| 单词 | punishment |
| 释义 | punishment nounadjective | verb + punishment | preposition | phrases adjective➤cruel, harsh, heavy, severe残酷的惩罚；严厉的惩罚▸➤unusual异乎寻常的惩罚◆the constitutional prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment宪法对残酷与异常惩罚手段的禁止➤appropriate, fitting适当的处罚▸➤capital死刑▸➤corporal, physical体罚▸➤collective集体惩罚verb + punishment➤administer, dish out (informal) , dole out (informal) , hand out, impose, inflict, mete out施加惩罚；给予惩罚◆it is unlawful for a teacher to inflict corporal punishment on students.教师对学生进行体罚是违法的。◆harsh punishment is expected to be meted out to the murderer.人们期望对凶手予以严惩。➤face, receive, suffer面对／受到／遭受惩罚▸➤accept, take接受惩罚◆take your punishment like a man.像男子汉那样接受对你的惩罚。➤avoid, escape逃避惩罚▸➤deserve应受惩罚preposition➤as punishment (for)作为（对⋯的）惩罚◆he had his privileges withdrawn as punishment for fighting with another prisoner.作为对与另一名犯人打架的惩罚，他被取消了特别待遇。➤punishment for因⋯的处罚◆punishments for killing the king's deer were severe.杀害国王的鹿将受到严厉惩罚。phrases➤crime and punishment犯罪与刑法◆the sociology of crime and punishment犯罪与刑法社会学➤the punishment fits the crime与罪行相称的惩罚◆the victim's family do not believe that this punishment fits the crime.受害者的家人认为这一惩罚与他所犯的罪行不相称。➤reward and punishment奖励与处罚◆they use a system of reward and punishment to discipline their children.他们用一套奖惩制度来管教孩子。 punishment nounpunishment ♦︎ sentence ♦︎ penalty ♦︎ retribution ♦︎ reckoningthese are all words for a way of making sb suffer because they have done sth wrong or illegal.这些词均表示惩罚、刑罚。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆punishment / a sentence / a penalty / retribution for sth◆a / an heavy / harsh / severe / appropriate punishment / sentence / penalty◆a light punishment / sentence◆to impose a punishment / sentence / penalty◆to suffer a punishment / penalty■ punishment [uncountable, countable] an act or way of making sb suffer because they have done sth wrong or illegal惩罚；处罚；刑罚◆the punishment should fit the crime.罚须当罪。◆he was sent to his room as a punishment.他被罚回到自己的房间。◆there is little evidence that harsher punishments deter people.甚少证据显示严惩能遏止犯罪。opp reward → award ■ sentence [countable, uncountable] the punishment given by a court判决；裁定；判刑◆a jail / prison sentence判处监禁◆she was given a life sentence (= sent to prison for life).她被判处无期徒刑。◆a death sentence死刑◆to be under sentence of death被判处死刑◆the judge passed sentence (= said what the punishment would be).法官宣布了判决。◆the prisoner has served (= completed) his sentence and will be released tomorrow.犯人服刑期满，明天将获释。■ penalty /penəlti/ [countable] (rather formal) an official punishment given to sb because they have broken a law, rule or contract惩罚；处罚；刑罚◆assault carries a maximum penalty of seven years' imprisonment.侵犯人身罪可判处最高七年的监禁。◆contractors who fall behind schedule incur heavy financial penalties.承包商如延误工期将招致巨额罚款。◆you can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty.您可以随时从账户中提款，不收罚金。opp reward → award ■ retribution /retrɪbjuːʃn/ [uncountable] (formal) severe punishment for sth seriously wrong that sb has done严惩；惩罚；报应◆he saw his suffering as retribution for the sins of his past life.他把自己受的苦看作是报应，是因过去罪孽深重而受到惩罚。◆the public demanded swift justice and retribution.公众要求立即审判并处以严惩。ⓘ retribution includes the idea that punishment should mean that sb suffers in return for the suffering they have caused. people talk about retribution as part of a formal or legal system, or as carried out by groups or individuals, or (in the phrase divine retribution) by god. * retribution 含有“报应”之义。retribution 可以是正式或法律体系的一部份，也可以是由团体或个人实施的惩罚，还可以是 divine retribution （天谴）。 ➡ see also the entry for revenge另见 revenge 条■ reckoning [countable, usually singular, uncountable] (written) a time when sb's actions will be judged to be right or wrong and they may be punished最后审判日；算总账◆in the final reckoning truth is rewarded.在最后算总账的时候，诚实的人会有好报。◆officials concerned with environmental policy predict that a day of reckoning will come.关心环境政策的官员们预言总有一天人们会得到报应。punishment [uncountable, countable] an act or way of making sb suffer because they have done sth wrong or illegal惩罚；处罚；刑罚◆the punishment should fit the crime.罚须当罪。◆he was sent to his room as a punishment.他被罚回到自己的房间。◆there is little evidence that harsher punishments deter people.甚少证据显示严惩能遏止犯罪。opp reward → award punishment/ˈpʌnɪʃmənt ||; ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/noun [c,u] the action or way of punishing sb 处罚；刑罚；（受）惩罚: ◇he was excluded from school for a week as a punishment. 他被停学一星期作为惩罚。◇ capital punishment(= punishment by death) 死刑 punishmentsee ⇨ punish 4 • • •• ⇨ be a glutton for punishment• ⇨ capital punishment• ⇨ corporal punishment pun·ish·ment /`pʌnɪʃmənt; ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/n [c,u]when someone is punished 处罚，惩罚:◇tougher punishments for sex offenders 对性犯罪者更加严厉的惩罚◇they had to stay late after school as a punishment. 他们被罚于课后留堂。→ see also 另见 capital punishment ☞ punishment |
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