船舶机舱油气延伸报警辅助系统的设计与实现

李卫强+曹辉






DOI:10.13340/j.jsmu.2017.03.014
文章编号:1672-9498(2017)03007906
摘要:为对机舱设备的油气浓度进行独立、有效的监视,根据机舱设备的油气浓度在船舶航行过程以及靠离港时的变化特点,设计一种船舶机舱油气报警辅助系统。该系统由布置在现场的MQ2传感器、STM32处理器、单片网络接口芯片W5100以及315 MHz无线模块SR9915等组成。下位机STM32处理器接收现场油气浓度数据,该数据经解析、封装和传输后,通过315 MHz无线模块SR9915发送到手持人机交互界面,对机舱油气浓度进行随时监测。系统能对不同处所、不同设备的油气浓度进行实时显示与辅助报警。实验结果表明,系统实时性强、响应迅速、界面显示清晰,能够准确地获得机舱内油气的浓度。
关键词:
船舶机舱; 数据采集; 无线传输; 手持设备; 延伸报警
中图分类号:
U664.88;TN919.3;TP274.2
文献标志码:
A
Design and implementation of combustible gas extension alarm
auxiliary system of marine engine room
LI Weiqiang, CAO Hui
(Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China)
Abstract:
In order to monitor combustible gas concentration independently and effectively in the marine engine room, according to the variation characteristics of the combustible gas concentration during ship sailing, berthing and unberthing, the combustible gas alarm auxiliary system of the marine engine room is designed. The system consists of MQ2 sensors arranged in the scene, the slave computer STM32 processor, the monolithic network interface chip W5100, and the 315 MHz wireless module SR9915. The slave computer STM32 processor receives the concentration data. The data are parsed, packaged and transmitted. For monitoring the concentration at any time, the data are sent to the humancomputer interaction interface through the 315 MHz wireless module SR9915. The system can carry out realtime display and auxiliary alarm to the combustible gas concentration of different equipments at different locations. Experimental results show that: the system is of good realtime, fast response and clear interface display; it can accurately obtain the concentration of combustible gas in the marine engine room
Key words:
marine engine room; data acquisition; wireless transmission; handheld device; extension alarm
0引言
在貨油泵舱内的任何操作都会导致气液两相间发生相互转换现象,所要驳运油的品类、液货油的温度、舱内压力和油液位变化速率等都会影响新的气液平衡,进而使货油泵舱内油气浓度发生变化。资料显示,油气浓度、舱内初始温度等对货油泵舱油气混合物爆炸有重要影响,且存在临界油气体积分数(2.5%)及临界初始温度(306 K),在临界值时油气爆炸最为剧烈
。[1]MOON等[2]给出了自动化机舱延伸报警系统的网络架构,对设备参数的监控与报警延伸到轮机员住所、驾控台、轮机长房间以及重要的公共场合。目前船舶安全管理中,对机舱主机扫气箱、曲轴箱以及燃油舱油气浓度的监控,只能在固定场所内通过安装在集控室内固定的控制面板完成。当误报警发生时,轮机员必须在集控室内完成消除报警操作,以使系统继续运行,否则会导致主机停车,甚至发生交互控制系统瘫痪等事故。现有船舶弱电控制均采用现场布线对监控系统进行控制,随着监控节点的增多,现场布线数量也随之增加,这必然导致成本增加以及维护不便。随着网络信息技术以及控制技术的发展,智能移动设备在工业控制、安防监控等领域的应用渐渐成熟。[3]现有的机舱油气浓度检测不能实现无线测量,但可以通过手持的智能数据显示设备(作为机舱管理的辅助装置)实现对货油泵舱原油、燃油、轻油等油气浓度以及扫气箱、曲轴箱、大舱、船员生活区、厨房等的实时监控,最大限度地加强船舶的安全管理。