| 单词 | maintain |
| 释义 | maintain verb¹ 1keep sth at the same level使保持在同一水平verb + maintain | adverb | phrases verb + maintain➤be anxious to, want to渴望保持；想维持◆we are anxious to maintain our close links with the police.我们渴望与警方保持密切联系。➤have to, need to不得不保持；需要维持▸➤strive to, try to努力保持；试图维持▸➤help (to)有助于保持▸➤be able to能够保持▸➤be difficult to难以维持◆the government's position became increasingly difficult to maintain.政府的立场越来越难以维持。adverb➤indefinitely无限期地维持◆this pace cannot be maintained indefinitely.这样的速度不可能无限期地保持下去。➤simultaneously同时保持◆they are looking to cut costs while simultaneously maintaining the existing levels of service.他们考虑要在保持现有服务水平的同时降低成本。➤successfully成功保持◆he successfully maintained the financial health of the company.他成功地维持了公司财务的健康运行。➤easily轻松保持◆the company has easily maintained its position as the leading brand in the money-transfer business.公司轻松保持了在转账业务领域的领军地位。➤generally, largely, normally, typically, usually通常保持；基本维持；一般维持◆commercial aircraft generally maintain cabin altitudes between 6 000 and 8 000 feet.商务飞机座舱高度通常保持在 6,000 到 8,000 英尺之间。➤actively积极保持phrases➤the duty to maintain sth, the need to maintain sth维持⋯的职责／⋯的必要性◆he emphasized the need to maintain the status quo.他强调了保持现状的必要性。maintain verb² 2keep sth in good condition使保持良好状态adverb | verb + maintain | phrases adverb➤carefully, properly, well细心保养；保养得当；养护得好➤poorly养护得差◆a poorly maintained central heating system养护不力的中央供暖系统verb + maintain➤be difficult to难以保养▸➤be easy to容易保养phrases➤be responsible for maintaining sth负责保养⋯maintain /meɪnteɪn/ verb [transitive] 1.to make sth continue at the same level, standard, etc. 维持；保持◆we will maintain prices at their current level for another six months. 我们将把目前的价格水平再维持六个月。2.to keep a building, a machine, etc. in good condition by checking or repairing it regularly 维修；保养◆the equipment has been poorly maintained. 设备没有得到妥善保养。3.to keep records and add new information when necessary 记载◆the company maintains a record of all enquiries made. 这家公司对所有的查询都有记录。 ➡ update ☞ maintainmaintain verb 1➤maintain law and order维持治安➤a beautifully maintained house养护得很好的房子maintain ♦︎ preserve ♦︎ sustain ♦︎ extend ♦︎ prolong ♦︎ keep sth up ♦︎ keep sth going ♦︎ perpetuate ♦︎ prop sth upthese words all mean to make sth continue at the same level or standard.这些词均表示维持、保持。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to maintain / preserve / sustain / keep up standards / a relationship◆to maintain / sustain / keep up levels / rates / morale / interest / growth / the momentum◆to keep the momentum going◆to maintain / preserve / sustain / perpetuate a system / myth◆to maintain / preserve / sustain a / an balance / illusion◆to maintain / preserve / keep up a tradition◆to keep a tradition going◆to maintain / sustain / keep up a pretence◆to maintain / preserve anonymity / confidentiality / order / the status quo / your heritage◆to maintain / preserve / sustain / extend / prolong (sb's) life◆to extend / prolong a visit / stay◆to still maintain sth / preserve sth / sustain sth / keep sth up / keep sth going / perpetuate sth / prop sth up◆to maintain / preserve / sustain / prolong sth / keep sth going indefinitely◆to maintain / extend / prolong sth deliberately■ maintain /meɪnteɪn/ [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth continue at the same level or standard维持；保持◆our principal task is to maintain law and order.我们的主要任务是维持治安。◆the two countries have always maintained close relations.这两个国家一直保持着密切关系。◆ (formal) she maintained a dignified silence.她保持沉默，以示尊严。■ preserve [transitive] (rather formal) to keep a particular quality or feature; to make sure that a quality or feature is kept保护；维护；保留◆he was anxious to preserve his reputation.他急于维护自己的名声。◆efforts to preserve the peace have failed.维护和平的努力失败了。◆she managed to preserve her sense of humour under very trying circumstances.她在艰难的环境下依然不失幽默感。■ sustain /səsteɪn/ [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth continue for some time at the same level使保持；使稳定持续◆we are experiencing a period of sustained economic growth.我们正经历一段经济持续增长的时期。◆she had been the victim of a sustained attack.她是一起持续攻击事件的受害者。◆she managed to sustain everyone's interest until the end of her speech.她使每个人兴趣盎然，一直听她把话讲完。▸ sustainable adjective◆sustainable economic growth经济的可持续增长opp unsustainable note 辨析 maintain or sustain?in some cases you can use either word.在有些情况下这两个词可以通用◆to maintain / sustain a balance / a pretence / people's interest / life保持平衡；维持假象；使人们保持兴趣；维持生命 maintain is used especially to talk about keeping sth at its usual level for an unlimited period of time. * maintain 尤指使事物在不受限定的时间内保持惯常的水平◆they believe that the role of the state is to maintain the status quo, rather than to promote major economic and social change.他们认为国家的职能是保持现状，而不是促进经济和社会的重大变革。 sustain is used more to talk about keeping sth at a higher than usual level for a long but not unlimited period. * sustain 较多指使事物在很长但并非无限的时间内保持高于往常的水平◆how long can this level of growth be sustained?这种水平的增长能持续多久？■ extend [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth last longer延长⋯的期限（或寿命）◆they've agreed to extend the deadline.他们同意延长截止期限。◆the show has been extended for another six weeks.展览会又延长了六周。◆careful maintenance can extend the life of your car by several years.精心保养可使汽车寿命延长几年。 ➡ see also extended → long adj. ▸ extension noun [countable] ◆he's been granted an extension of the contract for another year.他的合同获得延期一年。■ prolong /prəlɒŋ; name prəlɔːŋ, prəlɑːŋ/ [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth last longer延长⋯的期限（或寿命）◆the operation could prolong his life by two or three years.这次手术可使他多活两三年。◆don't prolong the agony (= of not knowing sth) －just tell us who won!别卖关子了 － 快说谁赢了！ ➡ see also prolonged → long adj. note 辨析 extend or prolong? extend is used especially in business contexts. * extend 尤用于商务语境◆to extend a deadline / an overdraft / a trip / a visa / a right / a mandate延长截止期限；提供透支；延长旅行／签证／权利／任期 prolong is more often used to talk about making experiences last longer. * prolong 较多指延长经历◆to prolong your stay / visit / life / survival / agony / misery延长你的逗留时间／访问／生命／生存时间／痛苦／不幸■ keep sth up -->phrasal verb(kept, kept)to make sth stay at a high level; to continue to use or practise sth使⋯保持在高水平；沿用；沿袭；保持◆the high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up.昂贵的原料费用使价格居高不下。◆they sang songs to keep their spirits up.他们唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。◆we try to keep up the old customs.我们尽量保持这些老习俗。◆do you still keep up your spanish?你还坚持说西班牙语吗？■ keep sth going -->phrase(kept, kept) (rather informal, especially spoken) to make an effort to make a process, activity or tradition continue to happen or exist使（进程、活动或传统）维持下去◆we have a chance of winning the championship as long as we can keep the momentum going (= keep playing at the same high level).我们只要能保持这个势头就有机会夺冠。■ perpetuate /pəpetʃueɪt; name pərpetʃueɪt/ [transitive] (formal) to make sth such as a bad situation or a belief continue for a long time使（恶劣局面或信念等）持久化（或持续）◆this new law just serves to perpetuate inequality.这项新法律只会持续造成不平等。◆this system perpetuated itself for several centuries.这一制度维持了几个世纪。◆comics and books for children tend to perpetuate the myth that 'boys don't cry'.儿童连环画和图书往往在延续着“男儿有泪不轻弹”的固有观念。ⓘ typical collocates of perpetuate are inequality, myth, stereotype and system. * perpetuate 的常见搭配词有 inequality、myth、stereotype 和 system。■ prop sth up -->phrasal verb(-pp-) (often disapproving, especially business尤用于商业) to help sth that is having difficulties, when it might be better to let it fail and use your resources for sth else帮助，扶持，救济（本该任其败落的事物）◆the government was accused of propping up declining industries.人们指责政府贴补日趋衰落的产业。ⓘ prop sth up is used most often in financial contexts. * prop sth up 最常用于金融语境◆to prop up the economy / exchange value of sterling / pound / dollar / stockmarket扶持经济；维持英镑／美元的汇兑价值；救助股市maintain verb 2➤maintain law and order维持治安➤a beautifully maintained house养护得很好的房子maintain ♦︎ preserve ♦︎ service ♦︎ keep sth upthese words all mean to keep sth in good condition.这些词均表示保养、维护。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to maintain / preserve a house◆to maintain / service a / an car / appliance◆to have / keep sth maintained / preserved / serviced◆sth is well / fully maintained / preserved / serviced◆sth is regularly maintained / serviced◆sth is maintained / preserved intact■ maintain /meɪnteɪn/ [transitive] to keep sth such as a building or machine in good condition by checking or repairing it regularly维修；保养◆the house is large and difficult to maintain.房子很大，难以养护。◆the grounds are beautifully maintained.庭院养护得很好。 ➡ see also maintenance → repair noun ■ preserve [transitive, often passive] to keep sth in its original state in good condition维持⋯的原状；保存；保养◆three miles away is a perfectly preserved stretch of roman road.3 英里以外是一段保存完好的古罗马公路。◆ (humorous) is he really 60? he's remarkably well preserved.他真有 60 岁吗？他真会保养啊。▸ preservation noun [uncountable] ◆building / environmental preservation建筑物的保养；环境保护■ service [transitive, usually passive] to examine a vehicle or machine and repair it if necessary so that it continues to work correctly检修；维护；保养◆we need to have the car serviced.我们得把车送去检修一下了。◆gas appliances should be regularly serviced.燃气器具应该定期检修。 ➡ see also service , servicing → repair noun ■ keep sth up -->phrasal verbto take care of a place, house or garden so that it stays in good condition保养，维护（场地、房屋或花园）◆we can't stay in this house－we simply don't have the money to keep it up.我们不能住在这栋房子里，我们根本负担不起维护费。 ➡ see also upkeep → repair noun maintain /meɪnteɪn/ [transitive] (rather formal) to continue to say that sth is true, even though other people do not agree or do not believe it坚持（意见）；对⋯固执己见◆the men maintained (that) they were out of the country when the crime was committed.这几个男人坚持说案发时他们在国外。◆she has always maintained her innocence.她一直坚持说自己是无辜的。maintain /meɪnteɪn/ [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth continue at the same level or standard维持；保持◆our principal task is to maintain law and order.我们的主要任务是维持治安。◆the two countries have always maintained close relations.这两个国家一直保持着密切关系。◆ (formal) she maintained a dignified silence.她保持沉默，以示尊严。maintain /meɪnteɪn/ [transitive] to keep sth such as a building or machine in good condition by checking or repairing it regularly维修；保养◆the house is large and difficult to maintain.房子很大，难以养护。◆the grounds are beautifully maintained.庭院养护得很好。 ➡ see also maintenance → repair noun maintain/meɪnˈteɪn ||; menˈten/verb[t] 1. to make sth continue at the same level, standard, etc 维持；保持: ◇we need to maintain the quality of our goods but not increase the price. 我们要保持货品的质量但又不加价。◇to maintain law and order 维持法律和秩序 2. to keep sth in good condition by checking and repairing it regularly 保养；维修: ◇to maintain a road/building/machine 保养道路╱建筑╱机器◇the house is large and expensive to maintain. 这房子很大，维修要花很多钱。 3. to keep saying that sth is true even when others disagree or do not believe it 坚称；断言: ◇i still maintain that i was right to sack him. 我依然认为，我开除他没错儿。◇she has always maintained her innocence. 她一直坚称自己清白。 4. to support sb with your own money 供养；赡养；扶养: ◇he has to maintain two children from his previous marriage. 他要扶养上一段婚姻的两名子女。 maintainsee ⇨ continue 4 ⇨ look after 7 ⇨ say 3 main·tain /men`ten; meɪnˈteɪn/v [t] 1. to make something continue in the same way or at the same standard as before 维持; 保持:◇we need to maintain good relations with our customers. 我们要与客户保持良好关系。 2. to keep something in good condition by taking care of it 维修; 保养:◇it costs a lot of money to maintain a big house. 保养一座大房子很花钱。 3. maintain that to say that you are sure that something is true 坚称…:◇she has always maintained that her son is not dead. 她一直坚称她的儿子没有死。 ☞ maintain |
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