| 单词 | voluntary |
| 释义 | voluntary adjectiveverbs | adverb verbs➤be自愿▸➤remain仍是义务性质adverb➤completely, entirely, purely, strictly完全志愿的；纯粹义务性质的◆the organization is run on a purely voluntary basis.该组织纯粹是志愿性质的。➤largely基本上自愿的 voluntary /vɒləntri; name vɑːlənteri/ adjective1.done willingly, not because you are forced 自愿的；自发的◆where possible, redundancy should be on a voluntary basis. 如果可能的话，精简人员应当建立在自愿基础上。◆these pollution controls rely on voluntary action by business. 这些污染控制取决于企业的自发行为。◆to pay voluntary contributions into a pension fund 自愿缴存退休金 opp compulsory , involuntary 2. [usually before noun] (about work) done by people who choose to do it without being paid （工作）志愿者的◆large numbers of young people are involved in voluntary work in the community. 许多年轻人参与社区的志愿者工作。3.(about a person or an organization) doing a job without wanting to be paid for it （人或组织）志愿的◆ the voluntary sector (= organizations which help people and which do not make a profit, for example charities) 志愿部门（慈善机构等服务公众的非营利性组织）⨁ voluntary groups / organizations / services志愿团体／组织／服务 ⨁ voluntary labour / workers义工 ☞ voluntaryvoluntary adjective 1➤attendance at classes is purely voluntary.出席课堂纯属自愿。➤voluntary work义务工作voluntary ♦︎ optional ♦︎ discretionarythese words all describe sth which sb does, decides or has by choice, not because they have to.这些词均表示自愿的、主动的、可选择的。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆a voluntary / an optional course / procedure / scheme◆entirely voluntary / optional / discretionary◆purely / largely voluntary / optional■ voluntary /vɒləntri; name vɑːlənteri/ done willingly and by choice, not because you have to do it自愿的；主动的；自告奋勇的◆many people pay voluntary contributions into a pension fund.许多人自愿向退休基金供款。◆attendance at classes is purely voluntary.出席课堂纯属自愿。◆ (bre) he took voluntary redundancy.他选择了自愿裁汰。opp involuntary , compulsory → necessary ▸ voluntarily adverb◆he was not asked to leave－he went voluntarily.没有人让他走，是他主动走的。■ optional that you can choose to do or have if you want to可选择的；选修的◆certain classes are compulsory, others are optional.某些课程是必修的，其他是选修的。◆ (bre) this model comes with a number of optional extras (= things you can choose to have but which you pay extra for).这种型号有一些可供选择的附件，但要额外收费。opp compulsory , obligatory → necessary ➡ see also option → option note 辨析 voluntary or optional? voluntary puts the emphasis on choosing to do or have sth without being forced to because of a rule or law; optional puts the emphasis on sth being available for you to choose if you want, when it is sth extra, not an essential part of sth. * voluntary 强调自己选择做某事或拥有某物而非因规章或法律而被迫去做； optional 强调某物是额外提供以备选的，不是必不可少的部份。■ discretionary /dɪskreʃənəri; name dɪskreʃəneri/ [usually before noun] (formal) decided according to the judgement of a person in authority about what is necessary in each particular situation; not decided by rules自由决定的；酌情行事的；便宜行事的◆such awards are allocated on a discretionary basis.这些奖是自行决定颁发的。▸ discretion noun [uncountable] ◆bail is granted at the discretion of the court.由法庭决定准予保释。voluntary adjective 2➤attendance at classes is purely voluntary.出席课堂纯属自愿。➤voluntary work义务工作voluntary ♦︎ unpaid ♦︎ honorarythese words all describe work which people are not paid for or people who do a job without being paid.这些词均表示义务性的、无偿的、志愿的。patterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆on a voluntary / an unpaid / an honorary basis◆voluntary / unpaid work / service / overtime◆a voluntary / an unpaid worker / carer / helper■ voluntary /vɒləntri; name vɑːlənteri/ [usually before noun](of work) done by people who choose to do it without being paid; (of a person) doing a job without wanting to be paid for it（工作）无偿的，义务性的；（人）志愿的◆i do some voluntary work at the local hospital.我在当地医院做一些义工工作。◆the day centre is operated by a voluntary organization.这家日间护理中心是由志愿团体经营的。■ unpaid /ʌnpeɪd/ (of work or time off work) done or taken without being paid; (of a person) doing work without being paid for it（工作或休息时间）无偿的，不付报酬的；（人）不领报酬的◆many of the children are used as unpaid labour.这些孩子中许多人被用作无偿劳力。◆he chose to take 6 weeks of unpaid leave.他选择停薪休假 6 周。◆the canteen is run by unpaid volunteers.这个食堂由一些不领报酬的志愿者经营。■ honorary /ɒnərəri; name ɑːnəreri/ (of an official position in an organization) held without the person being paid for doing it（组织中的正式职位）名誉的，义务的，无报酬的◆the post of treasurer is a purely honorary position.司库的职位纯属义务性质。◆he became honorary president of the club.他成了该俱乐部的名誉会长。voluntary /vɒləntri; name vɑːlənteri/ done willingly and by choice, not because you have to do it自愿的；主动的；自告奋勇的◆many people pay voluntary contributions into a pension fund.许多人自愿向退休基金供款。◆attendance at classes is purely voluntary.出席课堂纯属自愿。◆ (bre) he took voluntary redundancy.他选择了自愿裁汰。opp involuntary , compulsory → necessary ▸ voluntarily adverb◆he was not asked to leave－he went voluntarily.没有人让他走，是他主动走的。voluntary /vɒləntri; name vɑːlənteri/ [usually before noun](of work) done by people who choose to do it without being paid; (of a person) doing a job without wanting to be paid for it（工作）无偿的，义务性的；（人）志愿的◆i do some voluntary work at the local hospital.我在当地医院做一些义工工作。◆the day centre is operated by a voluntary organization.这家日间护理中心是由志愿团体经营的。voluntary/ˈvɒləntri; us -terɪ ||; ˈvɑlənˌtɛrɪ/adj1. done or given because you want to do it, not because you have to do it 自愿的；自动的；自发的: ◇he took voluntary redundancy and left the firm last year. 他自愿离职，去年离开了那家公司。 [opp] compulsory 反义词为compulsory 2. done or working without payment 义务的；无偿的: ◇she does some voluntary work at the hospital. 她在医院做些义务工作。 3. (used about movements of the body) that you can control （指身体的动作）可自主的，随意的 [opp] involuntary 反义词为involuntary➔voluntarily /ˈvɒləntrəli; us ˌvɒlənˈterəli ||; ˌvɑlənˈtɛrəlɪ/ adv ◇she left the job voluntarily, she wasn't sacked. 她是自愿离职，不是给辞退的。 voluntarysee ⇨ earn 11 ⇨ must/don't have to 5 ⇨ pay 16 ⇨ willing 2 vol·un·ta·ry /`vɑlənˏtɛrɪ; ˈvɒləntəri/adj 1. working without being paid, especially to help people ［尤指帮助别人］义务的，无偿的; 志愿的:◇voluntary work 义务工作◇voluntary organizations 志愿组织 2. something that is voluntary is done because you want to do it, not because someone says you must do it 自愿的，自发的:◇voluntary contributions 自发的捐款 ☞ voluntary |
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