| 单词 | common |
| 释义 | common adjective¹ 1happening/found often常发生；常见verbs | adverb | preposition verbs➤be, seem普通；好像寻常▸➤become变得普通▸➤remain仍然普通adverb➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.极其／相当／非常普通◆these problems now seem fairly common.这些问题现在看起来很普通了。➤increasingly越来越普通preposition➤among, in在⋯当中很普遍◆stomach pain is very common in children.肚子痛在儿童当中很常见。common adjective² 2shared共享verbs | preposition | phrases verbs➤be共有preposition➤to⋯共有的◆this attitude is common to most young men in the armed services.这种态度在大多数年轻军人中很普遍。phrases➤have sth in common共有⋯◆jane and i have nothing in common.简和我毫无共同之处。◆i have nothing in common with jane.我和简没有任何共同之处。◆the two cultures have a lot in common.这两种文化有很多相同之处。➤hold sth in common共同拥有⋯◆they hold the property as tenants in common (= they share it).他们是这一房产的共同承租人。➤in common with (especially bre) 与⋯一样◆india, in common with (= like) many other countries, has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.像其他许多国家一样，印度在过去 100 年里经历了重大变化。common adjective³ 3 (bre) showing a lack of education显得缺少教养verbs | adverb verbs➤be, seem, sound庸俗；好像低俗；听起来粗俗◆i wish you wouldn't use that word－it sounds so common.我希望你不要用那个词 － 听起来真粗俗。adverb➤very非常粗俗▸➤a bit, rather, slightly有点儿粗俗；有些粗俗◆i don't like sandra. she seems a little common to me.我不喜欢桑德拉，我觉得她似乎有点儿庸俗。 common adjectivecommon ♦︎ public ♦︎ joint ♦︎ collective ♦︎ popular ♦︎ communal ♦︎ cooperativethese words all describe sth that is shared by or involves a number of people.这些词均表示共有的、共享的、公共的。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆common / public / joint / collective / communal property◆common / public / communal land◆common / joint / collective / communal ownership / responsibility◆a common / joint / collective / communal / cooperative enterprise◆a joint / collective / communal / cooperative effort◆joint / collective / communal / cooperative action◆a joint / collective / communal decision◆common / collective / popular opinion■ common [usually before noun] shared by or belonging to two or more people or by the people in a group共有的；共享的；共同的◆they share a common interest in photography.他们在摄影方面兴趣相投。◆this decision was taken for the common good (= the advantage of everyone).作出这个决定是为了共同的利益。◆it is, by common consent, scotland's prettiest coast (= everyone agrees that it is).这是苏格兰公认的最美的海岸。◆some basic features are common to all human languages.有些基本特征是所有人类语言共有的。■ public [only before noun] provided, especially by the government, for the use of people in general公共的；公立的◆ (bre) there is a desperate need to improve public transport in the city.这座城市亟须改进公共交通。◆ (name) public transportation公共交通◆the information is available in any public library.该信息可以在任何公共图书馆查到。◆he was charged with destroying public property.他被指控破坏公共财产。opp private → own ■ joint [only before noun] involving or shared by two or more people together联合的；共同的◆they were joint owners of the house.他们共同拥有这栋房子。◆we opened a joint account when we got married.我们结婚时开了一个联合账户。◆they divorced two years ago, but he has joint custody of the children (= he shares care of the children with his ex-wife).他们两年前离婚了，但是他对孩子有共同监护权。◆they finished in joint first place.他们获得并列第一。opp separate → particular ▸ jointly adverb◆the event was organized jointly by students and staff.这个活动是师生共同组织的。■ collective /kəlektɪv/ [usually before noun] done or shared by all members of a group of people; involving a whole group or society; used to refer to all members of a group集体的；共同的；全体成员的；总称的◆mps heaved a collective sigh of relief when the news was announced last night.昨晚消息发布时，下院议员一起如释重负地松了口气。◆the austerities of wartime europe were still fresh in the collective memory (= memories shared by the whole of society).战时欧洲的艰苦生活在公众的集体记忆中仍然鲜活。◆the collective name for mast, boom and sails on a boat is the 'rig'.船的桅杆、帆桁和帆统称为“索具”。opp individual → particular ▸ collectively adverb◆we have had a successful year, both collectively and individually.我们这一年很成功，无论是对集体还是对个人而言。■ popular [only before noun](of ideas, beliefs and opinions) shared by a large number of people（观念、信仰、意见）普遍的，大众的，流行的◆by popular demand, the tour has been extended by two weeks.应大家要求，这次旅行延长了两周。◆contrary to popular belief, women cause fewer road accidents than men.与普遍的看法相左，女性交通肇事比男性少。▸ popularly adverb◆a popularly held belief多数人持有的看法■ communal /kəmjuːnl, kɒmjənl; name kɑːmjənl/ shared by, or for the use of, a number of people, especially people who live together（尤指居住在一起的人）共享的，共有的，共用的◆as a student i tried communal living for a few years.当学生时我尝试过几年集体生活。◆he led me down the corridor to the communal kitchen.他带我走过通往共用厨房的过道。opp individual → own , separate → particular ▸ communally adverb◆the property was owned communally.该财产属集体所有。■ cooperative (bre also co-operative) /kəʊɒpərətɪv; name koʊɑːpərətɪv/ [usually before noun] involving people or groups doing sth together or working together towards a shared aim合作的；协作的；同心协力的◆cooperative activity is essential to effective community work.要把社区工作做好，协作活动是必不可少的。◆this is a cooperative venture with the university of copenhagen.这是与哥本哈根大学的一个合作项目。 common [usually before noun] shared by or belonging to two or more people or by the people in a group共有的；共享的；共同的◆they share a common interest in photography.他们在摄影方面兴趣相投。◆this decision was taken for the common good (= the advantage of everyone).作出这个决定是为了共同的利益。◆it is, by common consent, scotland's prettiest coast (= everyone agrees that it is).这是苏格兰公认的最美的海岸。◆some basic features are common to all human languages.有些基本特征是所有人类语言共有的。 commonhappening often; existing in large numbers or in many places常见的；通常的；普遍的◆jones and davies are common welsh names.琼斯和戴维斯是常见的威尔士人名。◆the fungus is a common sight in woodlands at this time of year.这种真菌每年这个时节在林地中随处可见。◆it's a common enough situation, i know.我知道这是一种很常见的情况。opp rare , uncommon → rare ➡ see also commonly → usually common [countable] an area of open land in a town or village that anyone may use公共用地；公地◆we went for a walk on the common.我们在公地上散步。◆wimbledon common covers an area of 1 200 acres.温布尔登公地占地 1 200 英亩。 common [only before noun] not unusual or special in any way; ordinary普通的；平常的；平凡的◆i wanted a recording of the common cuckoo.我想要常见的布谷鸟叫声的录音。◆oats were the staple food of the common people (= the majority of the population, who are not rich).燕麦是平民百姓的主食。◆in most people's eyes she was nothing more than a common criminal.在多数人的眼里她只不过是个普通的罪犯。◆polite letters of rejection are a matter of common courtesy.写信婉言谢绝属于起码的礼貌。ⓘ common has the same meaning as ordinary, but is mostly used in a fixed number of different ways. it describes animals or plants that are of the most usual type and not rare or unusual in any way * common 与 ordinary 同义，但主要用于几种固定的用法。common 可描述最常见的动物或植物，不稀罕，也不特别◆common gulls / frogs / ragwort常见的海鸥／青蛙／狗舌草it describes people who have no special rank or position可描述无特殊头衔或职位的人◆common people / soldiers / criminals平民百姓；普通的士兵／罪犯and it describes good qualities of a sort or level that you expect most people to have.可描述你期待多数人会有的好品质◆common courtesy / decency起码的礼貌／礼节 ➡ see also common sense → wisdom common [not usually before noun] (bre, disapproving, often humorous) typical of sb from a low social class and lacking good manners or culture地位低的；粗俗的；庸俗的◆she thought he was very common and uneducated.她觉得他很粗俗、没教养。◆he's as common as muck, but he's got a lot of posh friends.他是个普通人，却结交了不少上流社会的朋友。ⓘ to describe sb as common is now mostly considered to be snobbish (= showing that you think you are better than other people because of your high social class) and it is mostly used humorously.如今，用 common 形容人多被认为是势利的，现多用于幽默。 opp posh → aristocratic common¹/ˈkɒmən ||; ˈkɑmən/adj1. happening or found often or in many places; usual 常见的；普遍的: ◇pilot error is the commonest/most common cause of plane crashes. 飞机失事最常见的原因是驾驶不当。◇the daisy is a common wild flower. 雏菊是一种常见的野花。 [opp] uncommon 反义词为uncommon 2. common (to sb/sth) shared by or belonging to two or more people or groups; shared by most or all people 共同的；共通的: ◇this type of behaviour is common to most children of that age. 那个年纪的小孩大多有这种行为。◇we have a common interest in gardening. 我们都喜欢园艺。 3. (onlybeforea noun 只用于名词前) not special; ordinary 普通的；一般的: ◇the officers had much better living conditions than the common soldiers. 军官的生活条件要比普通士兵好得多。 4. (brit 英) (informal 非正式) having or showing a lack of education 粗鄙；没有教养: ◇don't speak like that. it's common! 不要这样说话，这太没有教养。 be common/public knowledge→knowledgecommon²/ˈkɒmən ||; ˈkɑmən/noun [c] an area of open land that anyone can use 公用地 have sth in common (with sb/sth) to share sth with sb/sth else 有共通之处: ◇to have a lot in common with sb 与某人有很多共通之处 in common with sb/sth(formal 正式) in the same way as sb/sth else; like sb/sth 跟…一样: ◇this company, in common with many others, is losing a lot of money. 这家公司跟其他许多公司一样亏损严重。 common1 when there are a lot of something2 when something happens a lotrelated wordsoppositerare/rarely,unusual,see alsousually,lot,often,typical,conventional/unconventional,normal/ordinary,unusual,special,1. when there are a lot of something 有许多某事物 common /ˈkɒmənǁˈkɑː-/ [adjective] if something is common, there are a lot of them and they are not unusual 普遍的；常见的 jones is a very common name in great britain. 琼斯在英国是个很常见的姓。 foxes are common in the area. 在这个地区狐狸很常见。 personal computers are nearly as common in american homes as televisions. 在美国人家里，个人电脑几乎同电视机一样普及。 be everywhere /biː ˈevriweəʳ/ [verb phrase] to be extremely common and be seen in many different places 到处都有；处处可见 images of the dictator were everywhere. 独裁者的塑像处处可见。 microchips seem to be everywhere these days -- even in washing machines. 如今，微芯片似乎无所不在—甚至连洗衣机里也有。 one of the first things you notice in beijing are the bicycles - they're everywhere. 在北京，你最先注意到的东西中就有自行车——它们无处不在。 commonplace /ˈkɒmənpleɪsǁˈkɑː-/ [adjective not before noun] things that are commonplace exist in large numbers so that they are not considered to be special or unusual even though in other places they may be much less common ［相对于其他地方而言］不足为奇的，平凡的，普通的 superstores such as wal-mart are now commonplace in america's small towns. 如今，在美国的小城镇，沃尔玛等大型超市已不足为奇了。 expensive foreign cars are commonplace in this chicago suburb. 在芝加哥的这个郊区，昂贵的进口汽车相当常见。 be ten a penny british /be a dime a dozen american /biː ˌten ə ˈpeni, biː ə ˌdaɪm ə ˈdʌzən/ [verb phrase] informal to be very common in a particular area and therefore not be considered special or unusual 【非正式】多得不值钱，不稀罕 jobs like this are a dime a dozen. 这种工作不稀罕。 2. when something happens a lot 某事经常发生 common /ˈkɒmənǁˈkɑː-/ [adjective] happening often or in a lot of places 普遍的，常见的 it's a common mathematical error. 这是个常见的数学错误。 petty theft and pickpocketing are becoming increasingly common in the city centre. 小偷小摸在市中心日益猖獗。 many of the more common forms of cancer can be treated successfully if detected early. 如果发现得早，许多较常见的癌症是可以治愈的。common among the condition is most common among women aged 18 to 24. 这种情况在18至24岁的女性中最常见。it is common for something to happen/somebody to do something it's very common for older children to feel jealous after the birth of a baby. 孩子出生后，哥哥姐姐产生嫉妒心理是很常见的。 commonly [adverb] computers are now commonly used in language learning. 如今，电脑广泛应用于语言学习。 widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ [adjective] happening in a lot of places or done by a lot of people 广泛的，普遍的 racism is much more widespread than people imagine. 种族主义比人们想象的更加普遍。 the report claimed that the problem of police brutality was widespread. 该报告称警方的暴行普遍存在。 thanks to the widespread availability of antibiotics diseases such as typhoid have largely been eradicated. 多亏抗生素的普及，伤寒等疾病在很大程度上已经消灭了。 commonplace /ˈkɒmənpleɪsǁˈkɑː-/ [adjective not before noun] happening very often, and therefore not considered to be special or unusual 不足为奇的，普通的 nudism on beaches has long been commonplace in europe. 欧洲海滩上的裸体主义早就很常见了。 organ transplants are now commonplace. 器官移植如今很平常。increasingly commonplace it used to be rare to see young people sleeping on the streets of london -- these days it's become increasingly commonplace. 以前很少见到年轻人露宿伦敦街头—如今这种现象越来越普遍了。 be rife /biː ˈraɪf/ [verb phrase] if bad behaviour such as stealing or violence is rife in a particular area it happens very often there ［某地偷窃或暴力等坏行为普遍，成风 political corruption was rife in those days. 那时政治腐败成风。something is rife with something a place like hollywood is always rife with gossip. 好莱坞那种地方常常谣言满天飞。 the schools are rife with drug abuse. 学校里吸毒现象很普遍。 prevalent /ˈprevələnt/ [adjective] formal a problem, idea, or type of behaviour that is prevalent in one place, time, or group of people is common there 【正式】［问题、想法或行为］普遍的，流行的，盛行的 flu is most prevalent during the winter months. 冬季，感冒最为流行。 depression remains one of the most prevalent health disorders in the us. 在美国，抑郁症是最普遍的疾病之一。 this belief is more prevalent among men than women. 这种想法在男人中间要比在女人中间更普遍。 pervasive /pəʳˈveɪsɪv/ [adjective] problems, behaviour, or situations that are pervasive are very common and are spreading to more and more people or areas so that they are impossible to prevent ［问题、行为或情况］蔓延的；遍布的；普遍的 violence and crime are pervasive features of city life. 暴力和犯罪是城市生活的普遍特征。 she argues that sexual discrimination remains a pervasive element in corporate culture. 她论证说，性别歧视在公司文化中仍旧普遍存在。all-pervasive extremely pervasive 极其广泛 the all-pervasive influence of television 电视的无孔不入的影响☞ common¹☞ common² |
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