| 单词 | management |
| 释义 | management noun¹ 1managing sth管理；处理adjective | verb + management | management + noun | preposition | phrases adjective➤careful, competent20:pooler-->, effective, efficient, good, proper, prudent, sound认真的／胜任的／有效的／高效的／良好的／恰当的／审慎的／健全的管理➤bad, poor管理不善➤day-to-day, routine日常管理➤general, overall综合／整体管理➤centralized集中管理➤business, corporate工商／企业管理➤personnel, staff人事／员工管理➤production生产管理➤quality质量管理➤project项目管理➤farm, hotel农场／酒店管理➤hospital, school (both especially bre) (usually hospital administration, school administration in name) 医院／学校管理➤classroom课堂管理➤database, network, systems数据库／网络／系统管理➤ecosystem生态系统管理➤asset, economic, financial, investment, money, portfolio, resource资产管理；经济管理；财务管理；投资管理；理财；投资组合管理；资源管理➤brand品牌管理➤clinical, medical临床管理；药物治疗◆the medical management of obesity对肥胖症的药物治疗➤facilities设施管理➤data, information, knowledge数据／信息／知识管理➤crisis, emergency危机／应急管理➤risk风险管理➤household家政➤traffic交通管理➤waste废物处理➤pest, weed病虫害／杂草治理➤forest, land森林／土地管理➤storm-water (especially name) 雨洪管理➤wildlife野生生物管理➤anger, anxiety, stress怒气的控制；焦虑情绪的排解；（心理）压力的管理◆he's been sent on an anger management course to help him control his temper.他被送去上“愤怒管理”课，以帮助他控制自己的脾气。➤weight体重控制➤pain疼痛治疗➤change（鼓励组织及个人有效应对变化的）变革管理▸➤time时间管理verb + management➤need需要管理◆the project needs stronger management.这一项目需要更强有力的管理。➤perform, provide实施／提供管理◆the company provides facility management and base operations support for the army.这家公司为军方提供设备管理及基地运营支持。➤handle进行管理◆day-to-day management is handled by his sons.日常管理由他的几个儿子负责。➤be responsible for10/ame>20:pooler-->, oversee负责／监督管理◆she is responsible for the day-to-day management of the company.她负责公司的日常管理。➤enhance, improve提高／改善管理➤facilitate使便于管理➤simplify简化管理➤streamline精简管理➤outsource把管理外包management + noun➤agency, company, consultancy, firm, services管理机构；管理公司；管理咨询公司；管理服务➤consultant, expert, guru, specialist管理咨询顾问；管理专家；管理大师➤class, course, studies, training管理班；管理课程；管理学；管理培训➤plan, policy, programme/program, strategy, system管理计划／政策／项目／战略／系统➤process管理过程➤expertise, skills关于管理的专门知识；管理技能➤guidelines管理方针➤approach, method, philosophy, practice, style, technique管理思路／方法／理念／实践／风格／技巧➤tool管理工具➤solution管理解决方案➤fee管理费preposition➤in management从事管理◆she is now celebrating ten years in management.她已经干了 10 年的管理工作。➤under sb's management在某人的管理下◆the club prospered under ferguson's management.俱乐部在弗格森的管理下蓬勃发展起来。phrases➤a board of management管理委员会▸➤under new management在新的管理方式下◆the restaurant is under new management.餐馆改变了管理方式。management noun² 2managers管理人员adjective | verb + management | management + noun | preposition | phrases adjective➤junior, lower基层／下级管理人员▸➤middle中层管理人员➤senior, top, upper高层管理人员；最高层管理人员verb + management➤criticize批评管理层◆the unions have criticized management over their handling of the dispute.工会批评了管理层对纠纷的处理。management + noun➤board, committee, personnel, staff, team管理委员会；管理人员；管理队伍➤meeting管理人员的会议➤decision管理层的决定➤job, position, post, role管理工作；管理层的职位；管理人员的职责➤hierarchy, structure管理层级／结构➤shake-up管理层的大改组➤buyout管理层收购➤level管理级别◆this decision should be taken at a higher management level.这个决定应该由更高层管理人员来作出。preposition➤in... management处在⋯管理层◆young people in middle management年轻的中层管理人员phrases➤a layer, level, tier, etc. of management某一管理级别等management /mænɪdʒmənt/ noun1. [uncountable] the act of running and controlling a business or similar organization 管理；经营◆a career in management 管理生涯◆a management training course 管理培训课程◆the report blames bad management. 这份报告谴责了管理不善。◆he is responsible for the day-to-day management of the firm. 他负责这家企业的日常管理。◆hotel management 酒店管理⨁ effective / good / solid / strong management有效的／良好的／可靠的／强有力的管理 ⨁ bad / poor management经营不善 ⨁ day-to-day / general / overall / routine management日常／综合／全面／常规管理 ⨁ a management company / consultancy管理公司／咨询 ⨁ management methods / practices / skills / styles / techniques管理方法／实践／技能／风格／技巧 2. [countable + singular or plural verb, uncountable] the people who run and control a business or similar organization 管理人员；管理部门；管理层；资方◆the management is/are considering closing the factory. 管理层正考虑关闭工厂。◆the store is now under new management. 目前这家商店由新管理层管理。◆my role is to act as a mediator between employees and management. 我的角色是充当员工和资方的调解人。◆most managements are keen to avoid strikes. 大多数管理方都一心想避免罢工。◆we have hired a new management team. 我们聘用了一支新的管理团队。⨁ junior / senior / top management初级／高级／高层管理人员 ⨁ a management committee / decision / meeting / team管理委员会／决策／会议／团队 ⨁ a layer / level / tier of management管理层次／水平／等级 3. [uncountable, countable + singular or plural verb] the act of running a particular part of a company's activities; the people who do this （公司特定部门或业务的）经营管理，管理人员◆the critical skills in sales management are recruiting, selecting and hiring the best sales reps. 销售管理的关键技能是招聘、选择和聘用最佳的销售代表。◆a meeting between senior human resources management and employees' representatives 高级人力资源管理人员和员工代表之间的会谈⨁ data / inventory / sales / staff management数据／库存／销售／员工管理 4. [uncountable] the process or skill of dealing with or controlling things or people （应付事情或人的）手段，技巧◆poor management of people 人员管理不善◆the management of the crisis in the company 公司危机管理◆the waste management business 废弃物管理业务 administrative management ◇ asset management ◇ assets under management ◇ brand management ◇ cash management ◇ category management ◇ change management ◇ complaints management ◇ crisis management ◇ customer management ◇ customer relationship management ◇ digital rights management ◇ disaster management ◇ event management ◇ facilities management ◇ fleet management ◇ human resource management ◇ information management ◇ interim management ◇ international management ◇ investment management ◇ issues management ◇ key account management ◇ knowledge management ◇ line management ◇ marketing resource management ◇ middle management ◇ money management ◇ open-book management ◇ operations management ◇ participative management ◇ performance management ◇ product management ◇ project management ◇ property management ◇ real estate management ◇ risk management ◇ stock management ◇ strategic human resource management ◇ strategic management ◇ supervisory management ◇ supply chain event management ◇ supply chain management ◇ time management ◇ total quality management ◇ treasury management ◇ turnaround management ☞ management management nounmanagement ♦︎ leadership ♦︎ executive ♦︎ administration ♦︎ captaincy ♦︎ directorate ♦︎ directorship ♦︎ headshipthese are all words for a person or group of people who run a business, team, or other organization, or the period of time for which they run it.这些词均表示公司、团队或机构的管理者、领导层或其任期。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆under the management / leadership / captaincy / directorship / headship of sb◆the new / current / existing management / leadership / executive / administration◆the central management / leadership / executive / administration / directorate◆the local management / leadership / executive / administration◆the national leadership / executive / administration / directorate◆the college / hospital management / administration◆the party / union leadership / executive■ management [uncountable + singular or plural verb, countable] the people who run a business or other organization经营者；管理层；资方◆union leaders are seeking talks with management over the proposed layoffs.工会领导人正在就拟议中的裁员问题寻求同资方谈判。◆it is a one-day workshop for senior and middle management.这是为中高级管理人员举办的为期一天的研讨班。◆the store is now under new management.这家商店现由新的经营者管理。◆most managements are keen to avoid strikes.大多数经营者都很希望避免发生罢工。 ➡ see also management → government 2 , manage → run 2 ■ leadership [countable + singular or plural verb] the people who control or run an organization, political party or country（机构、政党或国家的）领导班子，领导层◆the party leadership is divided.该党领导层意见不合。◆there have been disagreements within the leadership of the union.工会领导层发生了意见分歧。ⓘ when it is used to talk about the people who run a country, leadership usually refers to governments that are not elected or are not considered to be democratic.指管理国家的领导班子时，leadership 通常指非经选举产生的或被视为不民主的政府◆the communist / east german / military leadership共产党／东德政府；军政府◆the british/australian/indian leadership ➡ see also regime → government 1 ■ executive /ɪgzekjətɪv/ [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of people who run a business or other organization（公司或机构的）行政领导，领导层◆she is a member of the party's national executive.她是该党国家级领导层的一员。◆she was on the executive of the women's social and political union.她曾是妇女社会政治同盟领导层的成员。ⓘ in american english executive is mostly used before another noun.在美式英语中，executive 多数用在另一名词前◆there are still too few women in top executive positions.任最高层主管的女性依然太少。◆the executive board / committee执行董事会／委员会 ➡ see also executive → executive ■ administration [countable] the people who run a service, business or organization（服务性企业、公司或机构的）管理部门，行政部门◆the prison administration is working hard to improve the service.监狱管理部门正努力改善服务。◆he has been in dispute with the new zealand cricket administration.他与新西兰板球管理部门发生了纠纷。 ➡ see also administer → run 2 , administrator → organizer note 辨析 management, executive or administration?the management of a company can include a much larger group of people than the executive. there are different levels of management including top, senior, middle and junior management, although management used alone often refers just to top or senior management. the executive of a company is just the top management, especially members of the executive board who all meet together as a group to discuss the management of the company. executive is also used to refer to the group of people who lead an organization such as a political party or trade union, especially when they are elected, not appointed. administration is used especially to refer to the people who run an institution that provides a service or organizes an activity.公司的 management 所包含的人数较 executive 多很多。有不同层次的管理人员 (levels of management)，可说 top/senior/middle/junior management （最高管理层；高层／中层／基层管理人员）。但 management 单独使用时常仅指最高层或高层管理者。executive 仅指公司的最高管理层，尤指 executive board （执行董事会）的成员，这些成员全体开会讨论公司的经营管理。executive 亦可指政党或工会之类的组织的领导层，尤指经选举产生而非任命的行政领导。administration 尤指提供公共服务或组织活动的机构的管理部门◆the school / college / university / prison / hospital administration学校／学院／大学／监狱／医院的行政部门■ captaincy /kæptənsi/ [countable, usually singular, uncountable] the position of captain of a team; the period during which sb is captain队长职位；队长任期◆the team won the league under the captaincy of martin jones.该队在队长马丁 • 琼斯的率领下在联赛中获胜。◆in 2006 he took over the captaincy from vaughan.2006 年，他接替沃恩担任队长。■ directorate /dərektərət, dɪrektərət-->, daɪrektərət-->/ [countable] (rather formal) the group of directors who run a company董事会；理事会◆he is the longest-standing member of the bank's permanent directorate.他是这家银行常设董事会中任职最长的成员。■ directorship [countable] the position of a company director; the period during which sb is a company director董事的职位；董事的任期◆he was forced to resign his directorship of the company.他被迫辞掉了公司董事的职位。◆since leaving politics, he has held directorships of various financial companies.自离开政界后，他已担任了多家金融公司的董事。■ headship [countable] (bre) the position of being in charge of an organization, university department, school, etc.; the period during which sb is in charge（机构、大学的系、学校等的）主管职位，主管任期◆he has just retired from the headship of the diplomatic service.他刚刚从外交部门的主管职位上退休。◆she applied for the headship of a small, rural primary school.她申请了一所规模很小的农村小学的校长职位。ⓘ headship refers to positions with 'head' in the title such as head teacher, head of department or head of the civil service. * headship 指头衔里含有 head 的职位，如 head teacher （校长）、head of department （系主任）或 head of the civil service （公务员首长）。 ➡ see also head → leader 1 , head → professor management [uncountable] the activity of running and controlling a business or other organization; the way in which it is run经营；管理；管理方式◆she studied hotel management in munich.她在慕尼黑学过酒店管理。◆the report blames bad management.那份报告将问题归咎于管理不善。◆the company's top-down management style made decision-making slow.该公司最高层决策一切的管理风格致使决策缓慢。 ➡ see also management → management , manage → run 2 , manager → manager management [uncountable + singular or plural verb, countable] the people who run a business or other organization经营者；管理层；资方◆union leaders are seeking talks with management over the proposed layoffs.工会领导人正在就拟议中的裁员问题寻求同资方谈判。◆it is a one-day workshop for senior and middle management.这是为中高级管理人员举办的为期一天的研讨班。◆the store is now under new management.这家商店现由新的经营者管理。◆most managements are keen to avoid strikes.大多数经营者都很希望避免发生罢工。 ➡ see also management → government 2 , manage → run 2 management/ˈmænɪdʒmənt ||; ˈmænɪdʒmənt/noun1. [u] the control or organization of sth 管理；经营: ◇good classroom management is vital with large groups of children. 在孩子很多的情况下，管好课堂是很重要的。 2. [c,u] the people who control a business or company 管理人员；管理部门；资方: ◇the hotel is now under new management. 这家旅馆现在由新的管理人员管理。in the singular, management can be used with a singular or plural verb the management is/are considering making some workers redundant. management的单数形式可与单数或复数动词连用：the management is／are considering making some workers redundant.管理部门正考虑裁员。managementsee ⇨ manager 4,5 man·age·ment /`mænɪdʒmənt; ˈmænɪdʒ-mənt/n 1. [u] the job of controlling and organizing the work of a company or organization and the people who work for it 管理; 经营:◇a management training course 管理培训课程◇problems caused by bad management 管理不善引起的问题 2. [singular 单数，u] the people who are in charge of controlling and organizing a company or organization 管理层; 管理人员:◇the management has agreed to talk to the union. 管理层已经同意与工会对话。 ☞ management |
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