| 单词 | force |
| 释义 | force noun¹ 1physical strength, power or violence力；体力；暴力adjective | verb + force | preposition | phrases adjective➤considerable, great, terrible, tremendous相当大的／很大的／可怕的／巨大的力量▸➤full, maximum全部／最大的力气➤brute, sheer蛮力；纯粹凭力气▸➤reasonable (especially bre) 适度的力量▸➤sufficient足够的力气▸➤excessive过度的力气▸➤unlawful (bre) 非法暴力▸➤deadly, lethal致命的力量▸➤explosive爆炸力➤physical体力▸➤gale, hurricane大风级；飓风级◆the wind was increasing to gale force.风逐渐增大到大风级。◆hurricane-force winds飓风级的风verb + force➤employ, resort to, use利用／诉诸／使用武力◆in the end, we had to resort to brute force to get the door open.最后，我们不得不使用蛮力把门撞开。➤take sth by用暴力获取⋯◆the troops marched in and took the city by force.军队入侵并强行占领了这座城市。➤feel感受到力量◆everyone felt the force of his argument.大家都感受到了他的论证的力量。preposition➤by force强行◆the king made laws and imposed them by force.国王制订了法律并强制实施。phrases➤catch the full force of sth, feel the full force of sth, take the full force of sth遭受／感到／承受⋯的猛力◆our house took the full force of the bomb blast.我们的房屋受到炸弹爆炸的猛烈冲击。◆i felt the full force of her criticism.我感受到了她的批评的厉害。➤force of personality, force of will人格力量；意志力◆she used her sheer force of personality to keep the family together.她全凭自己的人格力量才使家人团结在一起。➤meet force with force (especially name) 以武力对抗武力◆the country's attempts to meet force with force (= resist an attack using force) led to the outbreak of war.这个国家以武力对抗武力的做法引发了战争。➤the use of force使用武力◆the regulations allow the use of force if necessary.法规允许在必要时使用武力。force noun² 2effect that causes sth to move作用力adjective | verb + force | force + verb | force + noun | preposition | phrases adjective➤powerful, strong强大的作用力▸➤weak微弱的作用力▸➤attractive吸引力▸➤repulsive斥力▸➤external, internal外力；内力◆deep internal forces cause movements of the earth's crust.深处的内在作用力引起地壳运动。➤lateral侧力➤centrifugal, centripetal, electromagnetic, electromotive, gravitational, mechanical, nuclear, physical, tidal离心力；向心力；电磁力；电动势；（万有）引力；机械力；核力；体力；潮汐力verb + force➤apply, exert, generate, produce用力；施加力；产生作用力◆the sun exerts a force on the earth.太阳对地球产生引力。➤increase增强力的强度➤decrease, reduce减小／降低力的强度▸➤balance平衡力的强度◆the forces of expansion are balanced by forces of contraction.扩张力和收缩力相互平衡。force + verb➤act on sth力对⋯起作用◆lateral forces acting on the car's suspension对汽车的悬挂装置产生作用的侧力➤balance sth力平衡⋯force + noun➤field力场◆the force field of a magnet磁力场preposition➤force between⋯之间的作用力◆the attractive and repulsive forces between individual particles单一粒子之间的吸引力与斥力phrases➤a balance of forces力的平衡◆the balance of nuclear forces in atoms原子内核力的平衡➤the force of gravity地心引力force noun³ 3legal authority of sth法律约束力adjective | verb + force | preposition | phrases adjective➤binding, legal, statutory (bre) 约束力；法律效力；法定效力◆the contract was not signed and has no binding force.合同没有签署因而没有约束力。verb + force➤come into开始生效◆the new law comes into force as from midnight tomorrow.新法律从明天零点起开始生效。➤bring sth into (especially bre) 使⋯生效preposition➤in force有效◆some archaic laws are still in force.一些过时的法律仍然有效。phrases➤the force of law法律效力◆professional standards often do not have the force of law (= cannot be enforced).专业规范通常没有法律效力。force noun⁴ 4sb/sth with power/influence有权力或影响的人或事adjective | verb + force | preposition | phrases adjective➤considerable, formidable, great, irresistible, major, overwhelming, potent, powerful, significant, strong, unstoppable相当大的／令人畏惧的／重大的／不可抗拒的／主要的／压倒一切的／潜在的／强大的／重要的／强有力的／无法阻挡的影响力▸➤active, controlling, dominant, driving, main, moving有效的／控制性的／起支配作用的／起促进作用的／主要的／有推动作用的影响力▸➤motivating推动力▸➤persuasive说服力▸➤constructive, creative, dynamic, positive, progressive建设性的影响；创造力；活力；积极影响；进步力量▸➤destructive, disruptive, negative破坏力；颠覆力量；负面影响◆she was seen as a potentially disruptive force within the party.她被看成党内潜在的分裂势力。➤cohesive, unifying凝聚力；统一力▸➤competitive, conflicting, countervailing, opposing, reactionary竞争力；相抵触的力量；相制衡的力量；反对势力；反动势力▸➤internal内部势力▸➤external, international, outside外部势力；国际势力；外来力量◆the play portrays a marriage torn apart by external forces.这部剧描述了一桩被外部力量拆散的婚姻。➤invisible, unseen看不见的力量▸➤natural自然力◆powerful natural forces such as earthquakes and drought诸如地震和干旱之类的强大自然力量➤spiritual, supernatural精神力量；超自然的力量▸➤dark, demonic, evil, malevolent黑暗势力；邪恶势力◆'there are dark forces in the universe,' he raved, 'and we are powerless against them!'“宇宙中有一些暗力，”他胡言乱语道：“但我们无力反抗！”➤cultural, economic, intellectual, market, moral, political, productive, revolutionary, social文化力量；经济力量；知识力量；市场力量；道德力量；政治力量；生产力；革命力量；社会力量◆powerful social and economic forces强大的社会和经济力量verb + force➤remain保持力量◆though officially retired, she remains the creative force behind the design business.虽然已正式退休，她仍然是设计界的创造性力量。➤balance平衡力量◆this is a politician who does not like to balance market forces.这是一个不喜欢平衡市场力量的政治人物。➤fight与⋯势力作斗争◆to fight the forces of evil与邪恶势力作斗争preposition➤force behind⋯背后的力量◆local parents were the driving force behind the project.当地家长是这一项目的幕后推动力量。➤force for对⋯产生影响的力量◆competition is a force for change in industry.竞争是工业变革的推动力量。phrases➤a balance of forces力量的平衡◆shifts in the balance of political forces in europe欧洲政治力量平衡的变化➤a force to be reckoned with不可忽视的力量◆with its new players, the team is now very much a force to be reckoned with.加入了新队员后，这支队伍成了一股不可忽视的力量。➤the forces of nature大自然的力量force noun⁵ 5group of people trained for a particular purpose受专门训练的人员adjective | verb + force | force + verb | preposition | phrases adjective➤large大部队▸➤small, token小部队；有名无实的部队◆a token force of only 300 men一支只有 300 人的象征性部队➤100-strong, etc. * 100 人等的部队▸➤superior优良的部队▸➤crack, elite, special精锐部队；特种部队◆these elite forces are the best equipped and trained in the world.这些精锐部队是世界上装备最精良且训练最有素的部队。➤combined, joint联合部队◆the combined forces of mi5 and scotland yard由军情五处与伦敦警察厅联合组成的队伍◆a joint task force联合特遣部队➤allied, coalition, multinational同盟军；联合部队；多国部队▸➤strategic战略部队▸➤labour/labor, sales, work (usually workforce) 劳动力；销售队伍；劳动力大军◆the us labour / labor force美国的劳动力◆the company's sales force该公司的销售员工➤armed, armoured/armored, military, paramilitary武装部队；装甲部队；军事力量；准军事部队▸➤government, loyal政府军；忠于政府的军队➤enemy, guerrilla, hostile, occupation, occupying, opposition, rebel敌军；游击队；敌对力量；占领军；反对派部队；叛军◆he called on the local population to rise up against the occupying forces.他号召当地人民起来反抗占领军。➤friendly友军▸➤regular正规军▸➤reserve预备役军▸➤all-volunteer, volunteer志愿军▸➤conventional常规部队▸➤nuclear核部队▸➤assault, combat, defence/defense, expeditionary, fighting, invasion, peace, peacekeeping, police, security, strike突击队；战斗部队；防御部队；远征军；作战部队；侵略军；和平军队；维和部队；警察队伍；安全部队；突击部队 (see also task force) ➤air, airborne, amphibious, ground, land, naval空军；空降部队；两栖（作战）部队；陆军；海军verb + force➤assemble, create, form, mobilize, set up调集兵力；建立部队；组建队伍；动员兵力◆a large expeditionary force is now being assembled.现在正在集结一支人数众多的远征军。➤send派遣兵力◆the decision to send armed forces over the border往境外派遣武装部队的决定➤provide派遣军队▸➤deploy, employ, use部署／雇佣／使用部队◆a small peacekeeping force will be deployed in the area.在这一地区将部署一支小型维和部队。➤withdraw撤军▸➤command, head, head up, lead指挥部队；领导军队➤join参军◆she decided to join the armed forces.她决定参军。➤train训练军队▸➤support支持部队◆more troops have been called in to support the coalition forces there.已调入更多的军队以支持那里的联合部队。➤combine, join联合力量◆the two companies have joined forces to form a new consortium.这两家公司联合起来组成了新的财团。force + verb➤control sth部队控制⋯◆rebel forces now control most of the capital.叛军现在已控制首都的大部份地区。➤operate部队行动◆un forces operating in the region在该地区行动的联合国部队preposition➤in a/the force在队伍中◆people in the security forces安全部队人员phrases➤a member of a force, the withdrawal of a force队伍的一员；撤回兵力◆a deadline for the withdrawal of forces撤军的最后期限 force /fɔːs; name fɔːrs/ noun1. [countable] a person or thing that has a lot of power or influence 力量大的人（或事物）；影响大的人（或事物）◆the company has become a major force in the cellphone industry. 这家公司已成为手机行业的一支重要力量。◆he is seen as a powerful force for change. 人们视他为变革的强大推动力。 ➡ market forces ⨁ a dominant / driving / major / powerful force支配／驱动／重要／强大力量 ⨁ competitive / economic forces竞争／经济力量 2. [uncountable] the authority of sth 权力；效力◆these guidelines do not have the force of law. 这些指引并不具有法律效力。 (hr 人力资源) [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of people who have been organized for a particular purpose （为某个目的组织起来的）一群人 ➡ workforce ●come/enter into force(about a law, rule, etc.) to start being used （法律、法规等）开始生效，开始实施◆new accounting rules come into force next year. 新的会计准则明年生效。●in force(about a law, rule, etc.) being used or applied （法律、法规等）已生效，已应用◆the environmental standards in force in europe 已在欧洲应用的环境标准●join/combine forces (with sb)to work together in order to achieve a shared aim （同…）联合；（与…）合作◆they hoped to join forces with fiat to develop new vehicles. 他们希望与菲亚特公司合作开发新的车辆。 ➡ idiom at bring ◇ driving force ◇ labour force ◇ sales force ◇ task force force /fɔːs; name fɔːrs/ verb [transitive] 1. (often be forced) to make sb/sth do sth that they do not want to do 强迫，迫使（某人做某事）◆the president was forced into resigning. 总统被迫辞职。◆she was forced out of her job. 她被迫辞掉了工作。◆the economic downturn has forced us to cut jobs. 经济不景气迫使我们削减职位。◆to be forced into bankruptcy 被迫破产2. (often used with an adverb or a preposition 常与副词或介词连用) to make sth happen, especially sth bad or sth other people do not want 使发生（尤指糟糕的事或不希望的事）◆they have collected enough signatures to force a vote. 他们已经收集到足够的签名以便强行表决。◆fierce competition has forced down the cost of telephone services. 激烈的竞争已迫使电话服务成本降低。☞ force☞ forceforce nounforce ♦︎ strength ♦︎ power ♦︎ mightthese are all words for the quality of being physically strong, or the use of physical strength.这些词均表示力、力气、力量。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆physical force / strength / power◆brute force / strength◆to use force / your strength / your power / your might■ force [uncountable] physical strength used in violent action; violent physical action used to obtain or achieve sth武力；暴力◆we had to resort to force to get the door open.我们不得不强行把门打开。◆the police were accused of using excessive force.警方被指滥用暴力。◆the rioters were taken away by force.聚众闹事者被强行带走。◆ (disapproving) we achieve much more by persuasion than by brute force.我们通过说服会比使用暴力更有成效。 ➡ see also force → push verb 1 ■ strength [uncountable] muscle power; the health and fitness needed to do physical work or actions力气；体力；力量◆his superior physical strength won him the title.他夺冠靠的是超群的体力。◆it may take a few weeks for you to build up your strength again.你可能需要几个星期才能恢复体力。◆she didn't have the strength to walk any further.她再也走不动了。 ➡ see also strong → strong 1 , strong → well , strengthen → strengthen , energy → energy 2 ■ power [uncountable] physical strength used in action; physical strength that sb possesses and might use体力；力量◆he hit the ball with as much power as he could.他使出全力击球。◆the sheer physical power of the man那男子惊人的体力 ➡ see also powerful → strong 1 ■ might (formal or literary) great strength, energy or power强大力量；威力◆america's military might美国的军事力量◆he pushed against the rock with all his might.他用尽全力推那块石头。 force verbforce ♦︎ make ♦︎ oblige ♦︎ compel ♦︎ drive ♦︎ impelthese words all mean to put sb in a situation where they have to do sth, especially sth that they do not want to do.这些词均表示迫使、强迫。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to drive / impel sb to sth◆to force sb / be made / be obliged / compel sb / drive sb / impel sb to do sth◆to feel obliged / compelled / impelled to do sth■ force [transitive, often passive] to put sb in a situation in which they have to do sth that they do not want to do迫使；强迫◆ill health forced him into early retirement.他由于健康欠佳不得不提前退休。◆i was forced to take a taxi because the last bus had left.最后一班公共汽车已经开走，我只好打车。◆she forced herself to be polite to them.她对他们强装客气。◆public pressure managed to force a change in the government's position.公众的压力迫使政府改变了立场。◆he didn't force me－ i wanted to go.他没有逼我，是我自己想去的。 ➡ see also force → pressure noun 2 ■ make (made, made) [transitive] to put sb in a situation in which they have to do sth whether they want to or not迫使；强迫◆they made me repeat the whole story.他们非让我把整个事件再说一遍。◆his snoring was so bad, she made him sleep on the sofa downstairs.他鼾声如雷，她只好让他睡在楼下的沙发上。◆we were made to work very hard.我们被迫卖力工作。note 辨析 force or make? make is slightly more informal and is used especially in conversation. it is usually a person who makes sb else do sth, especially by ordering or telling them in a firm way.跟 force 相比，make 略微非正式，尤用于交谈中。make 表达此义时主语通常是人，尤指命令或坚决地吩咐他人去做某事◆mum makes us eat lots of vegetables.妈妈要求我们吃很多蔬菜。 force often suggests strong persuasion or threats from sb, or describes a situation in which there is no choice about what to do. * force 常暗指某人措辞强硬地劝说或威胁，或描述某种别无选择的情况◆the hijackers forced the passengers to lie on the ground.劫机者强迫乘客躺在地上。◆the plane was forced to make an emergency landing because of bad weather.飞机因恶劣天气被迫紧急着陆。in the passive both verbs are followed by the infinitive with to 这两个动词用于被动语态时后面均接带 to 的不定式◆to be forced / made to do sthbut note the difference between the two verbs in the active.但要注意用于主动语态时二者的区别◆to force sb to do sth◆to make sb do sth■ oblige /əblaɪdʒ/ [transitive, usually passive] (always followed by to + infinitive总是后接带 to 的不定式) (rather formal) to force sb to do sth, for example by law or because it is a duty（以法律或义务）迫使，强迫◆parents are obliged by law to send their children to school.法律规定父母必须送子女入学。◆suppliers aren't legally obliged to provide a warranty.法律上没有规定供应商必须提供商品保修。ⓘ oblige is used especially in official contexts to describe sth that sb is required to do by law or because it is their responsibility. * oblige 尤用于正式语境，指法律规定或以职责、义务要求某人做某事◆the landlord is obliged to give tenants 24 hours' notice of a visit.房东来访必须提前 24 小时通知房客。it can also be used to describe a moral or social obligation, but in this context it is formal. * oblige 亦指以道德或社会义务（obligation）要求某人做某事，但这一用法很正式◆we felt obliged to sit with them.我们觉得应该同他们坐在一起。 ➡ see also obligation → responsibility ■ compel /kəmpel/ (-ll-) [transitive] (formal) to use your authority to force sb to do sth; to make sth necessary（利用威权）强迫，迫使；使必须◆the law can compel fathers to make regular payments for their children.这项法律可强制父亲定期支付子女费用。◆last year ill health compelled his retirement.去年他因健康欠佳被迫退休了。 ➡ see also compulsion → pressure noun 2 ■ drive (drove, driven) [transitive] to force sb to act in a particular way, often an extreme way迫使，驱使（某人做出极端的事）◆the urge to survive drove them on.求生的欲望驱使他们继续下去。◆it's the story of a teenager driven to despair by the hypocrisy of the adult world.这个故事讲的是成人世界的虚伪如何将一名少年逼入绝境。■ impel /ɪmpel/ (-ll-) [transitive, often passive] (formal) to be forced to do sth by a feeling or idea, especially one that seems to be beyond your control（尤指无法控制的感情或想法）驱使，促使◆he felt impelled to investigate further.他觉得有必要作进一步调查。◆there are various reasons that impel me to that conclusion.有各种原因促使我得出那个结论。force [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of people who have been trained to protect or attack other people, usually by using weapons部队；武装部队◆a peace-keeping force was deployed to the area.一支维和部队部署在这个地区。◆the country now has its own army, air force and navy.该国现在有自己的陆军、空军和海军。◆a un-led task force of 28 000 troops was sent to the area.一支联合国领导的 28 000 人特遣部队被派到该地区。ⓘ forces [plural] are the weapons and soldiers that an army has, considered as things that may be used. * forces 指武装力量，包括士兵和武器◆the government is negotiating cuts to nuclear forces.政府正在协商缩减核部队。 the armed forces [plural](or just the forces in british english) are the army, navy and air force. * the armed forces 指海陆空三军，英式英语中也用 the forces。force [uncountable] the strong effect of sb's arguments or personality（论点或人格的）强大效力◆she spoke with force and deliberation.她讲话铿锵有力，字斟句酌。◆he felt the full force of her criticism.他感受到了她的批评所产生的强大威力。◆he controlled himself by sheer force of will.他全凭意志力控制住了自己。force [uncountable] physical strength used in violent action; violent physical action used to obtain or achieve sth武力；暴力◆we had to resort to force to get the door open.我们不得不强行把门打开。◆the police were accused of using excessive force.警方被指滥用暴力。◆the rioters were taken away by force.聚众闹事者被强行带走。◆ (disapproving) we achieve much more by persuasion than by brute force.我们通过说服会比使用暴力更有成效。 ➡ see also force → push verb 1 force [transitive, often passive] to put sb in a situation in which they have to do sth that they do not want to do迫使；强迫◆ill health forced him into early retirement.他由于健康欠佳不得不提前退休。◆i was forced to take a taxi because the last bus had left.最后一班公共汽车已经开走，我只好打车。◆she forced herself to be polite to them.她对他们强装客气。◆public pressure managed to force a change in the government's position.公众的压力迫使政府改变了立场。◆he didn't force me－ i wanted to go.他没有逼我，是我自己想去的。 ➡ see also force → pressure noun 2 force [uncountable] the physical strength of sth that is shown as it hits sth else力；力量◆the force of the blast hurled bodies into the air.爆炸的冲击力把尸体抛向空中。◆she hits the ball with amazing force for someone so small.对像她个子这么小的人来说，她击球的力量可谓惊人。force [countable] a person or thing that has a lot of power to affect what happens or the way people behave or think影响大的人（或事物）◆the expansion of higher education was a powerful force for change.高等教育的扩张对变革是一股强大的推动力。◆many social and economic forces contributed to this trend.多种社会和经济力量促成了这一趋势。◆they see the world as a battleground between the forces of good and evil.他们把世界看成善恶两种力量交锋的战场。◆ron is the driving force (= the person who has the most influence) behind the project.罗恩是这个项目的主心骨。force [uncountable] physical violence used to make sb do sth or to achieve sth武力；暴力◆we will achieve much more by persuasion than by brute force.我们通过说服会比使用暴力获得更多的成果。◆there were plans to seize power by force of arms (= by military action).曾经有武装夺权的计划。 ➡ see also force → force verb force [transitive] (often used with an adverb or preposition常与副词或介词连用) to use physical strength to move sb/sth into a particular position用力，强行（把⋯移动）◆she forced her way through the crowds.她从人群中挤了过去。◆he forced the lid of his suitcase shut.他用力把手提箱的盖子合上。◆someone had tried to force an entry (= enter a building using force).有人试图强行闯入。◆we had to force the lock (= break it open using force).我们不得不强行开锁。 ➡ see also force → force noun force¹/fɔ:s ||; fɔrs/noun1. [u] physical strength or power 力；力量: ◇the force of the explosion knocked them to the ground. 爆炸的威力把他们震倒在地。◇the police used force to break up the demonstration. 警察使用武力驱散了示威群众。 2. [u] power and influence 说服力；影响: ◇the force of public opinion 舆论的威力 3. [c] a person or thing that has power or influence 有影响力的人或物: ◇britain is no longer a major force in international affairs. 在国际事务中，英国已不再举足轻重了。◇julia has been the driving force behind the company's success. 朱莉娅一直是公司取得成功的推动力。 4. [c] a group of people who are trained for a particular purpose （接受训练执行特定职务的）部队，队伍: ◇a highly trained workforce 训练有素的劳动队伍◇the police force 警察部队 5. (usually plural 通常用复数) the soldiers and weapons that an army, etc has 军队等的士兵及武器: ◇the armed forces 武装力量 6. [c,u] (technical术语) a power that can cause change or movement 能够引起改变或移动的力: ◇the force of gravity 万有引力◇magnetic/centrifugal force 磁力；离心力 ☞picture at hydraulic 见hydraulic插图 7. [c] [usu.sing] a measure of wind strength 风力等级: ◇a force 9 gale 9级大风 bring sth/come into force to start using a new law, etc; to start being used 实施（新法规等）；开始生效: ◇the government want to bring new anti-pollution legislation into force next year. 政府有意在明年实施新的反污染法规。 force of habit if you do sth from or out of force of habit, you do it in a particular way because you have always done it that way in the past 习惯势力 in force 1. (used about people) in large numbers （指人）大批地: ◇the police were present in force at the football match. 这场足球赛有大批警察在场维持秩序。 2. (used about a law, rule, etc) being used （指法律、规则等）施行中，已生效: ◇the new speed limit is now in force. 新的车速限制已经生效。 join forces (with sb) to work together in order to achieve a shared goal 同…联合或合作（以便实现共同目标） force²/fɔ:s ||; fɔrs/verb[t] 1. force sb (to do sth);force sb (into sth/doing sth) to make sb do sth that he/she does not want to do 强迫: ◇she forced herself to speak to him. 她硬着头皮跟他说话。◇the president was forced into resigning. 总统被迫辞职了。 2. to use physical strength to do sth or to move sth 用力干某事或搬动某物: ◇the window had been forced (open). 窗子给撬开了。◇we had to force our way through the crowd. 我们不得不从人群里挤出去。 3. to make sth happen when it will not happen naturally 勉强作出: ◇to force a smile/laugh 强作笑颜；勉强哈哈一笑◇to force the issue, i gave him until midday to decide. 为了促成那件事，我限他在正午以前作出决定。 force sb's hand to make sb do sth that he/she does not want to do, or make him/her do it sooner than intended 迫使某人做某事或提前做某事 forcesee ⇨ force sb to do sth 1,2,3 ⇨ push 4 ⇨ strong 3 ⇨ violent 5 • • •• ⇨ be the driving force• ⇨ in force/strength• ⇨ tear/force yourself away• ⇨ use force☞ force¹☞ force² |
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