运用1HNMR和13CNMR研究聚对苯二甲酸2,5呋喃二甲酸乙二醇共聚酯(PEFT)的序列结构

芦婷婷等
摘要采用直接酯化法,通过改变对苯二甲酸(PTA)与2,5呋喃二甲酸(FDCA)的摩尔比,制备了一系列聚对苯二甲酸2,5呋喃二甲酸乙二醇共聚酯(PEFT)。运用1HNMR和13CNMR测试手段研究PEFT共聚酯的链结构。
1引言
共聚物的序列结构影响其物理和化学性能,研究共聚物链序列结构对高聚物的改性和分子设计有重要意义。核磁共振是研究三元共聚物的结构与组成的有效手段,已有大量文献报道。
从可再生资源中寻求新的材料或单体代替依赖石油资源的产品已成为一种趋势。近年来,基于可再生资源的含呋喃环聚酯已成为研究热点之一。目前,已有一些关于2,5呋喃二甲酸乙二酸丁二醇共聚酯、2,5呋喃二甲酸对苯二甲酸乙二醇共聚酯等一系列含呋喃环聚酯的合成与性能研究的报道,本课题组亦在聚对苯二甲酸2,5呋喃二甲酸乙二醇共聚酯(PEFT)的合成、结构和性能方面开展了研究工作。然而,现有的报道均集中在含呋喃环聚酯的结构设计、合成和性能的研究,鲜有采用核磁共振(1HNMR和13CNMR)的手段研究PEFT共聚酯的序列结构的文献报道。
本研究组合成了一系列PEFT共聚酯,研究了PEFT共聚酯的一级结构、热性能和力学性能。序列结构是共聚酯特有的,直接影响其性能。本研究运用1HNMR和13CNMR方法对PEFT共聚酯分子链中乙二醇单元中受苯环和呋喃环远程作用影响较大的两个亚甲基上氢原子和碳原子的化学位移进行了分析,研究了PEFT三元共聚物的组成、序列结构和链段分布,进而通过上述方法计算了PEFT共聚酯的无规度(B)值和数均序列长度(L)值,并且与聚对苯二甲酸2,5呋喃二甲酸乙二醇嵌段共聚物和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯&2,5呋喃二甲酸乙二酯的共混物的结果进行了对比。
2.2.2聚对苯二甲酸2,5呋喃二甲酸乙二醇酯嵌段共聚物的制备分别以对苯二甲酸(PTA)、2,5呋喃二甲酸(FDCA)、乙二醇(EG)为原料,采用直接酯化法,分别按照摩尔比为nPTA∶nEG=1∶1.6和nFDCA∶nEG=1∶1.6, 同时按照PTA或FDCA摩尔数的‰加入催化剂Ti(OC4H9)4,进行两个实验A和B(实验A为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),实验B为聚2,5呋喃二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEF))。将A、B反应在N2保护下分别逐步加热到250 ℃,待反应均一透明(酯化结束)后升温至265 ℃进行缩聚,A反应60 min,B反应180 min后,终止反应,取出产物,将其打碎混合均匀后,在搅拌下加热到265 ℃再进行缩聚4 h,得到聚对苯二甲酸2,5呋喃二甲酸乙二醇酯嵌段共聚物。
2.2.3聚对苯二甲酸2,5呋喃二甲酸乙二醇共聚酯(PEFT)的提纯分别称取共聚酯1 g,溶于15 mL邻氯苯酚,待完全溶解后,边搅拌边缓慢滴入150 mL甲醇中,离心分离,反复提纯3次后放入真空烘箱80 ℃下干燥48 h,待测试。
2.2.4核磁共振分析(NMR, 600 MHz)
1HNMR核磁共振: 称取样品3~5 mg溶于0.5 mL CF3COOD中;13CNMR核磁共振: 称取样品30~35 mg溶于0.5 mL CF3COOD中,采用反转门控去偶方法,在150.94 MHz下,采样点数为20 k,采样次数为7000,采样间隔时间为6.7 s,谱宽为33 kHz测试样品,通过亚甲基上H和C的化学位移及其相应峰的积分面积计算无规度B值,研究序列结构。采用高斯分峰法分峰,剪纸称重法测量峰面积。所用纸张为硫化纸。
3结果与讨论
综上所述,1HNMR和13CNMR计算结果表明,共聚物链为无规共聚物的本质。这与文献所报道的PEFT共聚酯只有一个玻璃化转变温度,为无规共聚酯的结果一致。2,5呋喃二甲酸与对苯二甲酸在与乙二醇的亲核取代反应中活性相近。通过研究PEFT共聚酯的链结构,为今后PEFT共聚酯的制备及扩大化生产提供了理论依据。
References
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刘 茜, 姜 敏, 周光远, 张 强, 叶 冲, 熬玉辉. 应用化学, 2012, 29(7): 751-756
12JIANG Min, LIU Qian, ZHANG Qiang, ZHOU GuangYuan. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2013, (1): 24-29
姜 敏, 刘 茜, 张 强, 周光远. 高分子学报, 2013, (1): 24-29
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姜 敏, 芦婷婷, 姜国伟, 张 强, 周光远. 高分子学报, 2013, (8): 1073-1079
14Jedlinski Z, Sek D, Dziewiecka B. European Polymer Journal, 1977, 13: 871-874
AbstractA series of poly(ethylene terephthalateCoethylene 2,5furandicarboxylate) (PEFT) copolyesters were synthesized with different terephthalic acid (PTA) /2,5furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) molar ratios by direct esterification method. In order to investigate their chain structures, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectra of these copolyesters were recorded. The average length (L), the degree of randomness (B) and composition of copolyesters were calculated from the intensities of four kinds of signals, which corresponding to the chemical shifts of hydrogen and carbon atoms in ethylene glycol unit in PEFT copolyesters chains. It was shown that the degree of randomness B of all purified copolyesters reached to 1 by the formula of Yamadera and Murano, which indicated that they were random copolymers. Comparatively, the PEFblockPET of B value was 0.577, and the PEFblendPET of B value was 0. It was also consistent with the previous results of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) that each of the PEFT copolyesters had only one glass transition temperature and the copolyesters were random copolymers. The randomness B of PEFT50 was the greatest of all, the value was 1.012 based on the result of 1HNMR, and the value was 1.028 based on the result of 13CNMR. Furthermore, the results above displayed that the activity of 2,5furandicarboxylic acid and terephthalic acid was similar in this nucleophilic substation reaction with ethylene glycol.
KeywordsCopolyesters; Terephthalic acid; 2,5Furandicarboxylic acid; Sequence structure
6Gandini A, Silvester A J D, Neto C P, Sousa A F, Gomes M. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 2009, 47: 295-298
7Gomes M, Gandini A, Silvester A J D, Reies B. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 2011, 49: 3759-3768
8Ma J P, Pang Y, Wang M, Xu J, Ma B H, Nie X. J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22: 3457-3461
9Sousa A F, Matos M, Freire C S R, Silvestre A J D, Coelho J F. Polymer, 2013, 54, 513-519
10Jiang M, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Ye C, Zhou G Y. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem, 2012, 50: 1026-1036
11LIU Qian, JIANG Min, ZHOU GuangYuan, ZHANG Qiang, YE Chong, AO YuHui. Chinese J. Appl. Chem., 2012, 29(7): 751-756
刘 茜, 姜 敏, 周光远, 张 强, 叶 冲, 熬玉辉. 应用化学, 2012, 29(7): 751-756
12JIANG Min, LIU Qian, ZHANG Qiang, ZHOU GuangYuan. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2013, (1): 24-29
姜 敏, 刘 茜, 张 强, 周光远. 高分子学报, 2013, (1): 24-29
13JIANG Min, LU TingTing, JIANG GuoWei, ZHANG Qiang, ZHOU GuangYuan. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2013, (8): 1073-1079
姜 敏, 芦婷婷, 姜国伟, 张 强, 周光远. 高分子学报, 2013, (8): 1073-1079
14Jedlinski Z, Sek D, Dziewiecka B. European Polymer Journal, 1977, 13: 871-874
AbstractA series of poly(ethylene terephthalateCoethylene 2,5furandicarboxylate) (PEFT) copolyesters were synthesized with different terephthalic acid (PTA) /2,5furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) molar ratios by direct esterification method. In order to investigate their chain structures, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectra of these copolyesters were recorded. The average length (L), the degree of randomness (B) and composition of copolyesters were calculated from the intensities of four kinds of signals, which corresponding to the chemical shifts of hydrogen and carbon atoms in ethylene glycol unit in PEFT copolyesters chains. It was shown that the degree of randomness B of all purified copolyesters reached to 1 by the formula of Yamadera and Murano, which indicated that they were random copolymers. Comparatively, the PEFblockPET of B value was 0.577, and the PEFblendPET of B value was 0. It was also consistent with the previous results of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) that each of the PEFT copolyesters had only one glass transition temperature and the copolyesters were random copolymers. The randomness B of PEFT50 was the greatest of all, the value was 1.012 based on the result of 1HNMR, and the value was 1.028 based on the result of 13CNMR. Furthermore, the results above displayed that the activity of 2,5furandicarboxylic acid and terephthalic acid was similar in this nucleophilic substation reaction with ethylene glycol.
KeywordsCopolyesters; Terephthalic acid; 2,5Furandicarboxylic acid; Sequence structure
6Gandini A, Silvester A J D, Neto C P, Sousa A F, Gomes M. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 2009, 47: 295-298
7Gomes M, Gandini A, Silvester A J D, Reies B. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 2011, 49: 3759-3768
8Ma J P, Pang Y, Wang M, Xu J, Ma B H, Nie X. J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22: 3457-3461
9Sousa A F, Matos M, Freire C S R, Silvestre A J D, Coelho J F. Polymer, 2013, 54, 513-519
10Jiang M, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Ye C, Zhou G Y. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem, 2012, 50: 1026-1036
11LIU Qian, JIANG Min, ZHOU GuangYuan, ZHANG Qiang, YE Chong, AO YuHui. Chinese J. Appl. Chem., 2012, 29(7): 751-756
刘 茜, 姜 敏, 周光远, 张 强, 叶 冲, 熬玉辉. 应用化学, 2012, 29(7): 751-756
12JIANG Min, LIU Qian, ZHANG Qiang, ZHOU GuangYuan. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2013, (1): 24-29
姜 敏, 刘 茜, 张 强, 周光远. 高分子学报, 2013, (1): 24-29
13JIANG Min, LU TingTing, JIANG GuoWei, ZHANG Qiang, ZHOU GuangYuan. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2013, (8): 1073-1079
姜 敏, 芦婷婷, 姜国伟, 张 强, 周光远. 高分子学报, 2013, (8): 1073-1079
14Jedlinski Z, Sek D, Dziewiecka B. European Polymer Journal, 1977, 13: 871-874
AbstractA series of poly(ethylene terephthalateCoethylene 2,5furandicarboxylate) (PEFT) copolyesters were synthesized with different terephthalic acid (PTA) /2,5furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) molar ratios by direct esterification method. In order to investigate their chain structures, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectra of these copolyesters were recorded. The average length (L), the degree of randomness (B) and composition of copolyesters were calculated from the intensities of four kinds of signals, which corresponding to the chemical shifts of hydrogen and carbon atoms in ethylene glycol unit in PEFT copolyesters chains. It was shown that the degree of randomness B of all purified copolyesters reached to 1 by the formula of Yamadera and Murano, which indicated that they were random copolymers. Comparatively, the PEFblockPET of B value was 0.577, and the PEFblendPET of B value was 0. It was also consistent with the previous results of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) that each of the PEFT copolyesters had only one glass transition temperature and the copolyesters were random copolymers. The randomness B of PEFT50 was the greatest of all, the value was 1.012 based on the result of 1HNMR, and the value was 1.028 based on the result of 13CNMR. Furthermore, the results above displayed that the activity of 2,5furandicarboxylic acid and terephthalic acid was similar in this nucleophilic substation reaction with ethylene glycol.
KeywordsCopolyesters; Terephthalic acid; 2,5Furandicarboxylic acid; Sequence structure
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