| 单词 | lack |
| 释义 | lack nounadjective | preposition | phrases adjective➤profound, serious, severe严重的缺乏➤conspicuous, distinct, notable, noticeable, obvious, remarkable明显缺乏；显而易见的不足◆there was a distinct lack of urgency in his manner.他的做事方式明显缺乏紧迫感。➤apparent, perceived, seeming表面上的／察觉到的／外表上的缺乏▸➤complete, sheer, total, utter完全缺乏◆a complete lack of confidence完全缺乏信心➤general, overall普遍／总体缺乏◆a general lack of knowledge among the young年轻人当中普遍存在的知识匮乏➤relative相对缺乏preposition➤by lack of因为缺乏◆the situation was worsened by lack of communication.因为缺乏沟通，情况越来越糟。➤for lack of因为缺乏◆they lost the game, but not for lack of trying.他们输了比赛，但已经尽力了。➤from lack of由于缺乏◆she thought she would collapse from lack of sleep.她觉得自己会因睡眠不足而垮掉。➤through lack of出于缺乏◆i've lost those skills through lack of practice.由于缺乏练习，我的那些技能已经荒疏。➤lack of⋯的缺乏◆i couldn't hide my lack of enthusiasm.我无法掩饰自己缺乏热情的事实。phrases➤no lack of sth不乏⋯◆there is certainly no lack of interest in the subject.对这个话题当然不乏兴趣。lack verbadverb | verb + lack | preposition adverb➤really确实缺乏▸➤completely, entirely完全缺乏◆she completely lacks confidence.她完全没有信心。➤apparently看似缺乏◆he apparently lacked the desire to learn.他看上去缺乏学习兴趣。➤clearly, obviously明显缺乏◆his claim clearly lacked conviction.他的主张明显缺乏说服力。➤simply只是缺乏◆perhaps you simply lack the intelligence to realize just how serious this is?或许只是因为你缺乏智慧，才认识不到情况有多严重吧？➤otherwise否则缺乏◆her high-heeled shoes gave her the height she otherwise lacked.她的高跟鞋弥补了她身高的不足。verb + lack➤appear to, seem to显得／似乎缺乏◆his life seemed to lack direction.他的人生似乎缺乏方向。preposition➤in缺乏⋯◆what they lack in talent, they make up for in conviction.天赋方面的不足，他们用信念来补偿。lack nounlack ♦︎ absence ♦︎ deficit ♦︎ shortage ♦︎ shortfall ♦︎ deficiency ♦︎ scarcitythese are all words for talking about not having enough of sth or sth not being there.这些词均表示缺乏、匮乏、短缺。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆a shortage / shortfall / deficiency in sth◆a serious lack / deficit / shortage / shortfall / deficiency◆a major / severe lack / deficit / shortage / deficiency◆to have / suffer from a lack / absence / deficit / shortage / deficiency◆to face a lack / deficit / shortage / shortfall◆there is no lack / shortage / deficiency / scarcity of sth.■ lack [uncountable, singular] the state of not having sth or not having enough of sth缺乏；匮乏；短缺◆a lack of food / money / skills缺乏食物／金钱／技能◆there was no lack of volunteers.志愿者不乏其人。◆they haven't won a game yet, but it isn't for lack of trying.他们还没赢过一场比赛，但并不是由于拚劲不足。◆the trip was cancelled through lack of (= because there was not enough) interest.因为缺乏兴趣，这次旅行取消了。 ➡ see also lacking → inadequate ▸ lack verb [transitive, no passive] ◆some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms.有些住宅仍然没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。◆he lacks confidence.他缺乏信心。■ absence [uncountable] the fact of sb/sth not existing or not being available不存在；缺乏◆the case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.此案因缺乏确凿证据未予受理。◆i was surprised by the absence of any women on the board of directors.我真没想到董事会中竟然没有女性。 opp presence ⓘ presence is the fact of sb/sth being in a particular place or thing. * presence 指某人或某物出现或存在于特定场所或事物之中◆the test can identify the presence of abnormalities in the unborn child.这项化验能够鉴定出胎儿是否畸形。■ deficit /defɪsɪt/ [countable] the amount by which sth, especially an amount of money, is too small or smaller than sth else不足额；（尤指）缺款额；缺少◆there's a deficit of $3 million in the total needed to complete the project.完成这项工程所需的全款中有 300 万元的亏空。◆the team has come back from a 2-0 deficit in the first half.该队在上半场 0:2 落后的情况下将比分扳回。ⓘ in economics a deficit is the amount by which money spent or owed is greater than money earned in a particular period of time.在经济学中，deficit 指在特定的一段时间内的赤字、逆差、亏损◆you cannot cut a budget deficit simply by raising taxes.不能仅靠增加税收来减少预算赤字。◆the trade balance has been in deficit for the past five years.过去五年来贸易状况一直是逆差。opp surplus → excess adj. ■ shortage /ʃɔːtɪdʒ; name ʃɔːrtɪdʒ/ [countable, uncountable] a situation in which there is not enough of the people or things that are needed不足；缺少；短缺◆the government must address the current acute shortage of teachers.政府必须设法解决目前师资严重短缺的问题。◆the recent heavy rains have helped to ease the water shortage.近期的大雨使缺水的状况有所缓解。◆there is no shortage of (= there are plenty of) things to do in the town.城里不愁找不到活儿干。opp surplus → excess adj. ➡ see also short → scarce ■ shortfall /ʃɔːtfɔːl; name ʃɔːrtfɔːl/ [countable] a situation in which there is not enough of sth, especially money or supplies of sth（尤指资金或供应的）缺口，差额，短缺◆last year there was a shortfall of over 500 000 tonnes in the grain supply.去年的粮食供应有超过 50 万吨的缺口。◆the estimated shortfall for this financial year is $1.2 million.本财政年度估算亏空 120 万元。note 辨析 shortage or shortfall? shortfall is used especially to talk about sth that is expected, for example the money that a company expects to make in a period of time. there can be a shortage of people as well as most things, but not◆a shortfall of people * shortfall 尤指预计会出现的事情，如公司预计在一段时间内盈利减少。shortage 既可指大多数事物的短缺，也可指人员的短缺，但不说 a shortfall of people。■ deficiency /dɪfɪʃnsi/ [uncountable, countable] the state of not having, or not having enough of, sth that is essential, especially sth that is important for your health（尤指健康攸关的物质的）缺乏，缺少，不足◆vitamin deficiency in the diet can cause illness.饮食中缺乏维生素会导致疾病。◆the condition is caused by a deficiency of calcium.这种疾病是缺钙引起的。 ➡ see also deficient → inadequate ■ scarcity /skeəsəti; name skersəti/ [uncountable, countable] a situation in which there is not enough of sth, especially food or other resources, and it is difficult to obtain it（尤指食物或其他资源的）缺乏，不足，稀少◆we must ensure that the animals are given food in times of scarcity.我们必须确保这些动物在食物短缺时有东西吃。◆the job was made more difficult because of a scarcity of data.由于缺乏数据资料，这项工作难度更大了。 ➡ see also scarce → scarce lack [uncountable, singular] the state of not having sth or not having enough of sth缺乏；匮乏；短缺◆a lack of food / money / skills缺乏食物／金钱／技能◆there was no lack of volunteers.志愿者不乏其人。◆they haven't won a game yet, but it isn't for lack of trying.他们还没赢过一场比赛，但并不是由于拚劲不足。◆the trip was cancelled through lack of (= because there was not enough) interest.因为缺乏兴趣，这次旅行取消了。 ➡ see also lacking → inadequate ▸ lack verb [transitive, no passive] ◆some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms.有些住宅仍然没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。◆he lacks confidence.他缺乏信心。lackverb [transitive, no passive] ◆some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms.有些住宅仍然没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。◆he lacks confidence.他缺乏信心。lackverb [transitive, no passive] ◆some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms.有些住宅仍然没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。◆he lacks confidence.他缺乏信心。lack¹/læk ||; læk/noun [u] [sing] (a) lack (of sth) the state of not having sth or not having enough of sth 缺乏；短缺: ◇a lack of food forced many people to leave their homes. 很多人吃不饱，被逼背井离乡。 lacksee ⇨ have/not have 7,9 • • •• ⇨ through lack of sth/for lack of sth/for want of sth☞ lack¹☞ lack² |
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