| 单词 | standard |
| 释义 | standard noun¹ 1level of quality质量等级adjective | verb + standard | preposition | phrases adjective➤high高水平▸➤low, poor低水平；糟糕的质量▸➤certain, minimum某个／最低水平◆players have to be of a certain standard to compete in the tournament.选手们必须达到一定水平才能参加锦标赛。➤acceptable, adequate, decent, proper, reasonable可接受的／足够的／尚可的／适当的／合理的水平◆we must ensure proper standards of care for the elderly.我们必须确保老年人得到适当的照料。◆a decent standard of living体面的生活水平➤improved, rising业已改善的／正在提高的水平➤new新标准◆he set a new standard of excellence in detective fiction.他为优秀侦探小说设立了新标准。➤current, modern目前的／现代的标准◆the houses need to be brought up to modern standards.房屋需要提高到现代标准。➤historical历史水平▸➤clear明确的标准▸➤objective客观标准◆judged by any objective standards, the campaign was a disaster.不论从哪个客观标准看，这次活动都是一场灾难。➤accepted, official, required (especially bre) 采用的／官方的／规定的标准▸➤conventional, usual一般／通常标准▸➤common, consistent, uniform, universal常见／一贯／统一／通用标准◆they will adopt common standards for dealing with asylum applications.他们将采用通常标准处理避难申请。➤exacting, rigorous, strict, stringent严格的标准；苛刻的标准➤gold (figurative) 黄金标准◆charles schulz's 'peanuts' is the gold standard for comic strips.查尔斯・舒尔茨的《花生漫画》是连环漫画的黄金标准。◆the newspaper has to offer a gold standard for journalistic integrity.报界必须提出新闻诚信的黄金标准。➤professional专业（化）标准◆the work has been done to a professional standard.这项工作已经达到了专业水准。➤federal, international, national, state (name) 联邦标准；国际标准；国家标准；州标准▸➤quality质量标准◆we have to try and achieve the quality standards set by the project.我们必须努力达到项目要求的质量标准。➤qualifying资格标准；入选标准◆the olympic qualifying standard has been set at 64.50 m.奥运会的参赛资格标准定在 64.50 米。➤living生活水平◆the region enjoys the highest living standards in asia.该地区的生活水平为全亚洲最高。➤accounting, journalistic, labour/labor, legal, safety, security, trading (bre) , etc.会计标准、新闻标准、劳工标准、法律标准、安全标准、贸易标准等▸➤academic, educational, environmental, health, performance, technical, etc.学术、教育、环境、卫生、性能、技术等标准➤industry行业标准◆the product has become an industry standard.这一产品已经成为行业标准。➤emission, emissions排放标准◆the bill established new emissions standards for cars sold in the state.法案制订了在本州交易的汽车的新排放标准。verb + standard➤have有⋯标准◆the agency has very high standards.这家机构的标准很高。➤boast, enjoy有⋯水准；到达⋯水平▸➤define, develop, establish, set确定标准；形成标准；制订标准▸➤achieve, be up to, live up to, meet, reach达到标准；符合标准◆the factory is struggling to meet national environmental standards.这家工厂正竭力争取达到国家环境标准。◆she has reached an acceptable standard of english.她的英语水平已经说得过去了。➤bring sth up to使⋯达到标准▸➤fall short of达不到标准◆the hotel service fell short of the usual standard.这家宾馆的服务不符合通常标准。➤apply, enforce, provide实施／实行／规定⋯标准◆it's impossible to apply the same academic standards across the country.不可能在全国范围内执行同一个学术标准。➤judge sb/sth by用标准评判⋯▸➤improve, raise改进／提高标准▸➤lower降低标准▸➤maintain, sustain维持／保持标准preposition➤above (the) standard, below (the) standard符合／不符合标准◆your work is below standard.你的工作不达标。➤according to a/the standard, by... standards根据⋯标准；用⋯标准衡量◆by today's standards, he isn't a particularly fast runner.依照现在的标准来看，他算不上跑得特别快。➤to a...standard达到⋯标准◆the building work had not been completed to a satisfactory standard.这项建筑工程没有达到令人满意的水平。➤up to standard达到标准◆we need to bring our computer system up to standard.我们得让计算机系统达到标准。➤standard in⋯方面的规范◆standards in safety安全规范phrases➤by any standard不论以什么标准◆she's a great violinist by any standard.无论用什么标准评价，她都是一位伟大的小提琴家。➤by the standards of the day依照当时的标准◆the army was massive by the standards of the day.照当时的标准来看，那支军队规模很大。➤a drop in the standard, a fall in the standard标准的降低／下滑◆there has been a drop in the standard of health care.医保水平有所降低。➤an increase in the standard, a rise in the standard标准的上升／提高◆there has been an increase in the standard of service provided.所提供服务的水准有所提高。➤a standard of living生活水平◆the fall in their standard of living他们生活水平的下降standard noun² 2(usually standards) acceptable level of conduct可接受的行为标准adjective | verb + standard | standard + verb | phrases adjective➤declining, falling每况愈下的行为规范◆my grandparents are always complaining about falling moral standards.我的祖父母总是抱怨世风日下。➤double双重标准◆the double standard frequently encountered in 19th-century attitudes to sex19 世纪在对待性的态度上经常遇到的双重标准➤ethical, moral伦理／道德规范verb + standard➤prescribe规定行为准则▸➤keep up, maintain坚持原则▸➤improve, raise提高行为规范standard + verb➤drop, fall标准下降；道德水准沦落phrases➤standards of behaviour/behavior, standards of conduct行为准则▸➤standard of care护理标准standard adjectiveverbs | adverb verbs➤be, be fitted as, come as标准；作为标准配置安装；符合标准◆anti-lock brakes come as standard.防抱死刹车装置是标准配置。➤become变得符合标准adverb➤almost几乎算是符合标准◆the stations were built to a simple, almost standard design.车站都是按照同一个简单的近于标准化的设计建成的。➤fairly, pretty, relatively相当／颇为／相对标准◆a fairly standard method of assessing employees相当标准的员工评价方法standard /stændəd; name -dərd/ noun1. [countable, uncountable] a level of quality that is expected or required 标准；规格◆when it first appeared, this vehicle set new standards for safety. 这款车刚上市时，确立了新的安全标准。◆we offer the highest standards of customer care. 我们向顾客提供最高的服务水准。◆the standard of the applications for the post is very low. 申请这一职位的门槛很低。◆falling standards of service 下滑的服务标准⨁ to establish / set standards设立标准 ⨁ to achieve / meet / reach a standard达到标准 ⨁ to improve / raise standards提高标准 ⨁ a high / low / minimum standard高／低／最低标准 2. [countable] an official rule used when producing sth; a unit of measurement that is officially used 技术规范；法定生产标准；法定度量衡标准◆the government aims to increase recycling by introducing tougher industry standards. 政府的目标是通过引进更为严格的工业标准，提高回收再利用。◆for measuring shipments, the international standard is teu. 用于计算载货量的国际标准是标准箱。⨁ to apply / enforce / set / tighten / use a standard申请／强制执行／设定／加强／采用标准 3. [countable] something that most people who do a particular job use 标准；基准；水准◆the manual is the industry standard for health and safety. 这本手册是健康与安全的行业基准。◆the wages are low by today's standards. 按照今天的水准来说，这个工资很低。 accounting standard ◇ gold standard ◇ international labour standards ◇ open standard ◇ trading standards standard /stændəd; name -dərd/ adjective1. average or normal rather than having special or unusual features 一般的；标准的；正常的◆a standard letter was sent to all candidates. 向所有应征者都发了一封格式公函。◆our standard terms and conditions apply to all our products. 我们的标准条件适用于所有产品。◆all these pcs come with wireless keyboard and mouse as standard. 所有这些个人电脑都带有标配无线键盘和鼠标。2. [usually before noun] following a particular standard that is set, for example, by an industry 标准的；按一定规格制作的◆standard sizes of clothes 标准尺码的服装◆i couldn't open the file as it wasn't in a standard format. 我无法打开那个文件，因为它没有采用标准格式。3. [only before noun] used by most people who are studying a particular subject 权威性的◆this has become the standard book on marketing. 这本书已经成为营销学的权威著作。 ➡ non-standard ☞ standard☞ standardstandard [countable, usually plural] a level of quality that is normal or acceptable for a particular person or in a particular situation（正常）水平；（应有的）标准，水准◆no matter how hard i tried i could never reach their standards.无论怎样努力，我总是达不到他们的标准。◆you'd better lower your standards if you want to find somewhere cheap to live.要想找个便宜的地方住，你最好降低标准。◆i don't know if it's up to your standards.我不知道这是否符合你的标准。◆it was a simple meal, by eddie's standards.按埃迪的标准，那不过是顿便饭。◆the equipment was slow and heavy by modern standards.按现代标准，这设备又缓慢又笨重。standard [countable, uncountable] a level of quality, especially one that people generally think is acceptable（品质的）标准，水平，规范◆there are real concerns about falling standards in schools.人们对学校办学水平下降深感忧虑。◆a number of britain's beaches fail to meet european standards on cleanliness.英国有几处海滩不符合欧洲的清洁标准。◆who sets the standard for water quality?水质标准由谁来定？◆sb's standard of living某人的生活水准◆living standards生活水平◆her work is not up to standard (= of a good enough standard).她的工作不合格。standardof the usual type, without special or unusual features普通的；正常的；标准的◆pizza dough is oilier than standard bread dough.比萨饼面团比普通的面包面团含油多。◆calls will be charged at the standard rate.电话费将按标准资费收取。◆the rifle was standard issue for the british army before the first world war.步枪是第一次世界大战前英国陆军的标准装备。◆all vehicles come with a catalytic converter as standard.所有汽车出售时通常都配有催化转化器。opp non-standard → abnormal standard¹/ˈstændəd ||; ˈstændɚd/noun[c] 1. a level of quality 水平；水平: ◇we complained about the low standard of service in the hotel. 我们投诉那家旅馆服务水平低劣。◇this work is not up to your usual standard. 这个作品比不上你平常的水平。 2. a level of quality that you compare sth else with 标准: ◇ by european standardsthis is a very expensive city. 以欧洲的标准来说，这个城市的生活费很高。◇he is a brilliant player by any standard. 以任何标准衡量，他都是个出色的运动员。 3. [usu.pl] a level of behaviour that is morally acceptable 道德标准: ◇many people are worried about falling standards in modern society. 许多人为现代社会道德水平日趋低落而感到忧心。 standard²/ˈstændəd ||; ˈstændɚd/adj1. normal or average; not special or unusual 一般的；普通的: ◇he's got long arms, so standard sizes of shirt don't fit him. 他手臂长，因此穿普通尺寸的衬衫不称身。 2. that people generally accept as normal and correct 规范的；标准的: ◇standard english 规范英语 standardsee ⇨ good 7 ⇨ judge 7 ⇨ level 2 ⇨ normal/ordinary 1 • • •• ⇨ of a higher standard/of higher quality☞ standard¹☞ standard² |
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