| 单词 | dirty |
| 释义 | dirty adjectiveverbs | adverb verbs➤be, feel, look脏；感觉脏；看上去脏▸➤get弄脏（自己）◆go and play football if you like, but don't get dirty!想踢球就去吧，但不要搞得太脏 !➤get sth, make sb/sth弄脏⋯；使⋯脏◆he's not frightened of getting his hands dirty (= doing physical work). (figurative) 他不怕干体力活儿。◆the soot had made everything dirty.煤烟把所有的东西都搞得很脏。adverb➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.极其／相当／非常脏▸➤filthy (informal, bre) , horribly, incredibly脏死了；脏透了；脏得要命◆everything in the room was incredibly dirty.房间里所有东西都脏得要命。➤a little, slightly, etc.有点儿／稍有些脏 dirty /dɜːti; name dɜːrti/ adjective (dirtier, dirtiest) 1.unpleasant or dishonest 不愉快的；不诚实的◆dirty fighting in the boardroom 董事会会议上的明争暗斗◆small airlines have accused the national carrier of using dirty tricks to steal their customers. 小航空公司谴责国有航空公司采用卑劣手段夺走它们的顾客。2.causing pollution ; containing substances that may be harmful 导致污染的；肮脏的◆energy production today relies on dirty fuels, such as coal, oil and gas. 当今的能源生产依赖如煤、石油和天然气等容易导致污染的燃料。 opp clean ●(do sb's) dirty work(to do) the unpleasant or dishonest jobs that sb else does not want to do （从事）没人愿干的事；卑鄙勾当◆they hired an external consultant to do the dirty work of firing people. 他们从外面雇了一个顾问来干解雇员工的脏活。●quick and dirty (informal) quick and dirty methods or systems provide fast, simple solutions to problems but may not last or be effective for a long time 迅速而又简单的；临时应急的☞ dirtydirty adjectivedirty ♦︎ dusty ♦︎ filthy ♦︎ muddy ♦︎ soiled ♦︎ grubby ♦︎ stained ♦︎ messy ♦︎ unwashed ♦︎ grimythese words all describe sb/sth that is not clean.这些词均表示肮脏的。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆dirty / dusty / filthy / muddy / soiled / grubby / stained / unwashed clothes◆dirty / dusty / filthy / grubby / unwashed / grimy hands◆dirty / dusty / filthy / grubby / grimy windows◆a dirty / dusty / filthy room◆a dirty / filthy / messy job◆to look dirty / dusty / grubby / messy / grimy◆to get dirty / dusty / filthy / muddy / stained / messy◆rather dirty / dusty / muddy / grubby / messy / grimy◆a bit dirty / dusty / muddy / grubby / messy◆slightly dirty / dusty / grubby / soiled / stained◆really dirty / dusty / filthy / messy / grimy◆very / extremely dirty / dusty / muddy / messy■ dirty not clean; covered with dust, soil, mud, oil, etc.肮脏的；污秽的；积满尘垢的◆if your hands are dirty, go and wash them.如果你手脏，就去洗一下。◆my thumb had left a dirty mark on the paper.我的拇指在那张纸上留下了污迹。◆try not to get too dirty!尽量别弄得太脏了！◆the soot had made everything dirty.煤烟子把所有东西都给弄脏了。◆i always get given the dirty jobs (= jobs that make you become dirty).让我干的都是些脏活。opp clean → clean adj. ■ dusty full of dust; covered with dust布满灰尘的；灰尘覆盖的◆the room was dark and dusty.那间屋子很黑，还布满了灰尘。◆we tramped for miles down the dusty road.我们在那条尘土飞扬的路上跋涉了好几英里。◆there were shelves full of faded dusty books.那里有一些书架，上面摆满了褪了色且布满灰尘的书。■ filthy /fɪlθi/ very dirty and unpleasant肮脏的；污秽的◆why are the streets so filthy in this part of the city?为什么市里这一区的街道如此肮脏？◆it's absolutely filthy in here.这里肮脏极了。◆there were two beggars dressed in filthy rags.有两个衣衫肮脏褴褛的乞丐。■ muddy full of or covered in mud泥泞的；沾满污泥的◆don't you come in here with those muddy boots on!你别穿着那双沾满污泥的靴子进来！◆we drove along the muddy track.我们沿着那条泥泞的小路驱车前行。◆look, you've made the floor all muddy.瞧，你把地板弄得到处是泥。 ➡ see also mud → soil ■ soiled (rather formal) dirty, especially with waste from the body肮脏的（尤指被人体污物弄脏的）◆she changed the soiled bedding.她更换了那些脏了的寝具。■ grubby (rather informal) rather dirty, usually because it has not been washed（未经清洗）肮脏的，邋遢的，污秽的◆my hands are a bit grubby.我双手有点脏。◆he hoped she wouldn't notice his grubby shirt cuffs.他希望她不会注意到他那污秽的衬衣袖口。■ stained (often in compounds常构成复合词) covered with stains; marked with a stain (= a dirty mark that is difficult to remove) 满是污痕的；有污渍的◆the sheets were old and stained.那些床单旧了，还有污渍。◆the shirt was heavily stained with blood.那件衬衫沾满了血污。◆she was wearing a pair of paint-stained jeans.她穿着一条沾满油漆的牛仔裤。 ➡ see also stain → mark noun ■ messy (rather informal) dirty, especially with sth wet or sticky; that makes sb/sth dirty in this way（尤指湿答答或黏乎乎而）肮脏的；使弄脏的◆the children got really messy painting and gluing.孩子们又是画又是粘，把身上弄得脏兮兮的。◆painting can be a messy job.刷油漆可是种脏活。ⓘ a messy house/room/desk is often untidy rather than dirty. * messy 修饰 house、room 或 desk 时，常指不整洁而不是肮脏。 ➡ see also messy → scruffy , messy → untidy , mess → mess noun 1 ■ unwashed (especially written) that needs to be washed未洗涤的；肮脏的◆the sink was full of unwashed dishes.洗碗槽里堆满了未洗的餐具。◆their clothes were dirty and their hair unwashed.他们衣服脏了，头发也没洗。■ grimy /graɪmi/ dirty, especially with a layer of dust, soil, mud or oil on the surface沾满污垢的；布满灰尘的◆her hands were grimy from changing the car wheel.更换汽车轮胎使她的双手沾满了污垢。dirty [usually before noun] (informal, disapproving) unpleasant or dishonest令人厌恶的；卑鄙的；不诚实的◆you dirty liar!你这个卑鄙的骗子！◆she's a dirty player.她是个没有体育道德的运动员。◆he always gets someone else to do the dirty work for him (= tasks which are unpleasant because they involve being dishonest or unkind to people).他总是让别人替他做卑鄙的勾当。ⓘ collocates of dirty in this meaning include play, player, work and job.表达此义时，dirty 的搭配词有 play、player、work 和 job。▸ dirty adverb◆we would have won if the other team hadn't played dirty (= cheated).要不是对方球队使诈犯规，我们本来能赢的。dirtynot clean; covered with dust, soil, mud, oil, etc.肮脏的；污秽的；积满尘垢的◆if your hands are dirty, go and wash them.如果你手脏，就去洗一下。◆my thumb had left a dirty mark on the paper.我的拇指在那张纸上留下了污迹。◆try not to get too dirty!尽量别弄得太脏了！◆the soot had made everything dirty.煤烟子把所有东西都给弄脏了。◆i always get given the dirty jobs (= jobs that make you become dirty).让我干的都是些脏活。opp clean → clean adj. dirtyadverb◆we would have won if the other team hadn't played dirty (= cheated).要不是对方球队使诈犯规，我们本来能赢的。dirtyadverb◆we would have won if the other team hadn't played dirty (= cheated).要不是对方球队使诈犯规，我们本来能赢的。dirty¹/ˈdɜ:ti ||; ˈdɝtɪ/adj (dirtier;dirtiest) 1. not clean 肮脏的；污秽的: ◇your hands are dirty. go and wash them! 你的手脏，快去洗洗吧！◇gardening is dirty work (= it makes you dirty). 园艺这种活儿会把人弄脏的。 [opp] clean 反义词为clean 2. referring to sex in a way that may upset or offend people 色情的；淫猥的: ◇to tell a dirty joke 说淫猥笑话 3. unpleasant or dishonest 卑鄙的；不老实的: ◇he's a dirty player. 他是个不讲体育道德的球员。◇he doesn't sell the drugs himself -- he gets kids to do his dirty workfor him. 他自己不卖毒品──他让孩子们去为他干这种卑鄙的活儿。 dirty adv a dirty word an idea or thing that you do not like or agree with 不赞同的想法；讨厌的事物: ◇work is a dirty word to frank. 工作对弗兰克来说是个讨厌的词。 play dirty(informal 非正式) to behave or to play a game in an unfair or dishonest way 干卑鄙勾当；（比赛中）犯规伤人dirty²/ˈdɜ:ti ||; ˈdɝtɪ/verb [i,t] (present participle dirtying third person singular present dirties;past tense past participle dirtied) to become or to make sth dirty 变脏；弄脏 [opp] clean 反义词为cleandirty³/ˈdɜ:ti ||; ˈdɝtɪ/advdirty great/big (brit 英) (informal 非正式) used to emphasize how large sth is （用于强调某物之大）: ◇when i turned around he was pointing a dirty great gun at me. 我转过身来，只见他用一支很大的枪对着我。 play dirty(informal 非正式) to behave or play a game in an unfair way 表现卑鄙；干卑鄙的勾当 dirty1 dirty2 very dirty3 dirty and bad for your health4 to make something dirty5 to make something dirty and dangerous6 something that makes things dirtyrelated wordsoppositeclean,see alsowash,mark,1. dirty 肮脏的 dirty /ˈdɜːʳti/ [adjective] not clean 肮脏的 look how dirty your hands are! 看看你的手多脏！ take off those dirty jeans. 把那条脏牛仔裤脱掉。 we were hot and dirty after working in the garden all afternoon. 在花园里干了一整个下午的活之后，我们又热又脏。 do you have any dirty clothes you need me to wash? 你有什么脏衣服需要我洗吗？get dirty become dirty 弄脏 how did the floor get so dirty? 地板怎么弄得这样脏？ muddy /ˈmʌdi/ [adjective] covered in mud 沾满烂泥的；泥泞的 your shoes are really muddy - take them off before you come in. 你的鞋子沾满了烂泥，把它们脱了再进来。 they moved slowly along the muddy footpath. 他们沿着泥泞小道缓慢行进。 she left a trail of muddy footprints behind her. 她身后留下一串泥污的脚印。 dusty /ˈdʌsti/ [adjective] a dusty room, piece of furniture etc is covered in dust, especially because no one has cleaned it or moved it for a long time ［房间、家具等］尘埃覆盖的，积有灰尘的［尤因长时间没有清洁或移动］ the room was dark and dusty. 房间里黑暗暗的，积满了灰尘。 dusty shelves 布满灰尘的架子 the journal was dusty and beginning to fall apart. 这本杂志积满了灰尘，已开始散架了。 greasy /ˈgriːsi, -zi/ [adjective] something that is greasy looks dirty because it has an oily substance on it 油污的，沾油脂的 greasy pots and pans 油腻的锅碗瓢盆 dick wiped his hands on a greasy rag. 迪克在一块油腻的破布上抹手。 her long greasy hair hung down to her shoulders. 她那油腻腻的长发披落在肩头。 grubby /ˈgrʌbi/ [adjective] something that is grubby is fairly dirty, usually because it has been used a lot and not washed 脏的［因使用次数多而未加洗涤］ he blew his nose with a grubby handkerchief. 他用一块脏手帕擤鼻子。 her coat was grubby and one of the sleeves was torn. 她的外套很脏，一个袖子也撕破了。 from his back pocket robert took out a grubby scrap of paper. 罗伯特从后边口袋里掏出一小片脏纸片。 grimy /ˈgraɪmi/ [adjective] something that is grimy has a covering of dirt on its surface, especially because it has not been cleaned for a long time 满是污垢的，肮脏的［尤因长期未洗］ chris was in a grimy apron, sweeping up. 克丽丝穿了件肮脏的围裙进行打扫。 the whole town was grimy from smoke and coal-dust. 整个小镇都因烟雾和煤尘飞扬而肮脏不堪。 it was difficult to see through the grimy windows of the cafe. 这家小餐馆的窗户上积满了灰尘，很难通过它看出去。 mucky /ˈmʌki/ [adjective] especially british, informal dirty 【尤英，非正式】肮脏的；龌龊的 don't wear your best shoes -- you'll only get them all mucky. 不要穿你最好的鞋—你只会把它弄得肮脏不堪。 the cafeteria was self-service, and guests had to carry their food on little plastic trays to mucky tables. 这是家自助餐厅，顾客得自己把食物放在塑料小托盘里端到肮脏的桌子上。2. very dirty 很脏的 filthy /ˈfɪlθi/ [adjective] extremely dirty 极脏的，污秽的 the inside of the oven was filthy. 烤箱的内壁很脏。 we didn't go swimming because the water looked filthy. 我们没去游泳，因为那水看来太脏了。 filthy sheets 污秽的床单absolutely filthy you ought to wash that sweatshirt - it's absolutely filthy. 你该洗洗那件长袖运动衫了，它脏得不像话了。 foul /faʊl/ [adjective] very dirty - use this especially about air or water 污浊的，肮脏不堪的［尤指空气或水］ the foul air of the factory 那家工厂的污浊空气 a foul haze of pollution hung over the city. 城市上空悬浮着一层污染形成的肮脏烟雾。 squalid /ˈskwɒlɪd, ˈskwɒlədǁˈskwɑː-/ [adjective] very dirty and unpleasant - use this about the place or conditions in which someone lives ［指居住的地方或环境］非常肮脏的 dalmer lived in a squalid little room above a shop. 戴尔默居住在一家小商店楼上的一间极脏的小房间里。 her childhood was spent in the squalid slums east of the city. 她的童年是在城市东部的肮脏贫民窟内度过的。squalid conditions after the squalid conditions of the refugee camps even this place seems preferable. 在难民营的肮脏环境下生活过后，就连这个地方似乎也不算太差了。3. dirty and bad for your health 航脏的并对健康有害的 unhygienic /ˌʌnhaɪˈdʒiːnɪk◂ǁ-ˈdʒen-, -ˈdʒiːn-/ [adjective] likely to cause disease - use this about dirty conditions in kitchens, restaurants, and hospitals 不卫生的［指厨房、餐厅、医院等肮脏的环境］ it is unhygienic to store raw meat at that temperature. 在那种温度下存放生肉是不卫生的。 hospital cleaners were criticized for the unhygienic conditions of the central kitchens. 医院清洁工因中央厨房的卫生条件不佳而受到批评。 polluted /pəˈluːtɪd, pəˈluːtəd/ [adjective] water or air that is polluted has a lot of harmful waste or poisonous chemicals in it ［水或空气］受污染的 sayers said that if he's elected his administration will make a priority of cleaning up the region's polluted rivers. 塞耶斯说如果他当选，他领导的政府将把清理该地区的受污染河流列为优先处理的事。 central london is the most polluted spot in britain. 伦敦市中心是全英国受污染最严重的地区。polluted with/by large parts of the mediterranean are still polluted with toxic waste. 地中海的大部分海域仍受到有毒废弃物的污染。heavily polluted very badly polluted 严重污染 the air was heavily polluted with exhaust fumes. 这里的空气被废气严重污染了。 contaminated /kənˈtæmɪneɪtəd, kənˈtæməneɪtəd/ [adjective] food, water, or land that is contaminated is not safe to use or be in because dangerous chemicals or bacteria have come into it ［食物、水、土地等］被弄脏的，受污染的 contaminated drinking water 受污染的饮用水contaminated with/by several people became ill after eating hamburger meat contaminated with the e.coli bacteria. 有几个人在食用了受大肠杆菌污染的汉堡包肉之后生病了。heavily contaminated very badly contaminated 严重污染 the soil around the plant is heavily contaminated. 该厂周围的土壤受到严重污染。 insanitary /ɪnˈsænɪtəri, ɪnˈsænətəriǁ-teri/ [adjective] insanitary conditions are dirty and likely to cause disease, especially because there is no effective way of getting rid of waste 不卫生的，有害健康的［尤因没有有效方法除污］ amnesty claims the prisoners are being kept in overcrowded and insanitary conditions. 大赦国际声称这些囚犯的关押条件过于拥挤，很不卫生。4. to make something dirty 把某物弄脏 get something dirty /ˌget something ˈdɜːʳti/ [verb phrase] use this especially in negative statements 把某物弄脏［尤用于否定句］ try not to get the floor dirty. 别弄脏地板。 i don't want to get my new shoes dirty. 我不想把新鞋弄脏了。 dirty /ˈdɜːʳti/ [transitive verb] to make something dirty, especially clothes 把［某物，尤指衣服］弄脏 you can borrow my gloves, but please try not to dirty them. 你可以借我的手套，不过请尽量不要把它们弄脏。 as he stood on the pavement, muddy water splashed up and dirtied his trousers. 他站在人行道上时，泥浆水溅起来弄脏了他的裤子。 soil /sɔɪl/ [transitive verb] formal to make clothes, sheets, etc dirty, especially with sweat, waste from your body, or other liquids 【正式】使［衣服、被单等］沾上污垢；弄脏［尤指汗、身上的污垢或其他液体］ the baby had soiled her diaper again. 婴儿又弄脏尿布了。 his shirtfront was soiled with blood and his hair was wild. 他的衬衫前胸沾着血迹，而且头发蓬乱。 many of the pages had been soiled by the old man's dirty fingers. 许多书页都被老人的脏手指弄脏了。5. to make something dirty and dangerous 把某物弄脏并使其变得危险 pollute /pəˈluːt/ [transitive verb] to make air, water, the ground etc dirty by putting chemicals or waste products into it, so that it is unsafe for use by people or animals 污染［空气、水、土地等］ an investigation revealed that the mine was polluting both the air and the groundwater. 调查显示该煤矿污染了空气和地下水。 the company is charged with polluting the river mersey by allowing crude oil to enter the river. 该公司因任由其原油流入默西河对其造成污染而遭检控。pollute something with something the factory explosion, which polluted the surrounding area with dioxin, was reportedly caused by negligence. 据报道，该工厂发生的爆炸事故是因疏忽造成的，这次事故使工厂附近地区受到二恶英污染。 contaminate /kənˈtæmɪneɪt, kənˈtæməneɪt/ [transitive verb] to accidentally make a place or a substance dirty and dangerous by adding something to it, for example chemicals or bacteria 污染［某地方或某物质，因偶然加了化学物或细菌］ lead pipes can contaminate drinking water. 铅管会污染饮用水。 the food was contaminated during the production process. 这食物在生产过程中受到了污染。 contamination /kənˌtæmɪˈneɪʃən, kənˌtæməˈneɪʃən/ [uncountable noun] contamination of air, food and water 空气、食物和水的污染6. something that makes things dirty 使某物变脏的东西 dirt /dɜːʳt/ [uncountable noun] dust, mud, or anything else that makes things dirty 灰尘；尘垢；污物；泥 why is there dirt all over the back seat of the car? 为什么汽车后座上到处是尘垢？ she swept the dirt off the back porch. 她把后门廊上的灰尘扫掉。 he took off his glasses, which were covered with dirt. 他摘下沾满灰尘的眼镜。speck of dirt small piece of dirt 污点 the rooms were cleaned until every speck of dirt and grit was gone. 那些房间打扫得一尘不染。 dust /dʌst/ [uncountable noun] dry powder that forms a layer on furniture, floors, clothes etc, especially when they have not been cleaned or moved for a long time ［家具、地板、衣服等上的］尘埃，灰尘［尤因长时间没有清理或移动］ max brushed the dust off his coat. 马克斯把外套上的灰尘刷去。layer of dust there was a thick layer of dust on the furniture. 家具上有一层厚厚的灰。 mud /mʌd/ [uncountable noun] wet earth that sticks to your shoes, clothes, car, tyres etc ［鞋、衣服、汽车、轮胎等上的］烂泥，泥土 there's mud all over the carpet. 地毯上到处是泥土。 hayley scraped the dried mud off her boots. 海利把干泥从皮靴上刮去。 their expensive riding jackets were covered in mud. 他们昂贵的骑马服上全是烂泥。 pollution /pəˈluːʃən/ [uncountable noun] the harmful effects on water, air, or land of chemicals and waste from factories, cars, modern farming methods etc ［指工厂、汽车、现代耕作方法等的化学品或废物对水、空气或土地的］污染；污染物 industrial pollution has killed much of the river's wildlife. 工业污染把这条河中的许多野生生物都毒死了。 pollution from cars is the main cause of global warming. 汽车尾气污染是造成全球性气候变暖的主要原因。 the convention, signed by the six states bordering the black sea, aims to reduce current pollution levels. 黑海周边六国签署的这份公约旨在降低目前的污染程度。 muck /mʌk/ [uncountable noun] british informal dirt or mud 【英，非正式】尘垢；污垢 i'll just clean the muck off the windscreen and wing mirrors. 我这就把挡风玻璃和后视镜上的尘垢擦掉。be covered in muck his hands and fingernails were filthy, his face and legs covered in muck. 他的双手和指甲肮脏不堪，脸上腿上沾满了污垢。 grime /graɪm/ [uncountable noun] thick, dark dirt that covers a surface over a period of time and is difficult to remove ［表面难以去除的］污垢 on one wall of the entryway hangs a large oil painting, covered with grime. 通道的一面墙上挂着一幅大型油画，画上布满了污垢。 his hands were black with grime from working on the car. 他修车弄得双手满是墨黑的污垢。☞ dirty¹☞ dirty² |
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