标题 | 分词做状语的概念解析 |
范文 | 张艳红 非谓语动词之分词做状语是必考考点,本文主要对分词的基本概念和状语功能进行梳理总结。 一、5个分词的基本概念 1.doing: 现在分词 一般式 主动语态 2.being done: 现在分词一般式 被动语态 3.having done: 现在分词 完成式 主动语态 4.having been done:现在分词 完成式 被动语态 5.done :过去分词 二、解析概念 1.doing ----- 表示分词的动作: ①正在进行;②与谓语动词的动作同时发生;③相关名词与doing之间是主动关系 Hearing the bell ,the students began to enter the classroom . 解析:①主语the students和分詞Hearing 之间是主动关系;②分词Hearing和谓语动词began to enter 的动作同时发生。 2.being done ----- 表示分词的动作: ①正在进行;②与谓语的动作同时发;③名词 与being done 是被动关系。 Being painted now,the classroom can not be used . 解析:①主语the classroom和分词Being painted 之间是被动关系;②分词Being painted的动作正在发生。 3.having done ----- 表示分词的动作: ①发生在谓语的动作或状态之前;②名词与having done 是主动关系。 Having finished the work ,Tom went out for play . 解析:①主语Tom和分词Having finished 之间是主动关系;②分词Having finished的动作发生在谓语动词went out for play之前。 4.having been done ----- 表示分词的动作: ①发生在谓语的动作或状态之前;②名词与having been done是被动关系。 Having been used for many years ,the car needs repairing . 解析:①主语the car和分词Having been used 之间是被动关系;②分词Having been used的动作发生在谓语动词needs repairing之前。 5.done ----- 表示分词的动作: ①分词本身动作发生完了;②没时间性;③名词与done 之间是被动关系。 Seen from the hill ,our school is very beautiful . 解析:①our school和seen 之间是被动关系;②seen的动作没有时间性。 三、分词做状语的功能 时间,原因,条件,让步,结果,方式,伴随状况 1.时间状语:Having finished the work,Tom went out for play. 2.原因状语:Being painted now,the classroom can not be used. 3.条件状语:Seen from the hill,our schoolyard looks very beau-tiful. 4.让步状语:Having been warned many times,the boy still beca-me careless in doing the job. 5.结果状语:Football is played all over the world , making it the most popular sport. 6.方式状语:Being late for class , he came to school running all the way. 7.伴随状况状语:The students entered the classroom, talking and laughing. 四、分词做状语的判断技巧 分词5个做状语,逗号是标志;主语定语态,谓语定时态。 另,伴随状况状语通常在谓语后面,常不用逗号标志。例如:The students entered the classroom talking and laughing . 总之,分词做状语是高频考点,尤其在语法填空、改错和写作部分,成为必备要点。 |
随便看 |
|
科学优质学术资源、百科知识分享平台,免费提供知识科普、生活经验分享、中外学术论文、各类范文、学术文献、教学资料、学术期刊、会议、报纸、杂志、工具书等各类资源检索、在线阅读和软件app下载服务。