| 单词 | know |
| 释义 | know verb¹ 1have information about sth知道adverb | verb + know | preposition | phrases adverb➤full well, perfectly well, very well完全知道；彻底了解◆you know very well what i'm talking about!你非常清楚我在说什么！➤for certain, for sure确实知道◆i don't know for certain, but i think she lives in the next town.我不太确定，但我觉得她就住在邻镇。➤just就知道◆i just knew there would be problems.我就知道会有问题。➤honestly not确实不知道◆i honestly don't know what they mean to do.我确实不知道他们要干什么。➤beforehand提前知道◆if i'd known beforehand how bad it would be, i wouldn't have gone.如果早知道会这么糟糕，我就不会去了。verb + know➤let sb告诉某人◆please let me know (= tell me) if there's anything i can do to help.如果有什么我能帮忙的，请尽管告诉我。preposition➤about了解⋯◆he knows a lot about music.他很懂音乐。➤of知道有⋯◆i don't know of anyone who might be interested in the job.我不知道有谁会对这份工作感兴趣。phrases➤be widely known众所周知◆it is widely known that cfcs can damage the ozone layer.众所周知，氯氟烃能破坏臭氧层。➤know a lot, nothing, very little, etc.知道很多、 什么也不知道、知道很少等➤you never know永远不会知道◆be prepared for rain－you never know what the weather will be like.做好下雨的准备 － 天气会怎么样很难预料。know verb² 2realize意识到adverb | phrases adverb➤exactly, precisely准确／精确了解◆i know exactly how you feel.我完全了解你的感受。➤immediately, instantly立即／马上意识到◆i instantly knew what the call was about.我当即就意识到这个电话的来意了。➤instinctively本能地知道◆he knew instinctively where he would find her.他本能地知道在哪儿能找到她。phrases➤the next thing i, he, etc. knew接下来我、他等所知道的◆the next thing i knew, i was waking up in hospital.等到我醒来的时候就在医院了。know verb³ 3be familiar with sb/sth熟悉adverb | verb + know | preposition | phrases adverb➤well非常熟悉◆i don't know john very well.我不太了解约翰。➤poorly了解很少◆the properties of this substance are poorly known.这种物质的特性人们知之甚少。➤barely, hardly勉强认识；几乎不了解◆but i hardly know the woman!可是我几乎不认识那个女人！➤personally亲自打交道◆i don't know them personally.我没和他们打过交道。➤internationally, nationally国际上／全国闻名verb + know➤get to开始了解◆she's very nice when you get to know her.你了解她后就会觉得她人非常好。preposition➤for因为⋯熟悉◆he is internationally known for his work with vaccines.他以其疫苗研究闻名国际。phrases➤be known to sb为某人所熟悉◆this man is known to the police (= as a criminal).这个人是在警方挂了号的。➤be widely known广为人知know verb⁴ 4be known as have a particular name名叫；叫作adverb | preposition adverb➤commonly, popularly一般称为；普遍称作➤affectionately深情地称为➤collectively统称为◆parts of the body known collectively as the sensory system统称为感觉系统的身体部位➤variously有五花八门的名称◆the drug is variously known as crack or freebase.这种毒品的叫法五花八门，有人称为“快克”，也有人叫它“游离碱”。➤locally当地称为▸➤formerly, previously以前称作◆iran was formerly known as persia.伊朗以前叫波斯。preposition➤to被⋯称为◆he was known as bonzo to his friends.他的朋友称他为邦佐。know verb 1➤if only we'd known...我们要是早知道⋯就好了➤i know it's here somewhere!我肯定它就在这附近！feelknow what it is like to be poorlearnknow how to use spreadsheetsknow sth by heartknow sth off/down patmeet3get to know sbknow ♦︎ realize ♦︎ appreciatethese words all mean to understand or be aware of sth.这些词均表示理解或意识到某事。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆without knowing / realizing / appreciating sth◆to know / realize / appreciate that...◆to know / realize / appreciate what / how / why...◆to know / realize where...◆to begin / come to know / realize / appreciate sth◆hope sb knows / realizes / appreciates sth◆should have known / realized / appreciated sth■ know (knew, known) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to understand or be aware of a particular fact or situation明白；懂得；意识到◆he knew he was dying.他意识到自己快死了。◆i know exactly how you feel.我非常清楚你的感受。◆you know perfectly well what she meant.你完全明白她的意思。◆ (spoken) 'he's feeling really down.' 'i know.'“他的情绪相当低落。”“我能理解。”◆if only we'd known you were having so many problems!我们要是早知道你当时面临着这么多困难就好了！◆this case is hopeless and he knows it (= although he will not admit it).这个案子毫无希望，这一点他是清楚的。 ➡ see also knowledge → awareness ■ realize (bre also realise) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to understand or become aware of a particular fact or situation理解；认识到；意识到◆i didn't realize (that) you were so unhappy.我没察觉到你那么不开心。◆i don't think you realize how important this is to her.我想你并不晓得这对她有多重要。◆she soon realized her mistake.她很快便意识到了自己的错误。◆we make assumptions all the time without realizing it.我们总是在无意中就进行了假设。◆they managed to leave without any of us realizing.他们悄悄地走了，我们谁也没注意到。 ➡ see also realization → awareness note 辨析 know or realize?in this meaning know is not usually used with a noun object. * know 表达此义时通常不接名词作宾语◆she soon knew her mistake. to realize sth can mean to become aware of it, as well as to be aware of it; know can mean 'become aware' if it happens in a single moment. * realize 不仅表示懂得某事，还表示逐渐认识到某事； know 可表示在短瞬间便意识到所发生的事情◆as soon as / the moment i walked in the room i knew / realized something was wrong.我一走进那个房间便意识到出事了。◆suddenly / all of a sudden / at once i knew / realized what he meant.我忽然／一下子明白了他的意思。however, if the process of becoming aware takes any time, even a short time, use realize.但是，如果这个意识的过程需要一些时间，哪怕是很短的时间，就应使用 realize◆i soon / quickly / gradually / slowly realized what he meant.我很快／一下子／逐渐／慢慢地明白了他的意思。◆i soon/quickly/gradually/slowly knew what he meant. ■ appreciate /əpriːʃieɪt/ [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (rather formal) to understand or realize that sth is true, especially that a situation is difficult for sb else理解，明白，懂得（尤指他人的难处）◆you have to appreciate the difficulties we are facing.你一定要明白我们正面临着诸多困难。◆i don't think you appreciate how expensive it will be.我想你并不了解它会有多昂贵。◆as you'll appreciate, the task has not always been easy.你将会明白，这个任务并非总那么简单。 ➡ see also appreciation → understanding know verb 2➤if only we'd known...我们要是早知道⋯就好了➤i know it's here somewhere!我肯定它就在这附近！feelknow what it is like to be poorlearnknow how to use spreadsheetsknow sth by heartknow sth off/down patmeet3get to know sbknow ♦︎ bet ♦︎ guaranteethese words all mean to say that you are certain about sth.这些词均表示确信、肯定。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆to know / bet / guarantee that...◆you can bet / guarantee (that...)■ know (knew, known) [transitive, intransitive] to feel certain about sth确信；确定；肯定◆i know it's here somewhere!我肯定它就在这附近！◆i just knew that it was something i wanted to do.我只知道这就是我想做的事情。◆ (spoken) 'you were right－someone's been spreading rumours about you.' 'i knew it!'“你说得对，有人一直在散布你的谣言。”“我就知道！”◆'she's the worst player in the team.' 'oh, i don't know (= i am not sure that i agree) －she played well yesterday.'“她是队里打得最差的。”“哦，是吗？她昨天表现得挺不错呀。”■ bet (betting, bet, bet) [transitive] (rather informal, spoken) used to say that you are almost certain that sth is true or that sth will happen敢说；八成儿◆i bet we're too late.我们八成儿是太晚了。◆you can bet that the moment i sit down, the phone will ring.几乎可以肯定，我一坐下电话铃就会响起来。■ guarantee /gærəntiː/ [transitive] to be certain that sth will happen肯定会；必然会◆the film is virtually guaranteed to do well at the box office.这部影片几乎可以肯定会大收旺场。know(knew, known) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to have personal experience of an emotion or situation亲身体验；亲身经历◆she thought she would never know the joy of seeing a child grow up in her care.她原以为她绝不会体验到看着孩子在自己的照料下长大的乐趣。◆she may be successful now, but she has known what it is like to be poor.她现在算是成功了，但她尝过贫穷的滋味。know [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to be able to say who or what sth is when you see or hear it, because you have seen or heard it before认识；认出；辨认出◆i couldn't see who was speaking, but i knew the voice.我看不到谁在讲话，但能辨认出声音。◆she knows a bargain when she sees one.她一看就知道有没有便宜可捡。know(knew, known) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to understand or be aware of a particular fact or situation明白；懂得；意识到◆he knew he was dying.他意识到自己快死了。◆i know exactly how you feel.我非常清楚你的感受。◆you know perfectly well what she meant.你完全明白她的意思。◆ (spoken) 'he's feeling really down.' 'i know.'“他的情绪相当低落。”“我能理解。”◆if only we'd known you were having so many problems!我们要是早知道你当时面临着这么多困难就好了！◆this case is hopeless and he knows it (= although he will not admit it).这个案子毫无希望，这一点他是清楚的。 ➡ see also knowledge → awareness know(knew, known) [transitive, intransitive] to feel certain about sth确信；确定；肯定◆i know it's here somewhere!我肯定它就在这附近！◆i just knew that it was something i wanted to do.我只知道这就是我想做的事情。◆ (spoken) 'you were right－someone's been spreading rumours about you.' 'i knew it!'“你说得对，有人一直在散布你的谣言。”“我就知道！”◆'she's the worst player in the team.' 'oh, i don't know (= i am not sure that i agree) －she played well yesterday.'“她是队里打得最差的。”“哦，是吗？她昨天表现得挺不错呀。”know(knew, known) [transitive] to have learned a skill or language; to have gained knowledge of sth学会，掌握，熟悉（技能或语言）◆do you know how to use spreadsheets?你知道怎样使用电子数据表吗？◆do you know any japanese?你会日语吗？◆he knows this city better than anyone.他比任何人都要熟悉这座城市。 ➡ see also knowledge → knowledge know¹/nəʊ ||; no/verb (past tense knew /nju:; us nu: ||; nu/ past participle known /nəʊn ||; non/) (not used in the continuous tenses 不用于进行时) 1. [i,t] know (about sth);know that... to have knowledge or information in your mind 知道；认识 · ◇i don't know much about sport. 我对体育运动了解不多。◇do you know where this bus stops? 你知不知道这路公共汽车在哪里停站？◇do you know their telephone number? 你知道他们的电话号码吗？ [i] ◇‘you've got a flat tyre.’ ‘i know.’ “你的轮胎瘪了。”“我知道。”◇do you know the way to the restaurant? 你知道去餐馆的路吗？◇knowing katie, she'll be out with her friends. 我知道凯蒂会跟朋友出去。 2. [t] to be familiar with a person or a place; to have met sb or been somewhere before 熟悉；认识: ◇we've known each other for years. 我们已相识多年。◇i don't know this part of london well. 伦敦的这一部份我不大熟悉。 the first time sb introduces you to sb or you see and talk to sb we use the verb meet peter and i met at university in 1997. after meeting sb, as you gradually become friends, we use get to know sb kevin's wife seems very interesting. i'd like to get to know her better.to talk about places that you go to for the first time, we use see or visit i'd love to go to the states and see/visit san francisco and new york. 跟某人初次见面叫做meet：peter and i met at university in 1997.彼得和我是1997年在大学里认识的。初次见面以后就慢慢成为朋友，这要用get to know sb：kevin's wife seems very interesting. i'd like to get to know her better.凯文的妻子似乎很有意思。我想多了解她一点。至于初次去某个地方，就要用see或visit：i'd love to go to the states and see／visit san francisco and new york.我很想去美国看看／参观旧金山和纽约。 3. [t] [i] to feel certain; to be sure of sth 肯定；有把握: ◇i just know you'll pass the exam! 我敢肯定，这次考试你准及格！◇ as far as i know (= i think it is true but i am not absolutely sure), the meeting is next monday afternoon. 就我所知，会议在下星期一下午举行。 4. [t] (only in the past and perfect tenses 只用于过去时和完成时) to have seen, heard, or experienced sth 见过；听过；经历过: ◇i've known him go a whole day without eating. 我听说他曾经整天不吃东西。◇it's been known to snow in june. 六月份下雪也是有的。 5. [t] (often passive 常用于被动语态) know sb/sth as sth to give sth a particular name; to recognize sb/sth as sth 给予…特定的名称；把…看做…: ◇istanbul was previously known as constantinople. 伊斯坦布尔以前叫做君士坦丁堡。 6. [t] know how to do sth to have learned sth and be able to do it 学会；能做某事: ◇do you know how to use a computer? 你会使用计算机吗？ be careful. in front of a verb you must use how to ; you cannot say i know use a computer. 注意：动词后面一定要接how to；不能说i know use a computer。 7. [t] to have personal experience of sth 有某种亲身经历；体验: ◇many people in western countries don't know what it's like to be hungry. 西方国家有很多人没有体验过饥饿的滋味。 although this verb is not used in the continuous tenses, it is common to see the present participle (= -ing form) knowing how he'd react if he ever found out about it, she kept quiet. 虽然这个动词不用于进行时，但它的现在分词还是常见：knowing how he'd react if he ever found out about it, she kept quiet.她知道他一旦得知这件事会有什么反应，所以就缄口不说。 god/goodness/heaven knows 1. i don't know 我不知道；天晓得: ◇they've ordered a new car but goodness knows how they're going to pay for it. 他们订了一辆新车，真不知道他们哪来的钱去支付。 2. used for emphasizing sth （用于强调）: ◇i hope i get an answer soon. goodness knows, i've waited long enough. 天哪，我实在等了很久了，希望不久就会有一个答复。 know better (than that/than to do sth) to have enough sense to realize that you should not do sth 知道（不该做某事）；明事理而不致于（做某事）: ◇i thought you knew better than to go out in the rain with no coat on. 我以为你应该知道没穿雨衣就不该冒雨出门。 know sth inside out/like the back of your hand(informal 非正式) to be very familiar with sth 熟悉（某事物）；了如指掌 know what you are talking about(informal 非正式) to have knowledge of sth from your own experience 有切身体会因而熟知: ◇i've lived in london so i know what i'm talking about. 我曾住在伦敦，所以我对那里的情况很熟悉。 know what's what(informal 非正式) to have all the important information about sth; to fully understand sth 洞悉；通晓 let sb know to tell sb; to inform sb about sth 告诉；通知: ◇could you let me know what time you're arriving? 把你到达的时间告诉我，可以吗？ you know used when the speaker is thinking of what to say next, or to remind sb of sth （用于表示说话人正在考虑说或提醒对方什么）: ◇well, you know, it's rather difficult to explain. 这个嘛…很难说个明白。◇i've just met marta. you know -- jim's ex-wife. 我刚刚遇见玛尔塔。你知道─就是吉姆的前妻。 you never know(spoken 口语) you cannot be certain 很难说；事情难以逆料: ◇keep those empty boxes. you never know, they might come in handy one day. 这些空箱子留着吧，很难说哪一天还用得着。 know of sb/sth to have information about or experience of sb/sth 知道有；经历过: ◇do you know of any pubs around here that serve food? 据你所知，附近有没有供餐的酒馆？ know²/nəʊ ||; no/nounin the know(informal 非正式) having information that other people do not 知情；熟知内幕 ☞ know/not know☞ know¹☞ know² |
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