| 单词 | distress |
| 释义 | distress nounadjective | verb + distress | distress + noun | preposition | phrases adjective➤acute, considerable, deep, extreme, great, immense, severe, significant极端的痛苦；深深的忧伤；巨大的创痛；苦楚满腹；苦不堪言▸➤genuine, real真正的痛苦➤obvious明显的悲伤▸➤unnecessary (especially bre) 不必要的忧伤➤general一般的痛苦▸➤emotional, mental, moral, personal, physical, psychological感情上的痛苦；精神痛苦；个人的忧伤；皮肉之苦；心理上的痛苦◆the physical distress of hunger饥饿之苦◆the personal distress associated with unemployment失业引致的个人愁苦➤economic, financial, social经济困境；财政困难；社会困境◆the causes of social distress include inadequate housing.造成社会困境的原因包括住房不足。➤marital, relationship (both name) 婚姻／情感困境◆an unhappy young couple in acute relationship distress一对处于严重情感困境的不快乐的年轻夫妇verb + distress➤cause (sb)造成（某人）痛苦▸➤experience, feel, suffer经历痛苦；感到苦恼；遭受痛苦◆the distress that she felt when her parents argued她父母争吵时她感到的苦恼◆the animals suffer great pain and distress when hunted.动物被猎捕时会遭受巨大的痛苦。➤show (signs of)表现出悲痛（迹象）◆she seemed calm and showed no signs of distress.她似乎很平静，看不出任何悲痛的迹象。➤hide隐藏痛苦◆he tried to hide his distress, but the tremor in his voice was unmistakable.他尽力掩饰自己的悲痛，但是颤抖的声音却无疑表明了一切。➤express表达悲哀◆hall expressed his distress at the court's failure to uphold his rights.霍尔对法庭没能维护他的权利表达了悲哀。➤avoid避免痛苦➤alleviate, ease, reduce, relieve减轻／缓和／减少／消除痛苦➤see, sense看出／觉察到痛苦◆she saw the distress in christy's eyes.她从克里斯蒂的眼中看到了痛苦。◆sensing her distress, luke walked over and patted her shoulder.卢克感到她在痛苦之中，于是走过去拍了拍她的肩膀。distress + noun➤call, signal遇险信号；求救信号◆the sinking ship sent out a distress call.下沉的船只发出遇险信号。preposition➤in distress在危险中◆the child was clearly in distress.孩子显然处于危险之中。◆a ship in distress遇险的船➤to sb's distress令某人苦恼的是◆he dropped out of college, to his family's distress.他退学了，这让他的家人很苦恼。➤distress at因⋯而悲痛◆her obvious distress at hearing such bad news听到这么坏的消息时她脸上明显的悲痛➤distress over因⋯的悲痛◆the president issued a statement expressing her distress over the affair.总统发表声明表达她对这件事的悲痛。phrases➤a damsel in distress落难女子◆medieval ballads about a knight saving a damsel in distress关于骑士搭救落难女子的中世纪民谣➤a source of distress苦恼的来源◆getting old is a source of distress to men as well as women.不管是男人还是女人，变老同样都是造成其苦恼的一个原因。 distress /dɪstres/ noun [uncountable] (law 法律) when the goods of a person or a company are legally taken in order to pay money that they owe （用以抵债的）扣押财物◆the distress sale is unlikely to raise enough to repay all the loans. 扣押财物的出售不可能筹集到足够的资金偿还所有的贷款。☞ distress distress noundistress ♦︎ pain ♦︎ suffering ♦︎ anguish ♦︎ torture ♦︎ agony ♦︎ hurt ♦︎ miserythese are all words for a feeling of great unhappiness that you get when you are hurt emotionally by sth that happens or what sb does or says.这些词均表示感情上的巨大伤痛。synonym scale 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达伤痛的程度distress ○ pain ○ suffering ○ hurt ○ anguish ○ misery ○ torture ○ agonypatterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆distress / pain / anguish / hurt / misery at sth◆in distress / pain / anguish / agony / misery◆great distress / pain / suffering / anguish / agony / hurt / misery◆real distress / pain / suffering / anguish / torture / hurt / misery◆sheer / absolute torture / agony / misery◆physical / emotional distress / pain / suffering / anguish / torture / agony / hurt◆mental distress / pain / suffering / anguish / torture / agony◆personal distress / pain / suffering / anguish / agony / hurt / misery◆to endure the distress / pain / suffering / torture / agony / misery◆to bear the pain / suffering / anguish / torture / misery◆to go through pain / suffering / anguish / torture / agony / misery◆to suffer distress / pain / anguish / torture / agony / hurt / misery◆to inflict pain / suffering / anguish / torture / agony / hurt / misery◆to cause (sb) distress / pain / suffering / anguish / agony / hurt / misery◆to spare sb the distress / pain / anguish / torture / agony / misery◆to ease sb's distress / pain / suffering / anguish / agony / misery■ distress [uncountable] a feeling of great unhappiness or worry caused by sth unpleasant that has happened to you or that you think might happen忧虑；悲伤；痛苦◆he was obviously in distress after the attack.他受到攻击后显然很痛苦。◆the newspaper article caused the actor considerable distress.报上的文章给这名演员带来很大痛苦。 ➡ see also distress → hurt verb 1 , distressed → upset , distressing → painful 2 ■ pain [uncountable] a feeling of great unhappiness caused by sth unpleasant that has happened to you or that sb has done or said痛苦；心灵受创◆the pain of separation remained intense.离别的痛苦依然很强烈。◆she had never meant to cause him any pain.她从不想伤害他的感情。ⓘ pain can also be a physical feeling. * pain 也可指身体上的疼痛。 ➡ see also pain → pain opp pleasure → fun , pleasure → pleasure ➡ see also pain → hurt verb 1 , painful → painful 2 ■ suffering [uncountable] a feeling of great unhappiness caused by sth unpleasant that has happened to you, sometimes involving being without a home, money, food or safety痛苦；折磨；苦难◆the taunts of her schoolmates caused her intense mental suffering.校友们的辱骂给她带来极大的精神痛苦。◆this war has caused widespread human suffering.这场战争给许许多多的人带来了苦难。ⓘ suffering can also be a physical feeling. * suffering 也可指身体上的疼痛。 ➡ see also suffering → pain note 辨析 distress, pain or suffering?these are all words for a feeling of great unhappiness. distress can also be a feeling of worry.这些词都指痛苦的感受，其中 distress 还可指忧虑◆i was in such distress, wondering what had happened to them.不知道他们出了什么事，我陷入了深深的忧虑。◆i was in such pain/suffering, wondering what had happened to them. both pain and suffering can also be physical and sometimes they can be both physcial and emotional at the same time. * pain 和 suffering 都可指身体上的痛苦，有时还指身体和情感上同时受苦◆it was a life full of pain and suffering.那是一种充满痛苦与折磨的生活。 pain is used especially when the hurt is more individual and the cause more personal, such as the death of a loved one or sth unkind that sb has said or done to you. suffering is used especially when the hurt affects a large number of people and is caused by sth on a larger scale such as a war or natural disaster. * pain 尤指个人的痛苦，或痛苦原因与私人生活有关，如心爱的人去世，或别人的言行不友善带来的伤害。suffering 尤指受害人数众多或由影响范围大的事件（如战争或自然灾害）引发的痛苦。■ anguish /æŋgwɪʃ/ [uncountable] (rather formal) great suffering, especially emotional suffering（尤指精神上的）强烈痛苦，折磨◆tears of anguish filled her eyes.她双眸噙满了伤心的泪水。◆he groaned in anguish.他痛苦地呻吟。 ➡ see also anguished → upset ■ torture /tɔːtʃə(r); name tɔːrtʃər/ [uncountable] (informal) extreme suffering, especially emotional suffering; sth that causes this（精神上的）极大痛苦，折磨；折磨人的事◆falling in love with a man she could never have was exquisite torture.爱上一个永远得不到的男人是她极大的痛苦。◆the interview was sheer torture from start to finish.这次面试从头至尾都使人备受煎熬。ⓘ torture is the only word in this group that cannot be used after 'in'. * torture 是本组同义词中唯一不能用于介词 in 之后的词◆he cried out in torture. ■ agony /ægəni/ [uncountable, countable] extreme emotional suffering; sth that causes this（精神上的）极大痛苦；带来痛苦的事◆it was agony not knowing where the children were.孩子们下落不明，真让人揪心。◆she waited in an agony of suspense.她提心吊胆地等待着。◆the worst agonies of the war were now beginning.战争最深重的苦难现在开始了。ⓘ agony can also be physical pain. * agony 也可指身体上的疼痛。 ➡ see also agony → pain ■ hurt [uncountable, singular] (rather informal) a feeling of unhappiness because sb has been unkind or unfair to you心灵创伤；委屈◆there was hurt and real anger in her voice.从她的声音可以听出，她既难过又真的生气。◆it was a hurt that would take a long time to heal.那是需要很长时间才能愈合的心灵创伤。 ➡ see also hurt → hurt verb 1 , hurt → upset adj. , hurtful → mean adj. 1 ■ misery /mɪzəri/ [uncountable, countable] great suffering, especially emotional suffering, that lasts a long time; a very unpleasant experience or situation in which people suffer very much（长期的情感）痛苦；悲惨的遭遇（或境况）◆fame brought her nothing but misery.名声给她带来的仅是痛苦而已。◆the bad news had plunged him into abject misery.那一坏消息使他陷入了极度的痛苦。◆ (bre) my old boss used to make my life a misery.我以前的老板经常让我陷入水深火热之中。ⓘ in american english say make my life miserable.在美式英语中要说 make my life miserable。 ➡ see also miserable → negative , miserable → unhappy 1 note 辨析 anguish, torture, agony or misery?the main differences between these words are the degree of suffering and the level of formality. agony suggests the most suffering. torture also suggests extreme suffering, but it is used in informal spoken english in an exaggerated way: the situations that cause the torture may not in fact be very serious. anguish is a rather formal word and is slightly less extreme than agony and torture. misery may be less intense suffering but it may last a much longer time.这四个词的主要区别在于所表示痛苦的程度和语言的正式程度不同。agony 表示的痛苦程度最强； torture 也表示极端痛苦，但会用于非正式口语以示夸张，造成痛苦的情况不一定真的很严重； anguish 相当正式，其痛苦程度比 agony 和 torture 稍弱； misery 所指的痛苦可能不太强烈，但持续的时间则可能长得多。distress [uncountable] a feeling of great unhappiness or worry caused by sth unpleasant that has happened to you or that you think might happen忧虑；悲伤；痛苦◆he was obviously in distress after the attack.他受到攻击后显然很痛苦。◆the newspaper article caused the actor considerable distress.报上的文章给这名演员带来很大痛苦。 ➡ see also distress → hurt verb 1 , distressed → upset , distressing → painful 2 distress /dɪstres/ [transitive] (rather formal) to make sb feel very unhappy or worried使悲伤；使忧虑；使苦恼◆it was clear that the letter had deeply distressed her.这封信显然使她极为悲伤。◆don't distress yourself.你别犯愁了。ⓘ distress is stronger and more formal than upset and does not have the additional meaning of 'annoy'. * distress 比 upset 语气更强，也更正式，且不含有“使生气”的意思。 ➡ see also distress → distress , distressed → upset , distressing → painful 2 distress¹/dɪˈstres ||; dɪˈstrɛs/noun [u]: 1. the state of being very upset or of suffering great pain or difficulty 极度的苦恼；极度的痛苦；极度的难受: ◇she was in such distressthat i didn't want to leave her on her own. 她十分痛苦，我不想留下她一个人。 2. the state of being in great danger and needing immediate help 危难；困境: ◇the ship's captain radioed that it was in distress. 船长用无线电发出遇险信号。 distress²/dɪˈstres ||; dɪˈstrɛs/verb [t] to make sb very upset or unhappy 使情绪低落；使痛苦；使悲伤: ◇try not to say anything to distress the patient further. 别说增加病人痛苦的话。 ➔distressed adj ◇she was too distressed to talk. 她痛苦得说不出话来。 ➔distressing adj ◇a distressing experience/illness 令人痛苦的经历╱疾病 distresssee ⇨ upset 2☞ distress¹☞ distress² |
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