标题 | 脑小血管病的相关危险因素临床分析 |
范文 | 陈英道 李育英 李海宁 【摘要】 目的 探讨脑小血管病(CSVD)的相关危险因素。方法 选取110例脑小血管病患者作为研究组, 另选取90例非脑小血管病患者作为对照组。比较两组研究对象的基本资料及实验室检验指标, 采用Logistic回归分析脑小血管病的相关危险因素。结果 研究组高脂血症、吸烟、糖尿病、高血压占比分别为80.91%、70.91%、54.55%、96.36%, 均高于对照组的60.00%、57.78%、36.67%、52.22%, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组餐后2 h血糖、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平分别为(11.51±1.57)mmol/L、(4.41±1.08)mmol/L、(20.96±6.08)μmol/L、(22.95±6.12)mg/L, 均高于对照组的(7.82±1.09)mmol/L、(2.82±0.51)mmol/L、(15.62±4.52)μmol/L、(5.69±1.13)mg/L, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示, 高血压、糖尿病、吸烟及Hcy升高是脑小血管病的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 合并有高血压、糖尿病、吸烟及Hcy升高更容易发生脑小血管病, 因此临床上可以通过控制这些危险因素来进行脑小血管病的预防。 【关键词】 脑小血管病;相关危险因素;糖尿病;高血压;吸烟;同型半胱氨酸升高 DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2020.20.010 【Abstract】 Objective ? To discuss the risk factors of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Methods ? There were 110 cerebral small vessel disease patients as the research group, and 90 non-cerebral small vessel disease patients as the control group. The basic data and laboratory test indexes of the two groups were compared, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of cerebrovascular disease. Results ? The proportion of hyperlipidemia, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension of the research group were 80.91%, 70.91%, 54.55% and 96.36%, which were higher than those of the control group 60.00%, 57.78%, 36.67% and 52.22%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The levels of 2-h postprandial blood glucose, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, homocysteine (Hcy), C-reactive protein (CRP) of the research group were (11.51±1.57) mmol/L, (4.41±1.08) mmol/L, (20.96±6.08) μmol/L and (22.95±6.12) mg/L respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (7.82±1.09) mmol/L, (2.82±0.51) mmol/L, (15.62±4.52) μmol/L?and (5.69±1.13) mg/L, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and elevated Hcy were risk factors for cerebrovascular disease (P<0.05). Conclusion ? Cerebral small vessel disease is more likely to occur in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and elevated Hcy. Therefore, cerebral small vessel disease can be prevented by controlling these risk factors. 【Key words】 Cerebral small vessel disease; Risk factors; Diabetes mellitus; Hypertension; Smoking; Elevated homocysteine 腦小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease, CSVD)是一种临床常见的脑血管疾病, 主要是由于各种各样的原因影响脑内的小动脉、毛细血管、小静脉等所导致的一种疾病[1]。急性脑小血管病的主要表现为腔隙性脑梗死(Lacunar infarction, LI)和脑实质出血[2]。慢性脑小血管病早期没有明显的症状, 需要通过影像学等方法进行诊断, 晚期会出现认知功能的下降、大小便失禁、走路不稳, 或者出现抑郁等情感障碍[3]。因此对于脑小血管病的危险因素进行分析可以有效预防疾病的发生和发展, 对早期的诊断和治疗均有重要的意义。本研究选取110例脑小血管病患者和90例非脑小血管病患者作为研究对象, 对比探讨脑小血管病的相关危险因素。报告如下。 |
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