| 单词 | public |
| 释义 | public noun¹ 1the public people in general大众adjective | verb + the public | preposition | phrases adjective➤general公众verb + the public➤educate, inform教育／告知公众◆the government was slow to inform the public about the health hazards of asbestos.政府迟迟没有告知公众石棉对健康的危害。➤protect保护民众▸➤serve为民众服务▸➤mislead误导公众◆he accused the administration of deliberately misleading the public on this issue.他指责政府在这个问题上故意误导公众。➤be open to对公众开放◆the house is open to the public.这所房子对公众开放。preposition➤in public公开地◆he rarely appears in public these days.这些日子他很少公开露面。phrases➤a member of the public公众的一员public noun² 2group of people with sth in common有共同点的一群人adjective➤book-buying, movie-going, paying, reading, sporting, theatre-going/theater-going, travelling/traveling, viewing, voting, etc.购书群体、电影观众、消费群体、读者群、爱好体育运动的大众、戏剧观众、旅行大众、电视观众、投票群体等◆satellite television has provided the viewing public with a wide choice.卫星电视为观众提供了许多可供选择的节目。➤broader, larger, wider更大的一群人；更广泛的群体◆her work is now available to a wider public.如今有更多人可以接触到她的作品了。public /pʌblɪk/ adjective1. [only before noun] connected with ordinary people in society in general 平民的；公众的；大众的；百姓的◆levels of waste from the factory may be a danger to public health. 工厂废弃物可能危及公众的健康。◆smoking in public places is already banned in some cities. 有些城市已禁止在公共场所吸烟。2. [only before noun] provided, especially by the government, for the use of people in general 公共的；公立的◆a public education system 公共教育制度◆public transport 公共交通◆a public car park/telephone 公共停车场；公用电话 opp private ➡ state 3. [only before noun] connected with the government and the services it provides 政府的；有关政府所提供服务的◆the rail industry is no longer in public ownership. 铁路行业已不再归国有了。◆the government will put more public funds into the banking system. 政府将向银行系统注入更多的政府资金。 syn state opp private (commerce 商业; finance 金融) sold or offered to people in general to buy 公开买卖的◆investments and public offerings 投资和公开发行股票 opp private 5.known to people in general 公开的；人人皆知的◆details of the report have not yet been made public. 报告的细节尚未公开。◆this latest scandal has not done the company's public image any good. 这一最新的丑闻对公司的公众形象没有任何好处。6.intended to be seen or heard by people in general 公开的◆a public apology/enquiry 公开的道歉／询问◆a public meeting will be held tomorrow evening. 公开会议将于明晚举行。 opp private 7.where there are a lot of people who can see and hear you 公开场合的；大庭广众之下的◆can we talk somewhere a little less public? 我们找个私密些的地方谈话好吗？ opp private ▸ publicly /pʌblɪkli/ adverb◆a publicly owned company 公开招股公司◆this information is not publicly available. 这个消息未对外公开。 ●go public (stock exchange 证券交易(所)) (about a company) to start selling shares on the stock exchange （公司）上市，公开出售股份 ➡ idiom at company public /pʌblɪk/ noun [singular + singular or plural verb] the public ordinary people in society in general 平民；百姓；民众◆the survey sample comprised 300 members of the public. 调查样本由 300 名平民组成。◆the public has/have a right to know what is in the report. 民众有权了解报告的内容。2.a group of people who share a particular interest or who are involved in the same activity 志趣相投（或从事同一类活动）的群体◆the music listening public 音乐爱好者群体 general public ☞ public☞ public public adjectivepublic ♦︎ state ♦︎ national ♦︎ federalthese words all describe things connected with the government of a country, especially government spending and services.这些词均表示政府出资或提供服务的。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆public / state / national / federal authorities / funding / expenditure / investment◆public / state / federal power / control / regulation / institutions / officials / employees / funds / money / finance / spending◆public / state education / hospitals / enterprise / ownership◆the public / state sector◆the national / federal government■ public [only before noun] connected with the government and the services it provides政府的；政府提供服务的◆their tax plans would hit public services.他们的税收计划将对公共服务造成影响。◆there has been massive investment in public housing.已经在公屋项目上投入巨资。◆he spent much of his career in public office (= working for the government).他职业生涯的大部份时间在政府部门工作。ⓘ in the us, australia, scotland and some other countries a public school is a free local school paid for by the government; in england this is called a state school. in britain, especially england, a public school is a private school for young people between the ages of 13 and 18, who often live at the school while they are studying, and whose parents pay for their education. a public company or public limited company (in british english) or public corporation (in american english) is also not owned by the government, but a company that sells shares in itself to the public. however, in british english a public corporation is an organization that is owned by the government and that provides a national service.在美国、澳大利亚、苏格兰和其他一些国家，public school 是由政府拨款的地方免费学校，这类学校在英格兰称为 state school。在英国，尤其是英格兰，public school 是招收 13 至 18 岁学生的私立学校，常为寄宿学校，学费由父母承担。英式英语中的 public company 或 public limited company，和美式英语中的 public corporation 都是非国有企业，而是向公众出售公司股份的上市公司。但是在英式英语中，public corporation 是国有企业，提供公共服务。 opp private ⓘ a private service or institution is owned or managed by an individual person or an independent company rather than by the government. * private 指服务或机构是私有或私营的◆private companies / schools私营公司；私立学校◆a programme to return many of the state companies to private ownership国有企业私有化的计划▸ publicly adverb◆a publicly owned company股票上市公司■ state [only before noun] provided or controlled by the government国家提供（或控制）的◆the law applies only to schools within the state system.这条法规只适用于公办学校。◆there needs to be an increase in the basic state pension.由政府拨款的基本养老金需要增加。◆many local families are dependent on state benefits (= in britain, government money given to people who are poor).当地许多家庭靠政府的救济金生活。opp private ➡ see also state → country 1 ■ national [usually before noun] owned, controlled or financially supported by the government国有的；国立的；国营的◆the collection is housed at the national museum.这批收藏品保存在国家博物馆里。◆the romanian national airline has ordered seven of the new aircraft.罗马尼亚国家航空公司已经订购了七架这种新飞机。■ federal /fedərəl/ connected with national government rather than the local government of an individual state联邦政府的◆on 15th february a federal judge ruled in their favour.2 月 15 日联邦法官判他们胜诉。◆we will continue federal funding for the arts.我们将继续对艺术给予联邦政府拨款。ⓘ federal is used about countries, especially the us, which have a system of government in which the individual states of a country have control over their own affairs, but are controlled by a central government for national decisions. * federal 表示“联邦制的”，指某些国家，尤其是美国采用的国家结构形式。在这些国家，各州掌管自己的事务，但全国性的决议则由中央政府即联邦政府掌控。▸ federally adverb◆federally funded health care由联邦政府拨款的医疗保健服务public [only before noun] provided, especially by the government, for the use of people in general公共的；公立的◆ (bre) there is a desperate need to improve public transport in the city.这座城市亟须改进公共交通。◆ (name) public transportation公共交通◆the information is available in any public library.该信息可以在任何公共图书馆查到。◆he was charged with destroying public property.他被指控破坏公共财产。publicknown to people in general人人皆知的；公开的◆she entered public life (= started a job in which she became known to the public) at the age of 23.她 23 岁时开始踏足公开社交场合，成为公众人物。◆details of the government report have not yet been made public.政府报告的细节尚未公布。 opp private → secret 1 ➡ see also public figure → star 1 public [singular + singular or plural verb] a group of people who share a particular interest or who are involved in the same activity志趣相同（或从事同一类活动）的群体◆the show drew 12% of the viewing public.这个节目吸引了 12% 的收视群体。◆she knows how to keep her public (= for example, the people who buy her books) satisfied.她知道如何迎合受众的兴趣。ⓘ in this meaning public often follows an adjective describing a particular activity.表达此义时，public 前面常有一个描述特定活动的形容词◆the book-buying / reading / sporting / theatre-going / travelling / viewing public爱买书／爱阅读／爱运动／爱看戏／爱旅游的群体；收视群体public [only before noun] connected with the government and the services it provides政府的；政府提供服务的◆their tax plans would hit public services.他们的税收计划将对公共服务造成影响。◆there has been massive investment in public housing.已经在公屋项目上投入巨资。◆he spent much of his career in public office (= working for the government).他职业生涯的大部份时间在政府部门工作。ⓘ in the us, australia, scotland and some other countries a public school is a free local school paid for by the government; in england this is called a state school. in britain, especially england, a public school is a private school for young people between the ages of 13 and 18, who often live at the school while they are studying, and whose parents pay for their education. a public company or public limited company (in british english) or public corporation (in american english) is also not owned by the government, but a company that sells shares in itself to the public. however, in british english a public corporation is an organization that is owned by the government and that provides a national service.在美国、澳大利亚、苏格兰和其他一些国家，public school 是由政府拨款的地方免费学校，这类学校在英格兰称为 state school。在英国，尤其是英格兰，public school 是招收 13 至 18 岁学生的私立学校，常为寄宿学校，学费由父母承担。英式英语中的 public company 或 public limited company，和美式英语中的 public corporation 都是非国有企业，而是向公众出售公司股份的上市公司。但是在英式英语中，public corporation 是国有企业，提供公共服务。 opp private ⓘ a private service or institution is owned or managed by an individual person or an independent company rather than by the government. * private 指服务或机构是私有或私营的◆private companies / schools私营公司；私立学校◆a programme to return many of the state companies to private ownership国有企业私有化的计划▸ publicly adverb◆a publicly owned company股票上市公司public [only before noun] connected with ordinary people in society in general平民的；公众的；百姓的◆levels of waste from the factory may be a danger to public health.工厂的废弃物排放量可能危及公众的健康。◆why would the closure of hospitals be in the public interest (= useful to ordinary people)?关闭医院怎么会符合公共利益呢？public¹/ˈpʌblɪk ||; ˈpʌblɪk/adj1. (only before a noun 只用于名词前) connected with ordinary people in general, not those who have an important position in society 公众的；与公众有关的: ◇ public opinion was in favour of the war. 公众舆论赞成打这场战争。◇how much public support is there for the government's policy? 有多少人支持政府的政策呢？ 2. provided for the use of people in general; not private 为公众而设的；公共的；公用的: ◇a public library/telephone 公共图书馆；公用电话◇public spending (= money that the government spends on education, health care, etc) 公共开支（政府在教育、保健等方面的支出） 3. known by many people 公开的；众所周知的: ◇we're going to make the news publicsoon. 我们即将公开这个消息。 ☞look at private. 参看private。 ➔publicly /-kli ||; -klɪ/ adv ◇the company refused to admit publicly that it had acted wrongly. 那家公司拒绝公开承认行事失当。 be common/public knowledge→knowledgego public 1. to tell people about sth that is a secret 把秘密公开: ◇the sacked employee went public with his stories of corruption inside the company. 那个被辞退的员工抖出他所知道的公司内部的腐败情况。 2. (used about a company) to start selling shares to the public （指公司）发售股票，使股票上市 in the public eye often appearing on television, in magazines, etc 经常在电视、杂志等上露面 public²/ˈpʌblɪk ||; ˈpʌblɪk/noun[sing] [with.sop] 1. the public people in general 公众；民众；人民: ◇the university swimming pool is open to the public in the evenings. 该大学的游泳池晚间向公众开放。◇the police have asked for help from members of the public. 警方已向公众要求协助。◇the public is/are generally in favour of the new law. 公众一般都支持这项新法令。 2. a group of people who are all interested in sth or who have sth in common （有共同兴趣或特点的）一群人: ◇the travelling public 爱出外旅行的人 in public when other people are present 当众；公开；公然: ◇this is the first time that miss potter has spoken about her experience in public. 这是波特小姐首次公开讲述自己的经历。 public1 for everyone to use2 owned or paid for by the government3 when a lot of people can see you or know about what is happeningrelated wordsoppositeprivate,people in general 泛指的人 person/people,see alsogovernment,politics,public services,1. for everyone to use 给所有人使用的 public /ˈpʌblɪk/ [adjective only before noun] a public place or public service is one that anyone can use, not one that is only for a particular person or group 公共的，公用的，为大众服务的 could you tell me where the public telephones are? 你能告诉我公用电话在哪里吗？ is this a public beach? 这是公共沙滩吗? proposals to ban smoking in public places 在公共场所禁烟的提议 they're always telling people to use public transport because there are too many cars on the roads. 他们一直倡导民众使用公共交通，因为马路上汽车太多了。 you now have to pay to use the public toilets at the station. 现在在车站用公共厕所必须付费。2. owned or paid for by the government 由政府拥有或出资的 public /ˈpʌblɪk/ [adjective only before noun] public libraries, hospitals etc are provided and paid for by the government, not by private companies 公共的；公营的，国营的 you can get the information from your local public library 你可以在当地公共图书馆查询该信息。 we need to raise taxes to pay for better public healthcare. 我们得提高税收来为更好的公共医疗体系提供资金。public services garbage collection and other public services 收垃圾等公共服务public spending/expenditure money spent by the government to provide public services 公共开支 there's been a big increase in public spending over the past three years. 过去三年里公共开支猛增。！the public sector all the industries and services that are owned or paid for by the government 公营部门 i've worked in the public sector all my life, mainly in local government. 我在公共部门工作了一辈子，主要是在地方政府。 public sector employees 公共部门雇员 publicly owned [adjective] thatcher privatized publicly owned industries like electricity and telecommunications. 撒切尔将电力、通信等国有工业私有化。 state /steɪt/ [adjective only before noun] owned, controlled, or paid for by the government. in the us state usually refers to the government of a particular state, not the national government 公立的，国有的［在美国，该词一般指某个州］ the government has promised increased spending on the the state education system. 政府应允向公立教育制度投入更多的资金。 china's state radio station 中国的国有广播电台 britain's state aid for industry generally falls far short of the sums seen in other countries. 与其他国家比较，英国对工业的国家援助通常都远远不够。 government /ˈgʌvəmənt, ˈgʌvənməntǁˈgʌvərn-/ [adjective only before noun] provided, paid for, or run by the government 政府的 how much government money is to be poured into this program? 政府打算向该计划投入多少资金? the camps have been attacked several times by government forces. 该营地已遭到政府军队数次袭击。 the industry secretary has just announced a government initiative to address the problem. 工业部长刚刚宣布了政府解决这个问题的计划。 federal /ˈfedərəl/ [adjective only before noun] owned or paid for by the national government of the us or a country organized in a similar way 联邦政府的；联邦的 federal funding for the project was cut last year 去年该项目的联邦资金投入削减了。 federal agencies 联邦政府部门 the federal bureau of investigation 联邦调查局 federally [adverb] federally funded programs 联邦专款计划 nationalize also nationalise british /ˈnæʃənəlaɪz/ [transitive verb] if a government nationalizes an industry or service, it buys it or takes control of it 使国有化，把…收归国有 the mines were nationalized by the labour party. 这些煤矿被工党收归国有。 castro speeded up his land reforms and began to nationalize foreign holdings in cuba. 卡斯特罗加速他的土地改革，并着手将古巴的外国拥有的财产收归国有。 nationalized/nationalised [adjective only before noun] the government is trying to sell off as many nationalized industries as it can. 该政府在竭力出售国有工业。3. when a lot of people can see you or know about what is happening 许多人可以看见你或知道发生的事 in public /ɪn ˈpʌblɪk/ [adverb] if you do something in public, you do it in a place where a lot of people can see or hear you 在公开场合；公开地 most people feel nervous about speaking in public. 大多数人在公开场合发言时都感到紧张。 her husband was always nice to her in public, but treated her badly at home. 她的丈夫在公开场合总对她殷殷勤勤，但在家却是恶声恶气的。appear in public use this to say that a famous person is seen in public by ordinary people 在公开场合出现 the prince has not appeared in public since the announcement of his divorce. 王子宣布离婚后，就一直没在公开场合出现。 publicly /ˈpʌblɪkli/ [adverb] if you do or say something publicly, you do or say it so that everyone knows about it, and you do not try to keep it secret 公开地 he was put in prison after publicly criticizing the military government. 他公开批评军政府，之后便被投入大牢。 they plan to announce their engagement publicly in the new year. 他们打算在新年里公开宣布订婚。 public /ˈpʌblɪk/ [adjective] public actions or events happen in a place where everyone can see or hear them 公开的 it is one of the few countries where they still hold public executions. 这是少数几个仍旧公开处决犯人的国家之一。 in a public statement, jackson and his wife announced their intention to get divorced. 在一份公开声明中，杰克逊与妻子宣布他们打算离婚。a public place a place where people can see or hear what you are doing 公共场所 jeff was obviously calling from a public place. 显然杰夫是从公共场所打电话来的。 can we go somewhere quieter? this place is a bit public. 我们去安静点的地方好吗？这地方有点人多眼杂。 openly /ˈəʊpənli/ [adverb] if you do something openly, you do it in a public place and without being embarrassed or trying to hide what you are doing 公开地；当众 he was the first person to talk openly on tv about having aids. 他是第一个上电视公开说自己患了艾滋病的人。 drugs are sold openly on the city streets. 毒品公然在城市的大街上售卖。 officially /əˈfɪʃəli/ [adverb] if something is done officially, it is done by someone in authority, and made known to the public 正式地；官方地 the changes to borders were officially announced in the european parliament. 边界变化在欧洲议会上正式宣布。 the details of the reforms are to be released officially next month. 改革的详细情况将在下个月正式公布。 thirty square miles of woodland that has been officially designated an area of outstanding natural beauty 被正式划定为自然美景区的30平方英里林地☞ public¹☞ public² |
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