by 15% according to the latest estimate.据最新估计，通货膨胀率可能上升 15%。➤accurate, inaccurate准确的／不准确的估计◆inaccurate estimates can lead to overproduction.不精确的估计会导致生产过剩。➤fair, good, realistic, reasonable, reliable公正的／适当的／实事求是的／合理的／可靠的估计▸➤best最好的估计◆flight times in the brochure are based on our best estimate, and will be confirmed as soon as possible.小册子里的航班时间是尽可能准确的估计，会尽快得到确认。➤approximate, rough大致的／粗略的估计➤precise精确的估计◆the manufacturers will not make precise estimates.制造商不会作出精确的估计。➤conservative, low保守的／偏低的估计◆i think 15 000 will turn out to be a very low estimate.我认为结果会证明 15,000 是非常低的估计。➤high, inflated偏高的／夸大的估计◆according to the highest estimate, over 100 000 men died in the battle.据最高估计，有 10 多万人死于这场战争。➤optimistic, pessimistic乐观的／悲观的估计➤overall总体估计◆an overall estimate of test performance性能测试的总体估计➤annual年度估计◆annual estimates of total cost总成本的年度估计➤cost, earnings成本／收入估算◆the slump is causing analysts to revise earnings estimates for next year.经济衰退使得分析家们修正了下一年的收入估算。➤population人口估计◆annual population estimates for small geographic areas小区域的年度人口估计➤casualty伤亡估计◆casualty estimates vary considerably.不同伤亡估计的出入很大。verb + estimate➤calculate, make估计◆can you make an estimate of the numbers involved?您能估计一下参与人数吗？➤generate, give (sb), produce, provide (sb with), submit形成估计；给（某人）估算；（给某人）提供预估；提交评估◆three companies submitted estimates for the work.3 家公司呈交了这项工作的评估结果。➤obtain获得预估◆how can one obtain the revised estimates?如何才能获得修订后的估算呢？➤adjust, refine, revise调整／精确调整／修正预估➤compare对比预估◆we compared estimates for various materials.我们比较了对各种不同材料的评估结果。➤exceed超过估计◆it appears that the total will exceed the estimate.总额好像要超过估计值。estimate + verb➤be based on sth估计基于⋯▸➤indicate sth, predict sth, reflect sth, say sth, show sth, suggest sth估计表明⋯／预示⋯／反映⋯／显示⋯／说明⋯／暗示⋯◆one estimate suggests that 30 000 jobs may be lost.一项估计认为有可能失去 3 万个职位。➤put sth at估计⋯达到⋯水平◆some estimates put the figure as high as 50%.有些估计认为这一数字高达 50%。➤differ, range, vary估计结果的幅度为⋯◆cost estimates vary from $50 000 to $200 000.估计花费为 5 万到 20 万美元。preposition➤according to an/the estimate根据估计◆according to the revised estimate, four million people will be without homes.根据修正过的估计，400 万人将无家可归。➤at an estimate据某种估计◆even at a conservative estimate, there is a lot of work to be done.即使保守估计，也有大量工作要做。➤in an/the estimate在估计中◆in his first estimate, he suggested a figure of £5 000.在他的最初估计里，他提出的数额是 5,000 英镑。➤estimate by, estimate from⋯作出的估计；来自⋯的估计◆by one estimate she earns $80 million a year.根据一项估计，她一年挣 8,000 万美元。➤estimate for对⋯的估计◆we will send you an estimate for the repairs.我们会将这次修理的估价发送给你。➤estimate of关于⋯的估计◆an estimate of profits利润估计◆an estimate of £300300 英镑的估价estimate verbadverb | verb + estimate | preposition adverb➤currently目前估计➤initially, originally最初估计➤previously先前估计◆substantially more than previously estimated远远超过先前的估计➤accurately, correctly, precisely, reliably准确地／正确地／精确地／可靠地估计➤roughly粗略估计◆how to roughly estimate your caloric intake如何粗略估计热量摄入➤conservatively保守估计◆it is conservatively estimated that not less than half a million people died in the famine.据保守估计，死于这场饥荒的人数不下 50 万。verb + estimate➤be difficult to, be hard to, be impossible to难以估计；无法估计➤be easy to, be possible to容易／可以估计◆this made it possible to estimate the effect of workplace ventilation.这样就能够估计工作场所的通风效果。➤be used to用于估计◆the results of the survey were used to estimate the preferences of the population at large.调查结果已用于估计公众的大致喜好。preposition➤at估计为⋯◆we estimated the cost at €50 000.我们估计费用为 5 万欧元。estimate noun /estɪmət/ [countable] 1.a judgement that you make without having the exact details or figures about the size, amount, cost, etc. of sth （对数量、成本等的）估计，估价◆can you give me a rough estimate of the time involved? 你能不能粗略估计一下所需的时间？◆estimates of inflation range from 4 to 6 per cent. 预计通货膨胀的幅度为 4%—6%。◆we had to cut our sales estimate by 5%. 我们不得不将销售估计降低 5%。◆earnings are in line with our estimates. 收入与我们的估计一致。⨁ a final / an initial / a preliminary estimate最后／初步／最初估计 ⨁ a best / careful / rough estimate最佳／仔细／粗略估计 ⨁ to cut / lower / raise / revise an estimate减少／降低／提高／修改估计 ⨁ sth is in line with / above / below an estimate某事物符合／高于／低于估计 (commerce 商业) a statement of how much a piece of work will probably cost 估计的成本；估价◆we got estimates from three firms and accepted the lowest. 我们得到三家公司的估价并接受了最低的估价。 ➡ see note at quote ⨁ to give (sb) / prepare / provide (sb with) / submit an estimate给（某人）／准备／提供（某人）／提交一项估价 ⨁ to accept / ask for / get an estimate接受／要求／得到一项估价 ➡ idiom at ballpark estimate verb /estɪmeɪt/ [transitive] (often be estimated) to form an idea of the cost, size, value etc. of sth, but without calculating it exactly 估价；估算◆they estimate that the oil price could increase to $270 by 2025. 他们估计到 2025 年石油价格可能上升至 270 元。◆sales this year are estimated at £6 billion. 今年的销售额估计为 60 亿英镑。◆a contract estimated to be worth €100 million 一份估计价值为 1 亿欧元的合同◆the contract is worth an estimated €100 million. 这份合同估计价值 1 亿欧元。◆the costs were more than originally estimated. 成本高于原来的估计。 ▸ estimation /estɪmeɪʃn/ noun [countable] ◆estimations of our total world sales are around 50 million. 我们的全球销售量估计在 5 000 万左右。☞ estimate☞ estimate☞ quote/estimate/quotation☞ quote/estimate/quotation estimate nounestimate ♦︎ count ♦︎ calculation ♦︎ tally ♦︎ reckoningthese are all words for ways of using numbers to guess or find out an amount or total.这些词均表示估计或计算。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆a / an accurate / precise estimate / count / calculation◆a rough / quick / approximate estimate / count / calculation◆to make an estimate / a calculation◆to do a count / calculation◆to keep a count / tally of sth◆by my / his, etc. estimate / calculations / reckoning...■ estimate [countable] a judgement that you make about the size, amount, cost, etc. of sth, without having the exact details or figures（对大小、数量、成本等的）估计，估算◆i can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need.我可以粗略估计一下你所需要的木材量。◆a ballpark estimate (= an approximate estimate) 大致的估算◆these are the official government estimates of traffic growth over the next decade.下面是政府对今后十年交通增长的官方估计。◆at least 5 000 people were killed, and that's a conservative estimate (= the real figure will be higher).至少 5 000 人丧生，而且是保守估计。■ count [countable, usually singular] an act of counting to find the total number of sth; the total number that you find; an act of saying numbers in order beginning with 1数出总数；总数；（按顺序的）数数◆if the election result is close, there will be a second count.如果选举结果很接近，将进行第二次计票。◆ (bre) at the last count she had 43 cats!根据最新数字统计，她有 43 只猫！◆ (name) at last count she had 43 cats!根据最新数字统计，她有 43 只猫！◆the body count (= the total number of people who have died) stands at 24.死亡人数总计 24 人。◆i've lost count of the (= forgotten how many) times i've heard that joke.我已经记不清那个笑话听过多少回了。◆on the count of three, take one step forward.数到三，就向前迈一步。 ➡ see also count → count verb ■ calculation [countable, uncountable] the act or process of using numbers to find out an amount计算◆she made a rough calculation in her head.她在脑子里粗略地算了算。◆by my calculations, we made a profit of £20 000 last year.我算了一下，我们去年的盈利达 2 万英镑。◆our guess was confirmed by calculation.我们的猜测经计算得到了证实。 ➡ see also calculate → calculate note 辨析 count or calculation? count refers to adding numbers together; calculation often refers to other mathematical functions such as multiplying and dividing numbers. * count 指加总，calculation 常涉及其他运算方式，如乘除等。■ tally [countable] a record of the number or amount of sth, especially one that you can keep adding to（数目的）记录；积分表；账◆keep a tally of how much you spend while you're away.把你外出期间的花费都记录下来。◆she scored four more points, taking her tally to 15.她又得了四分，总计 15 分。 ➡ see also tally → count verb ■ reckoning [uncountable, countable] the act of using numbers to find out an amount, especially in a way that is not very exact估算；估计；计算◆by my reckoning you still owe me £5.我算过了，你还欠我 5 英镑。 estimate verb ➡ see also the entries for calculate and count另见 calculate 条和 count 条estimate ♦︎ guess ♦︎ judge ♦︎ reckon ♦︎ calculate ♦︎ gauge ♦︎ figure ♦︎ extrapolatethese words all mean to form an idea of the cost, size, value, etc. of sth but without calculating it exactly.这些词均表示估计、估算。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to estimate / guess / judge / reckon / calculate / gauge / extrapolate sth from sth◆to estimate / reckon / calculate sth at sth◆to estimate / guess / judge / reckon / calculate / figure / extrapolate that...◆to estimate / guess / judge / figure / calculate / gauge how much / how many / how far, etc.◆to estimate / guess / judge / reckon / calculate / gauge / figure sth to be sth◆to estimate / guess / judge / calculate / gauge the amount / value / size / distance◆to estimate / guess / calculate sb / sth's age◆to estimate / judge / gauge the depth■ estimate [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to form an idea of the likely cost, size, value, etc. of sth, but without calculating it exactly估计；估算◆police estimated the size of the crowd at 50 000.警方估计人群约有 5 万人。◆estimate the time it will take to complete each section.估算一下完成每一部份需要的时间。◆the satellite will cost an estimated $500m.估计这颗卫星将耗资 5 亿美元。◆it is estimated that the project will last about four years.据估计，这项工程将历时四年。 ➡ see also estimate → valuation noun ■ guess [transitive] to find the right answer to a question or the truth about sth without knowing all the facts猜对；猜中；猜到◆she guessed the answer straight away.她一下子就猜中了答案。◆i guessed, rightly, that the keys would be under the doormat.我猜对了，钥匙在门垫下面。◆you'll never guess where they've gone.你绝对猜不到他们去哪儿了。 ➡ see also guess → speculation noun ■ judge [transitive] to estimate the size, amount, etc. of sth without measuring it exactly估计，猜测（大小、数量等）◆young children are unable to judge the speed of traffic.小孩子不懂得估算车辆的速度。◆i judged him to be about 50.我估计他约莫 50 岁左右。note 辨析 estimate or judge? estimate is used especially to talk about things such as costs, which you would have to calculate to know exactly. judge is used more for things such as distances, depths and speeds, which you would have to measure to know exactly. people often estimate future costs and lengths of time which cannot be calculated exactly, by thinking carefully about what is likely, given the information that they have. people often have to judge distances and speeds quickly, not by thinking carefully about all the available information, but by using their past experience as a guide. * estimate 尤指对须计算才能得到准确数值的事物进行估算，如 cost （成本）。judge 多与 distance、depth、speed 搭配，指对需要测量才能得出具体数据的距离、深度、速度等方面进行判定。estimate 常指根据已有信息，对所需的费用和时间等不能确切计算的概念进行仔细评估。judge 常指凭借经验迅速对距离和速度作出判断，而不是对所有的信息仔细考量后再作出判定。■ reckon [transitive, often passive] to estimate an amount or time approximately估算；估计◆the age of the earth is reckoned to be about 4 600 million years.估计地球的年龄大约为 46 亿年。◆they reckon (that) their profits were down by 30%.他们估计利润减少了 30%。◆the trip was reckoned to take over two days.这次旅行估计要花两天多。ⓘ an amount or time that is reckoned may be more approximate than one that has been estimated. * reckon 对时间的估算要比 estimate 更准确。■ calculate [transitive] to guess sth or form an opinion by using all the information available预测；推测◆it's impossible to calculate the extent of his influence on her.无法估计他对她的影响有多大。◆environmentalists calculate that hundreds of plant species may be affected.环保主义者预测数百种植物可能受到影响。 ➡ see also calculate → calculate ■ gauge (name also gage) /geɪdʒ/ [transitive] (rather formal) to estimate the level or amount of sth approximately估计，估算（水平或数量）◆we were able to gauge the strength of the wind from the movement of the trees.我们可以根据树的摆动估算风力强度。 ➡ see also gauge → criterion noun ■ figure [transitive] (especially name, rather informal) to estimate the amount, cost or age of sb/sth, especially approximately估计，估算（数量、成本或年龄）◆if we can figure roughly how much it will cost, we can decide what to do.如果我们能大致估算出费用是多少，就能决定怎么走下一步了。ⓘ in american english figure can also be used to talk about calculating sth exactly.在美式英语中，figure 还可表示准确计算。 ➡ see also figure → calculate■ extrapolate /ɪkstræpəleɪt/ [intransitive, transitive] (formal) to estimate sth or form an opinion about sth, using the facts that you have now and that are valid for one situation and supposing that they will be valid for the new one推断；推知；推算◆the figures were obtained by extrapolating from past trends.这些数据是根据过去的趋势推断出来的。◆these results cannot be extrapolated to other patient groups.这些结果不能够推及到其他患者群。▸ extrapolation noun [uncountable, countable] ◆their age can be determined by extrapolation from their growth rate.它们的年龄可以从它们的生长速度来推定。estimate [countable] a judgement that you make about the size, amount, cost, etc. of sth, without having the exact details or figures（对大小、数量、成本等的）估计，估算◆i can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need.我可以粗略估计一下你所需要的木材量。◆a ballpark estimate (= an approximate estimate) 大致的估算◆these are the official government estimates of traffic growth over the next decade.下面是政府对今后十年交通增长的官方估计。◆at least 5 000 people were killed, and that's a conservative estimate (= the real figure will be higher).至少 5 000 人丧生，而且是保守估计。estimate [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to form an idea of the likely cost, size, value, etc. of sth, but without calculating it exactly估计；估算◆police estimated the size of the crowd at 50 000.警方估计人群约有 5 万人。◆estimate the time it will take to complete each section.估算一下完成每一部份需要的时间。◆the satellite will cost an estimated $500m.估计这颗卫星将耗资 5 亿美元。◆it is estimated that the project will last about four years.据估计，这项工程将历时四年。 ➡ see also estimate → valuation noun estimate [countable] a statement of how much a piece of work will probably cost估计的成本；估价◆we got estimates for the repair work from three firms and accepted the lowest.我们收到三家公司对这项修复工程的估价，最后选取了其中报价最低者。 ➡ see also estimate → estimate verb estimate¹/ˈestɪmət ||; ˈɛstəmɪt/noun[c] 1. an estimate (of sth) a guess or judgement about the size, cost, etc of sth, before you have all the facts and figures 估计: ◇can you give me a rough estimate of how many people will be at the meeting? 有多少人出席会议？可以给我一个大概的数字吗？◇ at a conservative estimate (= the real figure will probably be higher), the job will take six months to complete. 据保守估计，这项任务要六个月才能完成。 2. an estimate (for sth/doing sth) a written statement from a person who is going to do a job for you, for example a builder or a painter, telling you how much it will cost （营造商等就某项工程发出的）估价单: ◇they gave me an estimate for repairing the roof. 他们给我一张修缮屋顶的估价单。 ☞look at quotation. 参看 quotation。 a ballpark figure/estimate→ballparkestimate²/ˈestɪmeɪt ||; ˈɛstəˌmet/verb [t] estimate sth (at sth);estimate that... to calculate the size, cost, etc of sth approximately, before you have all the facts and figures 估计: ◇the police estimated the crowd at 10000. 警方估计群众人数为10000。◇she estimated that the work would take three months. 她估计这项工作需时三个月。 estimatesee ⇨ cost 3 ⇨ count/calculate 2,9 ⇨ guess 1,5☞ estimate¹☞ estimate² |
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