| 单词 | discrimination |
| 释义 | discrimination noun¹ 1treating a person/group unfairly不公平对待adjective | ... of discrimination | verb + discrimination | discrimination + verb | preposition | phrases adjective➤gender, sex, sexual, sexual-orientation (especially name) 性别歧视➤age, class, race, racial年龄歧视；阶级歧视；种族歧视▸➤religious, social宗教／社会歧视➤disability残疾歧视➤pregnancy (especially name) 怀孕歧视➤viewpoint (name) 观点歧视◆the first amendment's ban on viewpoint discrimination第一修正案禁止观点歧视➤widespread广泛存在的歧视◆there is widespread discrimination against doctors of asian origin.对亚裔医生存在着广泛的歧视。➤active, blatant, direct, overt公然的歧视；显而易见的歧视；直接的歧视◆evidence of active discrimination against black workers对黑人工人公然歧视的证据➤subtle不易觉察的歧视➤intentional故意的歧视▸➤direct, indirect (both bre) 直接／间接歧视➤perceived感受到的歧视▸➤positive, reverse (name) 特别照顾；逆向歧视◆positive discrimination in favour of disadvantaged racial groups对弱势种族的特别照顾◆they claim to be the victims of reverse discrimination.他们声称是逆向歧视的受害者。➤illegal, unlawful非法歧视◆overt sex or race discrimination is illegal.公然的性别或种族歧视是违法的。➤legal法律歧视▸➤employment, job, workplace (especially name) 就业／职业／职场歧视➤housing (name) 住房歧视▸➤government, institutional, institutionalized体制歧视；由来已久的歧视◆institutionalized discrimination against women in the police警界对女性习以为常的歧视... of discrimination➤level歧视程度◆levels of discrimination against recent immigrants are high.对新移民的歧视很严重。verb + discrimination➤amount to, constitute相当于／构成歧视◆racist remarks by an employer to an employee can amount to unlawful discrimination.雇主对雇员的种族主义言论可以等同于非法歧视。➤encounter, experience, face, suffer, suffer from遭遇／经历／面临／遭受／受到⋯的歧视◆many disabled people suffer discrimination at work.许多残疾人在工作中遭到歧视。➤practise/practice实行歧视▸➤allege, claim指控／声称受到歧视◆lawsuits alleging discrimination控告歧视的诉讼➤be opposed to, combat, fight反对歧视；与歧视作斗争➤ban, bar, forbid, outlaw, prohibit禁止歧视；宣布歧视违法▸➤eliminate, end, stop消除／停止／结束歧视discrimination + verb➤occur歧视出现◆the discrimination occurred at the shortlisting stage, not the interviews.歧视出现在决定入围名单时，而不是在面试阶段。➤exist歧视存在◆does racial discrimination still exist in the workplace?职场上还存在种族歧视吗？preposition➤discrimination against对⋯的歧视◆discrimination against women对女性的歧视➤discrimination by根据⋯的差别对待◆discrimination by age / race根据年龄／种族区别对待➤discrimination in favour/favor of对⋯的优待◆some companies practise discrimination in favour of older people. (bre) 有一些公司优待年龄较大的人。◆some companies practice discrimination in favor of older people. (name) 有一些公司优待年龄较大的人。➤discrimination on the grounds of基于⋯的差别对待◆it's time we banned discrimination on the grounds of age.该是我们禁止年龄歧视的时候了。phrases➤an act of discrimination歧视行为▸➤discrimination based on sth基于⋯的歧视◆discrimination based on sexuality基于性别的歧视➤evidence of discrimination歧视的证据➤a form of discrimination歧视的一种形式➤racial and ethnic discrimination (name) 种族和民族歧视◆the law now prohibits racial and ethnic discrimination.法律现在禁止种族和民族歧视。➤a victim of discrimination遭受歧视者discrimination noun² 2ability to recognize differences判断adjective | verb + discrimination | preposition adjective➤fine, great良好的／出色的判别能力➤colour/color颜色区分verb + discrimination➤make作出判别◆young children find it difficult to make fine discriminations.小孩子很难作出细微的区分。➤show显示出识别能力◆she showed great discrimination in rejecting the poor quality teas.她在剔除劣质茶方面显示出高超的鉴别力。preposition➤discrimination between在⋯之间的辨别◆discrimination between right and wrong分辨是非 discrimination /dɪˌskrɪmɪneɪʃn/ noun [uncountable] (law 法律) the practice of treating a person, a particular group of people or a particular class of things differently from another in an unfair way 歧视；区别对待◆the company has been accused of discrimination against people with disabilities. 这公司被指控歧视残疾人士。◆this is a clear case of discrimination. 这是明显的歧视行为。◆discrimination on the grounds of age 基于年龄的歧视◆accusations of race and gender discrimination accounted for a majority of the complaints. 有关种族和性别歧视的指控占投诉的绝大部分。⨁ gender / race / racial / sex / sexual discrimination性别／种族／性别歧视 ⨁ discrimination against / in favour of sth歧视／偏袒某事 age discrimination ◇ genetic discrimination ◇ positive discrimination ◇ price discrimination ◇ reverse discrimination ☞ discrimination discrimination noun ➡ see also the entry for racism另见 racism 条discrimination ♦︎ prejudice ♦︎ bias ♦︎ apartheid ♦︎ affirmative action ♦︎ intolerance ♦︎ favouritismthese are all words for the unfair treatment of a particular group in society, for example because of their race, sex or religion.这些词均表示偏见、歧视。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆discrimination / prejudice / bias / intolerance / favouritism towards / toward sb / sth◆discrimination / prejudice / bias in favour of / against sb / sth◆sexual discrimination / prejudice / bias / apartheid◆racial / religious discrimination / prejudice / bias / intolerance◆race / class / age / political discrimination / prejudice / bias◆blatant / clear discrimination / prejudice / bias◆to have a prejudice / bias◆to show discrimination / prejudice / a bias / intolerance / favouritism◆to fight discrimination / prejudice / apartheid◆to reduce / eliminate discrimination / prejudice / bias■ discrimination /dɪskrɪmɪneɪʃn/ [uncountable] (disapproving) unfair treatment of a particular person or group in society, for example because of their race, sex or religion区别对待；歧视◆this is blatant discrimination against people with disabilities.这是对残疾人的公然歧视。◆our policy forbids discrimination on the grounds of a person's race, sex or sexuality.我们的政策禁止在种族、性别或性取向上加以歧视。◆ (bre, approving) some colleges feel there is a real need for positive discrimination in favour of applicants from poorer backgrounds (= more favourable treatment for that group).有些院校认为确有必要对那些来自较贫困家庭的申请人实行积极的特别照顾。ⓘ in american english this is usually called affirmative action (see below). reverse discrimination, in both british and american english, is the same policy when it is considered to be a bad thing.在美式英语中，这种积极的区别对待通常称作 affirmative action （见下面的分词条）。如果这种区别对待被看作是一件坏事，英式和美式英语都称之为 reverse discrimination◆ (disapproving) the court heard arguments that programs to reserve some public works contracts for minorities cause reverse discrimination.法院听审了有关将公共工程合同预留给少数族裔的方案会造成逆向区别对待的论据。 ➡ see also segregation → division 1 , discriminatory → biased ▸ discriminate verb [intransitive] ◆practices that discriminate against women歧视妇女的做法◆it is illegal to discriminate on grounds of race, sex or religion.因种族、性别或宗教信仰而进行歧视是违法的。■ prejudice /predʒudɪs/ [uncountable, countable] (disapproving) an unreasonable dislike or negative attitude towards a particular person or group of people, especially when it is based on their race, religion, sex, etc.（尤指因种族、宗教或性别等而形成的）偏见，成见◆prejudice towards new immigrants meant that many were unable to find work.对新移民的偏见导致他们很多人找不到工作。◆he was just talking out of blind prejudice.他所说的话完全是出于盲目的成见。◆i'm afraid all the debate did was confirm my own prejudices.这次辩论的作用恐怕只是证实了我自己的偏见而已。ⓘ you can also have a prejudice in favour of a particular person or group, but this is less common than its negative meaning. * prejudice 也可表示对特定的个人或群体的偏爱，但不如其否定意义常用◆i must admit to a prejudice in favour of british universities.我得承认我对英国大学有所偏爱。 ➡ see also prejudiced → biased ■ bias /baɪəs/ [uncountable, countable, usually singular] (disapproving) a strong feeling in favour of or against a particular group or side in an argument, often not based on a fair judgement偏见；偏心；偏向◆there is plenty of evidence of gender bias in the classroom.大量证据表明课堂上存在性别偏见。◆employers must consider all candidates without bias.雇主必须毫无成见地考虑所有求职者。◆there is a systematic bias in favour of employers in this country.这个国家体制上存在偏袒雇主的问题。 ➡ see also biased → biased ■ apartheid /əpɑːtaɪt, əpɑːteɪt; name əpɑːrtaɪt, əpɑːrteɪt/ [uncountable] the former political system in south africa in which only white people had full political and social rights and other people, especially black people, were forced to live away from white people, go to separate schools, etc.种族隔离（昔日南非的政治制度）◆under apartheid, white people were not allowed to marry non-white people.种族隔离制度不允许白人与非白人通婚。◆he was jailed for advocating the violent overthrow of the apartheid system.他因倡导武力推翻种族隔离制度而入狱。ⓘ although the apartheid system no longer exists in south africa, the word apartheid is sometimes used about other situations in which one group of people is treated much worse than a more powerful group.虽然种族隔离制度在南非已不复存在，但 apartheid 一词有时会用于某个群体受到严重不公正待遇的其他场合◆ (disapproving) it was a system of educational apartheid in which children were divided, at the age of eleven, into 'achievers' and 'non-achievers'.孩子们在 11 岁时就被划分为成功者和失败者，这是一种教育隔离制度。 ➡ see also segregation → division 1 ■ affirmative action /əfɜːmətɪv; name əfɜːrmətɪv/ [uncountable] (usually approving) (in the us) the policy of giving special treatment or preference to members of groups likely to suffer discrimination, especially on the grounds of race积极区别对待（美国对可能遭受种族歧视的人给予特别照顾的政策）◆the city council implemented the affirmative action hiring plan in response to critics' charges that the police department did not reflect the city's racial make-up.针对警察局的人员构成不能体现该城市种族结构的批评，市政委员会实施了一项积极区别对待的雇用计划。■ intolerance /ɪntɒlərəns; name ɪntɑːlərəns/ [uncountable] (rather formal, disapproving) the refusal to accept ideas or ways of behaving that are different from your own偏执；褊狭；不容异见◆refugees are people whose lives have been shattered by intolerance, persecution, torture and fear of death.所谓难民，就是那些生活已经被偏执、迫害、折磨和对死亡的恐惧所摧毁的人们。 opp tolerance → patience ➡ see also intolerant → biased ■ favouritism (bre) (name favoritism) /feɪvərɪtɪzəm/ [uncountable] (disapproving) a situation in which sb, especially sb in authority, treats one person better than others; the act of doing this偏爱；偏袒◆she tries not to show any favouritism towards her own children.她对自己的孩子尽量不表现出对谁偏心。discrimination /dɪskrɪmɪneɪʃn/ [uncountable] (disapproving) unfair treatment of a particular person or group in society, for example because of their race, sex or religion区别对待；歧视◆this is blatant discrimination against people with disabilities.这是对残疾人的公然歧视。◆our policy forbids discrimination on the grounds of a person's race, sex or sexuality.我们的政策禁止在种族、性别或性取向上加以歧视。◆ (bre, approving) some colleges feel there is a real need for positive discrimination in favour of applicants from poorer backgrounds (= more favourable treatment for that group).有些院校认为确有必要对那些来自较贫困家庭的申请人实行积极的特别照顾。ⓘ in american english this is usually called affirmative action (see below). reverse discrimination, in both british and american english, is the same policy when it is considered to be a bad thing.在美式英语中，这种积极的区别对待通常称作 affirmative action （见下面的分词条）。如果这种区别对待被看作是一件坏事，英式和美式英语都称之为 reverse discrimination◆ (disapproving) the court heard arguments that programs to reserve some public works contracts for minorities cause reverse discrimination.法院听审了有关将公共工程合同预留给少数族裔的方案会造成逆向区别对待的论据。 ➡ see also segregation → division 1 , discriminatory → biased ▸ discriminate verb [intransitive] ◆practices that discriminate against women歧视妇女的做法◆it is illegal to discriminate on grounds of race, sex or religion.因种族、性别或宗教信仰而进行歧视是违法的。discriminationnoun [uncountable] ◆the president has been criticized for his lack of discrimination in his choice of political allies.总统因在选择政治盟友方面缺乏慧眼而受到批评。discriminationnoun [uncountable] ◆the president has been criticized for his lack of discrimination in his choice of political allies.总统因在选择政治盟友方面缺乏慧眼而受到批评。discrimination/dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn ||; dɪˌskrɪməˈneʃən/noun [u]: 1. discrimination (against sb) treating one person or group worse than others 歧视；不公平对待: ◇sexual / racial / religious discrimination 性别╱种族╱宗教歧视◇discrimination against disabled people is illegal. 歧视残疾人是不合法的。 2. (formal 正式) the state of being able see a difference between two people or things 判断（力）: ◇discrimination between right and wrong 判断正确与错误 discriminationsee ⇨ equal/not equal 9 ⇨ unfair 2 di·scrim·i·na·tion /dɪˏskrɪmə`neʃən; dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/n [u] 1. when one group of people is unfairly treated differently from another 歧视，差别对待:◇sex discrimination 性别歧视◇+ against discrimination against disabled people in employment 雇用员工时对残障人士的歧视 2. the ability to know what is of good quality and what is not 辨别力，鉴赏力 ☞ discrimination |
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