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标题 蒲公英联合第二代头孢菌素治疗早期急性乳腺炎的临床效果
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     蔡钰峰

    

    [摘要]目的 探讨蒲公英联合第二代头孢菌素治疗早期急性乳腺炎的临床效果。方法 选择赣南医学院第一附属医院2017年5月~2018年11月妇产科收治的120例早期急性乳腺炎患者,按照数字抽签法随机将其分为实验组(60例)与对照组(60例)。实验组采用蒲公英联合第二代头孢菌素头孢呋辛钠进行治疗,对照组患者只给予第二代头孢菌素头孢呋辛钠进行治疗。两组患者均治疗1周。比较两组的治疗效果、体温恢复正常时间,测定两组治疗前后的血清白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)。结果 实验组患者的治疗效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组的体温恢复正常时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05);与治疗前比较,两组的血清WBC、NEUT水平均明显下降(P<0.05),且实验组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组均未见明显不良反应。结论 蒲公英联合第二代头孢菌素治疗急性乳腺炎初期的效果显著。

    [关键词]母乳喂养;急性乳腺炎;蒲公英;第二代头孢菌素

    [中图分类号] R639? ? ? ? ? [文献标识码] A? ? ? ? ? [文章编号] 1674-4721(2019)9(c)-0051-03

    [Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Dandelion and Second-generation Cephalosporin in the treatment of early acute mastitis. Methods A total of 120 outpatients and emergency patients from department of obstetrics and gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University from May 2017 to November 2018 were selected. They were randomly divided into the experimental group (60 cases) and the control group (60 cases) according to the digital lottery method. The experimental group was treated with Dandelion combined with Second-generation Cephalosporin (Cefuroxime Sodium), while the control group was treated only with Second-generation Cephalosporin (Cefuroxime Sodium). Both groups were treated for one week. The therapeutic effect and the time of body temperature returning to normal were compared between the two groups. Serum white blood cell count (WBC) and neutrophil count (NEUT) in the two groups were measured before and after treatment. Results The treatment effect of the treatment group was better than that of the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The temperature recovery time of the treatment group was obviously shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). The level of WBC and NEUT in the two groups after treatment had decreased significantly compared with that before treatment (P<0.05), and the level of WBC and NEUT in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions in both groups. Conclusion Dandelion combined with Second-generation Cephalosporin is effective in the treatment of early acute mastitis.

    [Key words] Breast feeding; Acute mastitis; Dandelion; Second-generation Cephalosporin

    母乳是嬰儿最理想食品,不仅能够有效促进婴儿的生长发育,还能降低其在婴幼儿期间各种疾病的发生。母乳喂养可以增进母子间情感的交流、促进母亲产后子宫的恢复以及减少母亲乳房疾病。急性乳腺炎为一种常见的急性炎症,金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、B族链球菌是引起急性乳腺炎的常见致病菌,其中多数因金黄色葡萄球菌感染所引起。其是产褥期常见的疾病之一,发病率较高,可达5%~11%[1],以初产妇产后3个月内最为多见[2]。本病主要临床表现为乳房胀痛、畏寒、发热,局部红、肿、热、痛,乳房硬结及实验室指标白细胞增高等,严重影响到母乳喂养。西医认为急性乳腺炎早期宜使用抗生素,控制炎症扩散,但存在乳汁淤积形成肿块,以致乳腺炎反复发作。中医认为,急性乳腺炎为排乳不畅,乳汁积滞所致,治疗以中药内服、外敷来疏通乳腺导管、排乳为关键。本研究采用蒲公英联合第二代头孢菌素治疗急性乳腺炎,旨在提高急性乳腺炎初期的治愈率,减少患者痛苦,提高母乳喂养率。

    西药选择方面,大量课题研究显示大部分的金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素及第一代头孢菌素耐药,而第三代头孢菌素对葡萄球菌的治疗效果不及第一、二代头孢菌素,且频繁使用第三、四代头孢菌素易导致耐药菌株的形成。第二代头孢菌素如头孢克洛、头孢呋辛等抗菌谱广,对金黄色葡萄球菌感染作用与青霉素类及第一代头孢菌素相近,且对表皮葡萄球菌、草绿色链球菌等感染也有很强的杀菌效果,优于第三代头孢菌素。第二代头孢菌素在治疗急性乳腺炎方面有敏感性高、耐药性低、毒副作用小、易获得的特点,并且其通过乳汁量少,安全性高,所以用药期间可以继续哺乳,这大大减少了产妇的心理负担。

    本研究中,实验组使用蒲公英联合第二代头孢菌素(头孢呋辛钠)治疗急性乳腺炎初期的治愈率高达93.3%,明显高于单用头孢呋辛钠组;且实验组的体温恢复正常时间明显短于对照组;与治疗前比较,两组的血清WBC、NEUT水平均明显下降,且实验组明显低于对照组,提示中西医结合治疗哺乳期急性乳腺炎相较于单一使用西医治疗具有更好的临床效果,可以明显改善患者的临床症状[15]。

    综上所述,联合蒲公英及第二代头孢菌素可提高早期急性乳腺炎的治疗效果,值得临床应用及推广。

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    (收稿日期:2019-04-15? 本文编辑:祁海文)

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