初中完形填空解题一二

    赵丽娜

    摘 要：初中英语试卷中，完形填空题占一定的比例。这个题不难，但是很多学生得分却不理想。在教学过程中，经过多次实践，总结了以下几点，与大家分享。

    关键词：通读 推测 技巧

    依据《义务教育英语课程标准》的要求，完形填空题在中考中分为两节，第一节侧重对学生语法知识的掌握和运用能力的考查，第二节注重对学生整体理解能力的考查，尤其对思维能力在较高层次（如联想、推理、归纳等）上进行检测。难度较大、综合性较强，完全考查学生的语言理解水平和驾驭能力。可以说，完形填空题解答的好坏是决定学生英语成绩高低的关键，然而学生如何才能在中考中取得高分？技巧又有哪些呢？从教十几年来，结合《中考说明》，无论是给学生答疑解惑，还是平时在课堂上讲解习题，主要从语法角度和短语词组角度去做题，再联系上下文结合生活常识，考虑语境，得出答案。如愚公移山

    Once upon a time，there was a very old man called Yu Gong.He lived with his family in a village and there were two big and__1_mountains near his house.They spend a long time__2_to the other side.

    1.A short B thin C high D long

    2.A get B to get C got D getting

    在做第2个题时，我们观察句中包含spend+时间或金钱+（in）doing something，根据词组，所以答案无疑应该是D。而第一题结合常识为"高大的山”，所以选C。

    One day，Yu Gong told his family that they must move the mountains to other places.__3__this，everyone in his family was laughing at him.One of his sons said，”Are you kidding？””No，Im serious and all of you must do it with me.”Everyone was__4_at that time.They really dont want to do it，but they have to do because the oldest man in his family was__5__important person at that time.

    3.A Seeing B Doing C Hearing D Watching

    4.A silent B tired C thirsty D exciting

    5.A most B the most C more D much more

    在做第3题和第4题时，联系上下文考虑语境，应该是“听到这个”，得出答案C。同样的方法做第4题“每个人都沉默了”故选A。而第5题我们应该想到这位老人是家里最重要的人，考查的是最高级，所以选B。

    The next day everyone in Yu Gongs family started to dig the mountains.They put the stones and the earth___6_the sea.One day a man saw Yu Gong and his children__7_the mountains.He told Yu Gong he would never finish it.But Yu Gong said though he was__8_would die，his family could continue to move the mountains.Then they kept on digging day after day and year after year.

    6.A.on B to C up D into

    7.A dug B digging C to dig D dig

    8.A healthy B well C strong D weak

    第6题根据短语put into，故选D；而第7题考查词组see somebody doing something.故答案为B。在做第8题时我们应该结合现实，老人年迈体弱，将要死亡，所以选D。

    Finally a god was so moved by Yu Gong__9_he sent two gods to help Yu Gong move the mountains away.

    The story_10__us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen.

    9.A that B who C which D whether

    10.A reminded B to remind C reminds D reminding

    我们观察到第9题包含so...that句型，考查语法，所以选A，而第10题考查remind的过去式，动词不定式，单三式和动名词形式，“故事提醒我们一个道理”应该是一般现在时。所以选C.

    需要强调的是我们在做题的时候，往往是语法和短语词组穿插进行的，这就要求学生熟练掌握所学的知识点。另外，文章中，句与句之间、段与段之间紧密相连、浑然一体。因此，经常会出现前面的信息为后面的内容提供暗示，而后面的信息也有可能为前面提供答案。这时，同学们切不可仅盯所填部分，而要联系上下文，寻求信息以确定答案。如

    The Readers is a popular TV show.It invites different people to read aloud on the stage.The_____also tells the moving stories behind those people.

    A show B lesson C research D play

    前面談到《朗读者》是一个流行的电视节目，后面给出空格，“这个节目也告诉了我们那些人背后感人的故事”。要求同学们在翻译的基础上根据语境得出答案，所以应选A。又如：

    President Roosevelt was a great hunter.One day，he travelled in Mississippi.Some people took him to go hunting.Things were not going well and President Roosevelt hunted nothing.Someone had an idea.He caught a bear and tied it to the tree for President Roosevelt to_____.The bear looked very helpless and tired，so Roosevelt refused to shoot it.

    A catch B tie C shoot D take

    这个题我们由最后一句“因此罗斯福总统拒绝射击它”，推测出前面“它把熊绑到树上”应该是让“罗斯福总统去射击。”得出答案C.

    每篇完形填空10道题，其中有1～2道题的难度较大，学生们在短时间内很难确定答案。此时，学生应该在读完全文后，集中精力，结合语境，反复推敲，对其进行分析、综合，作出决定。

    词不离句，句不离篇。同学们在做完形填空时至少应把全文通读三遍，把握文章主旨，从句子语境出发，抓住关键词，考虑所学语法，短语词组，根据文章的中心、结合上下文的意思，推测空白处的意思，然后选出合乎语境的选项。